# Ilan Ramon

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**Ilan Ramon** (Hebrew: אילן רמון; (ʔ)iˈlan ʁaˈmon, born **Ilan Wolfferman** (אילן וולפרמן); June 20, 1954 – February 1, 2003)[1] was an [Israeli](/source/Israel) [fighter pilot](/source/Fighter_pilot) and later the first Israeli [astronaut](/source/Astronaut). He served as a [Space Shuttle](/source/Space_Shuttle) payload specialist on [STS-107](/source/STS-107), the fatal mission of *[Columbia](/source/Space_Shuttle_Columbia)*, in which he and the six other crew members were killed when the spacecraft [disintegrated during re-entry](/source/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_disaster). At 48, Ramon was the oldest member of the crew. He is the only foreign recipient of the United States [Congressional Space Medal of Honor](/source/Congressional_Space_Medal_of_Honor), which was awarded posthumously.[2]

## Biography

Born in [Ramat Gan](/source/Ramat_Gan), Israel, to Tonya (1929–2003) and Eliezer Wolfferman (1923–2006), a family of [Ashkenazi Jewish](/source/Ashkenazi_Jewish) descent, Ramon grew up in [Beersheba](/source/Beersheba). His father was from [Germany](/source/German_Jews), and his family fled [Nazi](/source/Nazi_Germany) persecution in 1935. His mother and grandmother were from [Poland](/source/Polish_Jews), and were [Holocaust survivors](/source/Holocaust_survivors), having been in [Auschwitz](/source/Auschwitz). They [emigrated](/source/Aliyah) to Israel in 1949.[3] Ramon's first name, Ilan, means "tree" in [Hebrew](/source/Hebrew_language).[4] Ramon [Hebraizied his surname](/source/Hebraization_of_surnames) from **Wolfferman** to **Ramon**, a more "Israeli ([Sabra](/source/Sabra_(person)))" name, when he joined the [Israeli Air Force](/source/Israeli_Air_Force) (IAF). This was customary and expected of IAF pilots, as well as among [IDF](/source/Israel_Defense_Forces) senior officers at the time.[5]

Ramon graduated from high school in 1972. In 1987, he graduated with a [B.Sc.](/source/Bachelor_of_Science) degree in electronics and computer engineering from [Tel Aviv University](/source/Tel_Aviv_University).[6]

## Air Force career

Ramon was a [Colonel (*Aluf Mishne*)](/source/Israel_Defense_Forces_ranks) and a [fighter pilot](/source/Fighter_aircraft) in the [Israeli Air Force](/source/Israeli_Air_Force), with thousands of hours of [flying](/source/Flight) experience. He began the fighter pilot's course at the [Israeli Air Force Flight Academy](/source/Israeli_Air_Force_Flight_Academy) in 1972, but was forced to suspend his studies after breaking his hand. Ramon served in an [electronic warfare](/source/Electronic_warfare) unit in the [Sinai](/source/Sinai_Peninsula) during the [Yom Kippur War](/source/Yom_Kippur_War), and afterwards, returned to the flight academy. He graduated from the fighter pilots' course in 1974. From 1974 to 1976, Ramon participated in [A-4 Skyhawk](/source/A-4_Skyhawk) Basic Training and Operations. From 1976 to 1980, he participated in training and operations for the [Mirage IIIC](/source/Dassault_Mirage_III). In 1980, as one of the IAF's establishment team of the first F-16 Squadron in Israel, Ramon attended the F-16 Training Course at [Hill Air Force Base](/source/Hill_Air_Force_Base), [Utah](/source/Utah). From 1981 to 1983, he served as the Deputy Squadron Commander B, F-16 Squadron.[6]

In 1981, Ramon was the youngest pilot taking part in [Operation Opera](/source/Operation_Opera), Israel's strike against [Iraq](/source/Iraq)'s unfinished [Osiraq](/source/Osirak) [nuclear reactor](/source/Nuclear_reactor). The facility was destroyed, killing ten Iraqi soldiers and one French researcher.[7][8] Ramon also participated in the [1982 Lebanon War](/source/1982_Lebanon_War).

After attending [Tel Aviv University](/source/Tel_Aviv_University), Ramon served as Deputy Squadron Commander A, [119 Squadron](/source/119_Squadron_(Israel)), flying the [F-4 Phantom](/source/F-4_Phantom) (1988–1990). In 1990, he attended the Squadron Commanders Course and between 1990 and 1992, commanded [117 Squadron](/source/117_Squadron_(Israel)), flying the [F-16](/source/F-16_Fighting_Falcon). From 1992 to 1994, Ramon was head of the Aircraft Branch in the Operations Requirement Department. In 1994, he was promoted to the rank of colonel and assigned as head of the Department of Operational Requirement for Weapon Development and Acquisition. Ramon stayed at this post until 1998.

Ramon accumulated over 3,000 flight hours on the A-4, Mirage IIIC, and F-4, and over 1,000 flight hours on the F-16.[6]

## NASA experience

### NASA on-ground trainings

In 1997, Ramon was selected as a [Payload Specialist](/source/Payload_Specialist). He was designated to train as prime for a space shuttle mission with a payload that included a [multispectral](/source/Multispectral) camera for recording desert [aerosol](/source/Aerosol) (dust). In July 1998, Ramon reported for training at the [Johnson Space Center](/source/Johnson_Space_Center) in [Houston](/source/Houston), Texas, where he trained until 2003. Ramon flew aboard [STS-107](/source/STS-107), logging 15 days, 22 hours and 20 minutes in space.

### Space flight: STS-107, Space Shuttle *Columbia*

STS-107 *Columbia* (January 16 – February 1, 2003), a 16-day flight, was a dedicated science and research mission. Working 24 hours a day, in two alternating shifts, the crew successfully conducted approximately 80 experiments.

Personally nonreligious, Ramon performed traditional observance while in orbit: "I feel I am representing all Jews and all Israelis." He was the first astronaut to request [kosher](/source/Kosher) food and marked the Sabbath.[9] Ramon, whose mother and grandmother were survivors of [Auschwitz](/source/Auschwitz), was asked by S. Isaac Mekel, director of development at the American Society for [Yad Vashem](/source/Yad_Vashem), to take an item from Yad Vashem aboard STS-107. Ramon carried with him a pencil sketch, *Moon Landscape*, drawn by 16-year-old [Petr Ginz](/source/Petr_Ginz), who was murdered in Auschwitz. Ramon also took with him a [microfiche](/source/Microfiche) copy of the [Torah](/source/Torah) given to him by Israeli president [Moshe Katsav](/source/Moshe_Katsav) and a miniature Torah scroll (from the Holocaust) that was given to him by Prof. Yehoyachin Yosef, a [Bergen Belsen](/source/Bergen_Belsen) survivor.[10] Ramon asked the 1939 Club, a [Holocaust survivor](/source/Holocaust_survivor) organization in Los Angeles, for a symbol of the Holocaust to take into outer space with him. A barbed wire [mezuzah](/source/Mezuzah) by the [San Francisco](/source/San_Francisco) artist [Aimee Golant](/source/Aimee_Golant) was selected. Ramon also took with him a dollar of the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi [Menachem M. Schneerson](/source/Menachem_M._Schneerson).[11]

Ramon and the rest of the *Columbia* crew died over East Texas in the [Southern United States](/source/Southern_United_States) during entry into Earth's atmosphere, 16 minutes before scheduled landing.[6]

### Diary

Among the recovered 40% from the contents of the *Columbia* Space Shuttle that broke up over Texas, were 37 pages of Ramon's diary, which NASA returned to his wife.[12][13] His widow, Rona,[12] shared an excerpt with the Israeli public in a display at [Jerusalem](/source/Jerusalem)'s [Israel Museum](/source/Israel_Museum).[14] Rona Ramon brought it to Israel Museum [forensic](/source/Forensic) experts. Only two pages were displayed, one containing Ramon's notes, and the other is a copy of the [Kiddush](/source/Kiddush) [prayer](/source/Prayer).[14] [Curator](/source/Curator) [Yigal Zalmona](/source/Yigal_Zalmona)[15] said the [diary](/source/Diary) was partially restored in one year, and needed four more, for police scientists to decipher 80% of the text. Zalmona stated: "The diary survived extreme heat in the explosion, extreme atmospheric cold, and then was attacked by microorganisms and insects. It's almost a miracle that it survived — it's incredible. There is 'no rational explanation' for how it was recovered when most of the shuttle was not."[14] Ramon wrote on the last day of the journal:

Today was the first day that I felt that I am truly living in space. I have become a man who lives and works in space.

Inscribed in black ink and [pencil](/source/Pencil), it covered the first six days of the 16-day mission.[16]

## Family

Ramon was survived by his wife, Rona, and their four children: Assaf, Tal, Yiftah, and Noa, who were in Florida at the time of the accident. Ramon's widow, [Rona Ramon](/source/Rona_Ramon), served in the Israel Defense Forces as a paramedic and later earned a BA at the [Wingate Institute](/source/Wingate_Institute). After Assaf's death, she returned to university and graduated with a master's degree in holistic health at [Lesley University](/source/Lesley_University), Massachusetts. She also lectured about dealing with grief and finding coping mechanisms. Rona served as founding CEO of the nonprofit Ramon Foundation for youth academic excellence and social leadership through science and technology.[17] She died of pancreatic cancer on December 17, 2018.[18] She was posthumously awarded the [Israel Prize](/source/Israel_Prize) for lifetime achievement.

Ramon's eldest son, Assaf (February 10, 1988 – September 13, 2009), died at age 21 during a routine training flight while piloting his [F-16A](/source/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon), three months after graduating from the [IAF](/source/Israeli_Air_Force) flight school [Hatzerim Airbase](/source/Hatzerim_Airbase) as the top cadet in his class.[19][20][21][22] Assaf lost consciousness during a spell of vertigo, as a result of the high speed and G-force conditions to which he was subjected. This led to the plane crash and Assaf's subsequent death. He was considered an excellent pilot.[23] A lieutenant of the [Israeli Air Force](/source/Israeli_Air_Force), he was posthumously promoted to the rank of captain.[23]

On November 10, 2013, the American Society for Yad Vashem held a special event with the participation of Ramon's son, Tal, who performed a song he wrote in memory of his father.[24] Tal Ramon performed his debut album, *Dmut*, at the club Zappa Tel Aviv in 2016.[24]

## Awards and honors

- Military decorations: - [Yom Kippur War](/source/Yom_Kippur_War) campaign ribbon (1973) - [1982 Lebanon War](/source/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Israel#Campaign_ribbons_and_medal) campaign ribbon (1982) - [F-16](/source/F-16) 1,000 Flight Hours (1992).
- Posthumously awarded: - IDF [Chief of Staff Medal of Appreciation](/source/Chief_of_Staff_Medal_of_Appreciation) - [Congressional Space Medal of Honor](/source/Congressional_Space_Medal_of_Honor) (Ramon is the only non-U.S. citizen recipient to date)[25] - [NASA Space Flight Medal](/source/NASA_Space_Flight_Medal)

## Namesakes

### In Israel

- [Ramon Airport](/source/Ramon_Airport), named in honor of Ilan and Assaf Ramon[26]
- The international Ilan Ramon Conference,[27] hosted by the [Israel Space Agency](/source/Israel_Space_Agency)
- Ilan Ramon Youth Physics Center, [Ben-Gurion University of the Negev](/source/Ben-Gurion_University_of_the_Negev), [Beersheba](/source/Beersheba)
- Ramon Control Tower, [Ben-Gurion Airport](/source/Ben-Gurion_Airport)
- Ilan Ramon Elementary School, [Be'er Ya'akov](/source/Be'er_Ya'akov)
- Ilan Ramon Elementary School, [Jerusalem](/source/Jerusalem)
- Ilan Ramon Junior High School, [Kfar Saba](/source/Kfar_Saba)
- Ilan Ramon Elementary School, [Netanya](/source/Netanya)
- Ilan Ramon Elememtary School, [Hadera](/source/Hadera)
- Ramon Elementary School, [Modi'in](/source/Modi'in)
- Ramon High School, [Hod Hasharon](/source/Hod_Hasharon)
- Ilan Ramon Junior High, [Kokhav Ya'ir](/source/Kokhav_Ya'ir)[28]
- Ilan Ramon Emergency Center, Kaplan Hospital, [Rehovot](/source/Rehovot)
- Ramon Park, [Givat Shmuel](/source/Givat_Shmuel)
- Ilan Ramon Park, space-themed playground, [Beersheba](/source/Beersheba)
- Ramon.Space, an aerospace electronics company [Multi-national](/source/Multi-national)

### In Canada

- Ilan Ramon Boulevard,[29][30] [Vaughan, Ontario](/source/Vaughan,_Ontario), Canada
- Ilan Ramon Crescent, [Côte-Saint-Luc](/source/C%C3%B4te-Saint-Luc) ([Montreal](/source/Montreal)), [Quebec](/source/Quebec), Canada

### In the United States

- Ramon Hall, in the Columbia Village apartments, [Florida Institute of Technology](/source/Florida_Institute_of_Technology)[31]
- Ilan Ramon [AZA](/source/Aleph_Zadik_Aleph) #380, [Boulder, Colorado](/source/Boulder,_Colorado)
- Ilan Ramon [BBYO](/source/BBYO) #5378, [Oviedo, Florida](/source/Oviedo,_Florida)
- Ramon AZA #195 (named after Ilan and Assaf Ramon), [Sunnyvale, California](/source/Sunnyvale,_California)
- Ilan Ramon Day School, [Agoura, California](/source/Agoura,_California)

### In space

- Asteroid [51828 Ilanramon](/source/51828_Ilanramon)
- Ramon Hill, [Columbia Hills](/source/Columbia_Hills_(Mars)) on [Mars](/source/Mars)
- Ramon Crater, within the [Apollo basin](/source/Apollo_(crater)), on the far side of the [Moon](/source/Moon)[32]

## See also

- [Boris Volynov](/source/Boris_Volynov), first Jewish person in space
- [Space Shuttle *Columbia* disaster](/source/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_disaster)
- *[Columbia: The Tragic Loss](/source/Columbia:_The_Tragic_Loss)*, a documentary that focuses on Ilan Ramon

## References

1. Stone, Tanya Lee (October 1, 2003). [*Ilan Ramon: Israel's First Astronaut*](https://books.google.com/books?id=a8G9I_a2s9oC&pg=PA10). Kar-Ben Publishing. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-7613-2888-9. Retrieved May 26, 2011.

1. ["On This Day: Israel's Ilan Ramon dies in Columbia space shuttle disaster"](https://www.jpost.com/science/article-695143). *[The Jerusalem Post](/source/The_Jerusalem_Post)*. February 2022. [ISSN 0792-822X](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0792-822X). Retrieved January 21, 2023.

1. ["Israel's first astronaut - Ilan Ramon"](https://web.archive.org/web/20121023013223/http://www.haaretz.com/news/israel-s-first-astronaut-ilan-ramon-1.21875). *Haaretz*. April 2, 2008. Archived from [the original](https://www.haaretz.com/news/israel-s-first-astronaut-ilan-ramon-1.21875) on October 23, 2012. Retrieved September 1, 2011.

1. Mike Campbell. ["Ilan"](http://www.behindthename.com/name/ilan). Behindthename.com. Retrieved September 1, 2011.

1. ["The Hebraization of Surnames"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110721143456/http://www.jewish-world.org.il/Roots/English/2/InfoPages/IvrotLastName.asp?Language=English&PageLink=&unit=2&session=3&lesson=2&CF=152&CFS=1.3). [Jewish Agency for Israel](/source/Jewish_Agency_for_Israel). Archived from [the original](http://www.jewish-world.org.il/Roots/English/2/InfoPages/IvrotLastName.asp?Language=English&PageLink=&unit=2&session=3&lesson=2&CF=152&CFS=1.3) on July 21, 2011. Retrieved November 24, 2019. order to .. Israel Defense Forces .. officer

1. ["ILAN RAMON (COLONEL, ISRAEL AIR FORCE), PAYLOAD SPECIALIST"](https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/ramon.pdf). NASA. Retrieved May 15, 2021.

1. Service, Haaretz (February 1, 2003). ["Astronaut Ilan Ramon's son dies in IAF crash, September 13, 2009"](https://web.archive.org/web/20090922184157/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1114256.html). Haaretz. Archived from [the original](https://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1114256.html) on September 22, 2009. Retrieved September 1, 2011.

1. ["Factfile: How Osirak was bombed"](http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/5020778.stm). *BBC News*. June 5, 2006. Retrieved May 5, 2010.

1. Konikov, Zvi. ["official website"](http://www.chabad.org/multimedia/media_cdo/aid/633325/jewish/Remembering-Ilan-Ramon.htm). Chabad.org. Retrieved September 1, 2011.

1. Lehman-Wilzig, Tami & Craig Orback (2003). [*Keeping the Promise*](https://archive.org/details/keepingpromiset00lehm). MN: Kar-Ben publishing. ISBN 1-58013-118-2. Retrieved May 2, 2011.

1. Brown, Irene (January 27, 2003). ["Israeli astronaut busy up in space"](https://web.archive.org/web/20111130160622/http://www.jta.org/news/article/2003/01/27/9859/Israeliastronautto). Jta.org. Archived from [the original](https://jta.org/news/article/2003/01/27/9859/Israeliastronautto) on November 30, 2011. Retrieved September 1, 2011.

1. Loretta Hidalgo Whitesides (October 2008). ["Diary Survived Shuttle Accident, Goes On Display"](https://www.wired.com/2008/10/dairy-survived). *[Wired](/source/Wired_(magazine))* cardboard-covered, three-ring bound .. found wet and crumpled .. field .. Palestine, Texas.

1. ["Pride Turns to Grief and Disbelief in Israel"](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-feb-02-na-israel2-story.html). *LATimes.com [Los Angeles Times](/source/Los_Angeles_Times)*. February 2, 2003.

1. Ohm, Shawna (October 3, 2008). ["Astronaut's diary goes on display in Jerusalem"](https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2008-10-03-astronaut-diary_N.htm). Associated Press. Retrieved October 23, 2011.

1. ["Photos of "miracle" diary **here**"](https://news.yahoo.com/nphotos/slideshow/photo//081003/481/e19cacc4165d4e6b83e2b9dc67401ad0/#photoViewer=/081003/481/e19cacc4165d4e6b83e2b9dc67401ad0). yahoo.com. Retrieved September 1, 2011.

1. Toni O'Loughlin (October 4, 2008). ["Diary that survived shuttle blast goes on show"](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/oct/04/israelandthepalestinians.spaceexploration). London: Guardian. Retrieved September 1, 2011.

1. ["Rona Ramon, widow of astronaut killed in Space Shuttle Columbia, dies at 54"](https://www.jta.org/2018/12/17/obituaries/rona-ramon-widow-of-astronaut-killed-in-space-shuttle-columbia-dies-at-54). December 17, 2018.

1. ["Rona Ramon, widow of Israeli astronaut Ilan Ramon, passed away - Israel News - Jerusalem Post"](https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Rona-Ramon-widow-of-Israeli-astronaut-Ilan-Ramon-passed-away-574567). *www.jpost.com*. December 17, 2018. Retrieved December 17, 2018.

1. ["Jet crash kills Israel hero's son"](http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8253465.stm). BBC News. September 13, 2009. Retrieved September 1, 2011.

1. Heller, Aron (January 31, 2013). ["Decade after shuttle disaster, Rona Ramon still trying to cope"](http://www.timesofisrael.com/decade-after-shuttle-disaster-rona-ramon-still-trying-to-cope/). *The Times of Israel*. Retrieved April 1, 2015.

1. [Death of Ilan Ramon's son, Asaf Ramon](http://news.nana10.co.il/Article/?ArticleID=664996) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170912103312/http://news.nana10.co.il/Article/?ArticleID=664996) September 12, 2017 at the Wayback Machine (hebrew)

1. Sorcher, Sara (September 14, 2009). ["Israel Mourns Assaf Ramon, Astronaut's Son"](https://abcnews.go.com/International/assaf-ramon-killed-21-israel-mourns-ilan-ramons/story?id=8566401). *abc news*. Retrieved April 1, 2015.

1. Boudreaux, Richard (September 14, 2009). ["Israel pilot Assaf Ramon, astronaut's son, dies in F-16 crash"](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-sep-14-fg-israel-crash14-story.html). *Los Angeles Times*. Retrieved April 1, 2015.

1. Hendelman, Ariel Dominique (April 30, 2016). ["Piano man"](https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/culture/piano-man-452731). *[The Jerusalem Post](/source/The_Jerusalem_Post)*. Retrieved June 20, 2023.

1. ["Congressional Space Medal of Honor"](https://history.nasa.gov/spacemedal.htm). NASA. April 28, 2006. Retrieved December 5, 2009.

1. Ibrahim, Raymond (July 18, 2010). ["New Timna airport to be named after Ilan and Assaf Ramon"](https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=181807). Jpost.com. Retrieved September 1, 2011.

1. ["Ilan Ramon Conference"](https://web.archive.org/web/20191215122853/http://www.ramon-conference.com/) (in he-IL). *Ilan Ramon Conference 2020*. Archived from [the original](http://www.ramon-conference.com/) on December 15, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.

1. ["Ilan Ramon Junior High, Kochav-Yair"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110829003642/http://ramon-kz.org.il/). Archived from [the original](http://ramon-kz.org.il/) on August 29, 2011. Retrieved October 23, 2011.

1. Shoshana Poznansky (May 7, 2007). ["UJA Foundation: Lag B'omer festival"](http://www.jewishtoronto.net/page.html?ArticleID=145300). Jewishtoronto.net. Retrieved September 1, 2011.[dead link]

1. ["UJA Foundation"](http://jewishtoronto.blogspot.com/2007/04/vaughan-street-festival-celebrates-lag.html). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20080515110111/http://jewishtoronto.blogspot.com/2007/04/vaughan-street-festival-celebrates-lag.html) May 15, 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved February 2, 2008.

1. ["Florida Tech dedicates dorms to Columbia 7"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080118103500/http://www.floridatoday.com/columbia/columbiastory2N1029TECH.htm). Archived from [the original](http://www.floridatoday.com/columbia/columbiastory2N1029TECH.htm) on January 18, 2008. Retrieved September 1, 2011.

1. ["Lunar crater Ramon"](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14142?__fsk=603111301). *Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature*. [IAU](/source/IAU). Retrieved June 16, 2021.

## External links

- ["ILAN RAMON (COLONEL, ISRAEL AIR FORCE)"](https://history.nasa.gov/columbia/Troxell/Columbia%20Web%20Site/Biographies/Crew%20Profile%20Information/Crew%20Biographies/PAYLOA%7E1.HTM). *[NASA](/source/NASA)*. February 2003. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
- [Photo of Ilan Ramon with Chabad Rabbi Zvi Konikov](https://www.jewishbrevard.com/templates/articlecco_cdo/aid/632846/jewish/Ilan-Ramon-Columbia.htm)
- [Ilan Ramon STS-107 Crew Memorial](https://web.archive.org/web/20041106131854/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-107/memorial/ramon.html)
- [A collection of articles about Ilan Ramon](https://www.chabad.org/search/keyword_cdo/kid/2650/jewish/Ramon-Ilan.htm)
- [Ilan Ramon Memorial pages in the Israel Science and Technology Directory](https://www.science.co.il/Ilan-Ramon/)
- [Spacefacts biography of Ilan Ramon](http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/international/english/ramon_ilan.htm)
- [Excerpts from Ilan Ramon's diary](http://www.aish.com/jewishissues/israeldiary/Ilan_Ramons_Diary.asp) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20120217173424/http://www.aish.com/jewishissues/israeldiary/Ilan_Ramons_Diary.asp) February 17, 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- [Ramon Foundation](http://ramonfoundation.org.il/)
- [Ilan Ramon](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4120766/) at IMDb

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Ilan Ramon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilan_Ramon) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilan_Ramon?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.