# Hypergonadism

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{{Short description|Endocrine disease}}

'''Hypergonadism''' is a condition where there is a [hyperfunction](/source/hyperfunction_(medicine)) of the [gonad](/source/gonad)s.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Danner HG |title=A Thesaurus of English Word Roots |date=2014 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1-4422-3326-3 |page=350 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CSxEAwAAQBAJ&dq=hypergonadism+meaning&pg=PA350 |access-date=3 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref> It can manifest as [precocious puberty](/source/precocious_puberty), and is caused by abnormally high levels of [testosterone](/source/testosterone) or [estrogen](/source/estrogen), crucial hormones for [sexual development](/source/sexual_development). In some cases, it may be caused by a [tumor](/source/tumor), which can be [malignant](/source/Malignant_(disambiguation)), but is more commonly [benign](/source/benign).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Grossmann |first=Mathis |date=2018-05-16 |title=Hypogonadism and male obesity: Focus on unresolved questions |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cen.13723 |journal=Clinical Endocrinology |volume=89 |issue=1 |pages=11–21 |doi=10.1111/cen.13723 |pmid=29683196 |issn=0300-0664|hdl=11343/283894 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> Anabolic steroids may also be a major cause of high androgen and estrogen functional activity. Other possible causes include head injuries and brain inflammatory diseases.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Molina PE |title = Endocrine physiology |date=2018 |publisher=McGraw-Hill Education |location=New York |isbn=978-1-260-01935-3 |edition=Fifth}}</ref> Hypergonadism may contribute to symptoms such as precocious puberty and abnormal facial hair growth in females.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=An Overview of Hypergonadism |url=https://ccchclinic.com/an-overview-of-hypergonadism/ |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=CCCHC |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Symptoms ==
Men and women exhibit different symptoms for hypergonadism. A few of the symptoms that men can experience are increased sex drive, early balding, excessive muscle mass, and acne. Women can have symptoms such as, increased growth of facial hair, deepened voice, coarse body hair, and an irregular menstrual cycle.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hypergonadism |url=https://hospitals.aku.edu/pakistan/diseases-and-conditions/Pages/hypergonadism.aspx |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=hospitals.aku.edu |language=en-US}}</ref>

==See also==
* [Hypergonadotropic hypergonadism](/source/Hypergonadotropic_hypergonadism)
* [Hyperandrogenism](/source/Hyperandrogenism) and [hyperestrogenism](/source/hyperestrogenism)
* [Hypothalamus](/source/Hypothalamus), [pituitary gland](/source/pituitary_gland), and [HPG axis](/source/Hypothalamic%E2%80%93pituitary%E2%80%93gonadal_axis)
* [GnRH](/source/Gonadotropin-releasing_hormone) and [gonadotropin](/source/gonadotropin)s ([FSH](/source/follicle-stimulating_hormone) and [LH](/source/luteinizing_hormone))
* [Hypogonadism](/source/Hypogonadism) ([hypoandrogenism](/source/hypoandrogenism) and [hypoestrogenism](/source/hypoestrogenism))

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Gonadal disorder}}

Category:Endocrine gonad disorders
Category:Gynaecologic disorders
Category:Male genital disorders
Category:Menstrual disorders
Category:Animal reproductive system
Category:Intersex variations

{{endocrine-disease-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Hypergonadism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypergonadism) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypergonadism?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.