# Hyperolius parallelus

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{{Short description|Species of frog}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Hyperolius parallelus - Angolan Reed Frog.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group |date=2013 |title=''Hyperolius parallelus'' |volume=2013 |article-number=e.T56176A18379951 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-2.RLTS.T56176A18379951.en |access-date=15 November 2021}}</ref>
| taxon = Hyperolius parallelus
| authority = [Günther](/source/Albert_C._L._G._G%C3%BCnther), 1858<ref name="Günther 1858"/>
| synonyms = {{Species list
 | Hyperolius marmoratus var. angolensis | Steindachner, 1867
 | Hyperolius angolensis | Steindachner, 1867
 | Hyperolius toulsonii | Bocage, 1868 "1867"
 | Hyperolius insignis | Bocage, 1868 "1867"
 | Hyperolius huillensis | Bocage, 1873
 | Hyperolius erythromelanus | Monard, 1937 "1936"
 | Hyperolius angolensis quarrei | Laurent, 1943 }}
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=Frost/>
}}

'''''Hyperolius parallelus''''', also known as the '''Angolan reed frog''' (being treated as ''Hyperolius angolensis'' by many authors<ref name=Frost/>), is a species of [frog](/source/frog) in the family [Hyperoliidae](/source/Hyperoliidae). It is found in [Southern](/source/Southern_Africa) and [Central Africa](/source/Central_Africa).<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" /><ref name=Frost/> It is part of the so-called ''[Hyperolius viridiflavus](/source/Hyperolius_viridiflavus)'' [species complex](/source/species_complex)<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" /><ref name=Frost/><ref name="Channing and Rödel 2019"/> and has a complex history of taxonomic treatments.<ref name=Frost/><ref name="Marques et al. 2018"/>

==Description==
In samples from Central Africa, adult males measure {{convert|30|-|38|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} in [snout–vent length](/source/snout%E2%80%93vent_length).<ref name="Dehling and Sinsch 2019"/> The [tympanum](/source/Tympanum_(anatomy)) is not visible. The head and snout are short. The [syntype](/source/syntype)s were dorsally dark brown with three white, parallel bands;<ref name="Günther 1858"/> nevertheless, the dorsal pattern is variable.<ref name="Conradie et al. 2012"/>

==Distribution and habitat==
''Hyperolius parallelus'' is found in southern [Republic of the Congo](/source/Republic_of_the_Congo) and [Democratic Republic of the Congo](/source/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo), [Angola](/source/Angola), northern [Namibia](/source/Namibia) and [Botswana](/source/Botswana), and western [Zambia](/source/Zambia);<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" /><ref name=Frost/> the exact limits of its range are not clear and might extend into [Gabon](/source/Gabon) and [Zimbabwe](/source/Zimbabwe). It occurs in savanna, grassland and bush land, as well as many human-modified habitats such as cultivated land, towns, and gardens; it is associated in with emergent vegetation at the margins of swamps, rivers and lakes. Reproduction takes place in both temporary and permanent bodies of water and the eggs are laid directly into the water.<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" />

==Conservation==
This widespread and extremely abundant species is not facing any significant threats; it readily colonizes newly created waterbodies. It probably is present in many protected areas.<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" />

==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="Channing and Rödel 2019">{{cite book |title=Field Guide to the Frogs & other Amphibians of Africa |last1=Channing |first1=Allan |last2=Rödel |first2=Mark-Oliver |name-list-style=amp |year=2019 |publisher=Struik Nature |location=Cape Town |isbn=978-1-77584-512-6 |pages=396–397 }}</ref>

<ref name="Conradie et al. 2012">{{cite journal |last1=Conradie |first1=W. |last2=Branch |first2=W. R. |last3=Measey |first3=G. J. |last4=Tolley |first4=K. A. |name-list-style=amp |year=2012 |title=A new species of ''Hyperolius'' Rapp, 1842 (Anura: Hyperoliidae) from the Serra da Chela mountains, south-western Angola |journal=Zootaxa |volume=3269 |pages=1–17 |doi= |url= }}</ref>

<ref name="Dehling and Sinsch 2019">{{cite journal |last1=Dehling |first1=J. Maximilian |last2=Sinsch |first2=Ulrich |name-list-style=amp |title=Partitioning of morphospace in larval and adult reed frogs (Anura: Hyperoliidae: ''Hyperolius'') of the Central African Albertine Rift |journal=Zoologischer Anzeiger |date=2019 |volume=280 |pages=65–77 |doi=10.1016/j.jcz.2019.04.003 }}</ref>

<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Hyperoliidae/Hyperoliinae/Hyperolius/Hyperolius-parallelus |title=''Hyperolius parallelus'' Günther, 1858 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2021 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |doi=10.5531/db.vz.0001 |access-date=25 February 2021}}</ref>

<ref name="Günther 1858">{{cite journal |last1=Günther |first1=Albert C. L. G. |title=Neue Batrachier in der Sammlung des Britischen Museums |journal=Archiv für Naturgeschichte |date=1858 |volume=24 |pages=319–328 |doi=10.5962/bhl.part.5288 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/5288|doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Marques et al. 2018">{{cite journal |last1=Marques |first1=M. P. |last2=Ceríaco |first2=L. M. P. |last3=Blackburn |first3=D. C. |last4=Bauer |first4=A. M. |name-list-style=amp |year=2018 |title=Diversity and distribution of the amphibians and terrestrial reptiles of Angola. Atlas of historical and bibliographic records (1840–2017) |journal=Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences |series=4th Series |volume=65 |issue=Suppl. II |pages=1–501 |url=http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/izg/PCAS%20v65%20Suppl%20II%2028Dept18%20Angola%20(CAS%20web).pdf }}</ref>
}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q516797}}

parallelus
Category:Frogs of Africa
Category:Amphibians of Angola
Category:Amphibians of Botswana
Category:Amphibians of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Category:Amphibians of Namibia
Category:Amphibians of the Republic of the Congo
Category:Amphibians of Zambia
Category:Taxa named by Albert Günther
Category:Amphibians described in 1858
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Hyperolius parallelus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperolius_parallelus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperolius_parallelus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.