# Humanetics

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American manufacturer of crash test dummies

Humanetics Type Private Industry Industrial Technology: Safety Equipment, Simulation software, Sensor technology Founded June 2012; 14 years ago (2012-06) Headquarters Minneapolis , United States Key people Christopher O'Connor, President and CEO Products Crash test dummies, anthropomorphic test devices, Active safety equipment Number of employees 750 (October 2018)[1] Parent Humanetics Group Website humanetics.humaneticsgroup.com

**Humanetics** is the largest manufacturer of anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs), commonly known as [crash test dummies](/source/Crash_test_dummy), as measured by market share.[1] Headquartered in [Farmington Hills, Michigan](/source/Farmington_Hills%2C_Michigan), the company is a subsidiary of **Humanetics Group**, itself owned by [Bridgepoint Capital](/source/Bridgepoint_Capital), a [private equity firm](/source/Private_equity_firm).

## History

One of the companies that would become Humanetics was founded as Humanoid Systems in [Beverly Hills, California](/source/Beverly_Hills%2C_California) in 1973 by Sam Alderson, an inventor and engineer.[2] Alderson had previously founded and sold Alderson Research Laboratories, an early manufacturer of dummies for ejector seat testing for the Air Force.[2] Humanoid Systems won large contracts with [General Motors](/source/General_Motors) and Ford to sell crash test dummies for $20,000 each.[2]

In 1990, Alderson Research Laboratories and Humanoid Systems merged to form First Technology Safety Systems (FTSS).[3]

In 1999, FTSS acquired the dummy-development and manufacturing business of the [Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research](/source/Netherlands_Organization_for_Applied_Scientific_Research).[4]

In 2001, FTSS acquired HITEC Sensor Solutions, an American manufacturer of specialized [strain gage](/source/Strain_gage) applications.[4]

In December 2005, FTSS was acquired by Honeywell.[5]

In March 2006, Honeywell announced they were selling FTSS to a private equity firm.[6]

In 2008, Christopher O’Connor, a retired U.S. Army colonel and former General Electric Co. executive with an engineering background became CEO of FTSS.[1]

In 2009, Humanetics was formed by Chicago private equity firm Wynnchurch Capital Ltd. FTSS with Milan Township Ohio-based ATD company Denton ATD Inc.[7] The subsidiaries Humanetics, HITEC Sensor Solutions and Sensor Developments Inc. were placed under a holding company, Safety Technology Holdings Inc (STH), based in Farmington Hills, Michigan.[8]

In December 2013, Wynnchurch Capital Ltd sold STH to San Francisco-based private equity company Golden Gate Capital.[7]

In 2014, the company began producing heavier dummies with a higher [body mass index](/source/Body_mass_index) to more accurately replicate crash results involving heavier humans.[9]

In February 2015, STH acquired FronTone GmbH, an Austrian manufacturer of safety-test equipment.[10]

In February 2017, STH acquired Fibercore Limited, a British manufacturer of specialty optical fibers.[11] Also in February, STH signed an exclusive agreement with AICON [3D Systems](/source/3D_Systems) to provide vehicle safety testing systems.[12]

In February 2018, London-based investment firm Bridgepoint acquired STH from Golden Gate Capital.[13] In March, STH acquired DSD Testing GmbH, an Austrian manufacturer of safety-test equipment.[14] In May, Humanetics began [3D printing](/source/3D_printing) dummies.[15] In October, STH's HITEC Sensors division acquired United Kingdom-based Aero Sense Technologies, a manufacturer of custom sensors for aerospace and industrial customers.[16]

In January 2019, Humanetics and several automakers and suppliers including [BMW](/source/BMW), [Jaguar Land Rover](/source/Jaguar_Land_Rover), [Zoox](/source/Zoox_(company)), [Faurecia](/source/Faurecia) and [Autoliv](/source/Autoliv) formed the Advanced Driving Systems Consortium, to develop seating standards that the NHTSA can use for autonomous vehicles.[17] In February, Safety Technology Holdings purchased laser processing equipment company OpTek Systems.[18]

In July 2020, STH renamed itself as Humanetics Group.[19]

In March 2021, Humanetics Group acquired design firm Human Solutions GmbH and body scanning firm Avalution GmbH, both based in Kaiserslautern, Germany.[20]

In June 2022, Humanetics announces that mg-sensor GmbH, specialists in the design and development of high-quality sensors, [data acquisition](/source/Data_acquisition) and calibration services, is officially joining Humanetics Group.[21]

In July 2022, Humanetics announces the acquisition of ATD-LabTech GmbH, an independent supplier of testing systems, as well as a service and consulting provider.[22]

## Products

THOR 50 ATD

Child ATD - Q10

Humanetics makes a variety of crash test dummies, ranging from newborn infants and adults to the obese and the elderly.[23][24] The company works with agencies and industry groups such as [NHTSA](/source/NHTSA), [Euro NCAP](/source/Euro_NCAP), and the University of Michigan's International Center for Automotive Medicine (ICAM) to design crash test dummies that reflect changing worldwide demographics.[24] The dummy product line-up includes a range of frontal, side and rear impact and child crash test dummies.[1]

The company's most biologically accurate model is THOR (Test device for Human Occupant Restraint).[1] Humanetics developed THOR with funding from the [National Highway Traffic Safety Administration](/source/National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration) (NHTSA).[25] The dummy has 57 sensors that analyze 140 factors such as chest compression, sternum acceleration, and skull shifting.[26] Humanetics produces a THOR-50M representing a 50th percentile adult male, a THOR-5F representing a 5th percentile female, and a THOR-AV 50M and THOR-AV 5F for autonomous vehicle safety testing.[25][*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

The company also produces the [Hybrid III](/source/Hybrid_III), the established standard for a front-end test crash.[1]

Humanetics [3D prints](/source/3D_printing) some of its dummies, a cheaper and faster process versus traditional steel-based dummies, with more durable parts.[15][27] The company uses a micro carbon fiber filled nylon filament from 3D printing company [Markforged](/source/Markforged) called Onyx.[15][28]

The company also develops [active safety](/source/Active_safety) equipment and facilities targeted for [advanced driver-assistance systems](/source/Advanced_driver-assistance_systems) (ADAS) and autonomous cars.[14] This includes UFO Nano, an Ultra Flat Overrunnable (UFO) robot platform used to mimic pedestrian behavior.[29]

Other related products include ATD calibration software, and a range of instrumentation including load cells, accelerometers, potentiometers and IR-TRACCs (Infra-Red Telescoping Rod for the Assessment of Chest Compression).[12][*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

The company holds numerous patents for the assembly of ATDs, along with systems to measure their performance in simulated crashes.[30]

Humanetics' Avalution GmbH business unit specializes in 3D body scanning, and owns the largest international database of human body dimensions and shapes.[20]

Humanetics' Human Solutions GmbH business unit develops Ramsis software, considered the industry standard for ergonomic design.[20] Using the Avalution database, Ramsis allows users to create virtual vehicle interiors and custom 3D avatars to simulate vehicle occupants, for safety and ergonomic testing and development.[20]

## Other Humanetics Group divisions

Humanetics includes multiple business units:

- Avalution GmbH, a 3D human body scanning firm[20]

- Human Solutions GmbH, a design firm that provides CAD models of humans for prototype testing[20]

- Fibercore, a British manufacturer of specialty optical fibers[11]

- HITEC Sensors, a manufacturer of specialized [strain gage](/source/Strain_gage) applications[4]

- OpTek Systems, a manufacturer of laser processing equipment[18]

- mg-sensor GmbH, specialists in the design and development of high-quality sensors, data acquisition and calibration services[21]

- ATD-LabTech GmbH, an independent supplier of testing systems, as well as a service and consulting provider[22]

## Operations

Since 2018, Humanetics Group and its subsidiaries have been owned by private equity firm Bridgepoint Capital.[13] Humanetics has two plants in the United States: one at its headquarters in [Farmington Hills, Michigan](/source/Farmington_Hills%2C_Michigan), where it focuses on instrumentation, and another in [Huron, Ohio](/source/Huron%2C_Ohio).[1][31] The company also has facilities worldwide including The Netherlands; Heidelberg, Germany; Graz and Linz, Austria; Shanghai, China; Bangalore, India; and Tokyo and Nagoya, Japan.[32]

Humanetics Group's President and Chief Executive Officer is Christopher O’Connor.[17]

## References

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Humanetics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanetics) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanetics?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.