# Horns Rev > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Horns_Rev > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Horns_Rev.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horns_Rev > Source revision: 1290323808 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}} {{Location mark | type=thumb | image = North Sea map-en.png | width = 220 | label = | caption = Horns Rev | x% = 75 | y% = 44 | mark = 175-free-google-maps-pointer.svg | mark_width = 14 }} thumb|The Danish Horns Rev 1 offshore wind farm with Horns Rev A substation platform (centre), seen from base of the Blåvandshuk lighthouse. '''Horns Rev''' is a shallow sandy [reef](/source/reef) of glacial deposits in the eastern [North Sea](/source/North_Sea), about {{cvt|15|km|mi}} off the westernmost point of [Denmark](/source/Denmark), [Blåvands Huk](/source/Bl%C3%A5vandshuk).[http://www.geus.dk/publications/geo-nyt-geus/gi034_01.htm Horns Rev], GEUS News nr 4, 2003. Accessed March 2010. For many years Horns Rev was marked by a [lightship](/source/Lightship_Museum%2C_Esbjerg), though that has now been replaced by light buoys.{{cite web|url=http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Danmarks_geografi_og_historie/Danmarks_geografi/Indre_danske_farvande/Horns_Rev|title=Horns Rev|publisher=Den Store Danske|access-date=13 February 2014|language=da}} The reef is the site of the [Horns Rev Offshore Wind Farm](/source/Horns_Rev_Offshore_Wind_Farm).[http://www.hornsrev.dk/Engelsk/Projektet/uk-Projektet.htm Horns Rev Wind Farm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100129161045/http://www.hornsrev.dk/Engelsk/Projektet/uk-Projektet.htm |date=29 January 2010 }}, Horns Rev web site. Accessed 11 March 2010.[http://www.modernpowersystems.com/story.asp?storyCode=2017033 Horns Revolution] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714110540/http://www.modernpowersystems.com/story.asp?storyCode=2017033 |date=14 July 2011 }}, Modern Power Systems 5 October 2002. Accessed 11 March 2010. == Horns Rev offshore wind farm == {{Main|Horns Rev Offshore Wind Farm}} At Horns Rev the Danish Energy company Elsam (now [Ørsted](/source/%C3%98rsted_(company))) built the first offshore [wind farm](/source/wind_farm) in the North Sea. When the first phase was inaugurated in 2002, Horns Rev wind farm was the first large scale offshore wind farm in the world at 160 MW, four times larger than the previous largest offshore wind farm in the world, the [Middelgrunden](/source/Middelgrunden_wind_farm) at 40MW.Morgan, Colin. [http://www.ifremer.fr/dtmsi/colloques/seatech04/mp/proceedings_pdf/presentations/2.%20eolien_offshore_art/GARRADHASSAN.pdf Offshore Wind – State of the Art] page 24 ''[Garrad Hassan](/source/Garrad_Hassan)'', 20 October 2004. Accessed 19 November 2010.Larsen, Jens H. [http://www.middelgrunden.dk/middelgrunden/sites/default/files/public/file/Artikel_WORLD%20SUSTAINABLE%20ENERGY%20DAY%202001.pdf The World's largest off-shore windfarm, Middelgrunden 40MW] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531123634/http://www.middelgrunden.dk/middelgrunden/sites/default/files/public/file/Artikel_WORLD%20SUSTAINABLE%20ENERGY%20DAY%202001.pdf |date=31 May 2020 }} ''Copenhagen Environment and Energy Office (CEEO)'', 2001. Accessed 19 November 2010. A total of 80 [Vestas](/source/Vestas) V80-2.0 MW units, capable of producing 160 MW, were installed by the Danish offshore wind farms services provider [A2SEA](/source/A2SEA) in 2002 with the last turbine coming into operation on 11 December 2002. It receives a guaranteed price of 0.453 DKK/kWh for the first 42,000 hours, paid by electricity consumers."[http://www.ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/energistyrelsen/Nyheder/2014/pso-fremskrivning_2014_19052014.pdf Fremskrivning af PSO-udgifter]" page 4. ''[Danish Energy Agency](/source/Danish_Energy_Agency)'', 19 May 2014. Accessed 17 January 2015. Since 2005, the wind farm has been owned and operated by [Vattenfall](/source/Vattenfall). It cost DKK2bn.{{cite web|title=Horns Reef Wind Farm, Denmark|url=http://www.power-technology.com/projects/hornsreefwind/|publisher=power-technology.com|access-date=1 December 2011}}{{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST|date=June 2016}} A [radar](/source/radar) has shown details of the wind patterns, improving local short-term forecasting.Pinson, Pierre. [http://pierrepinson.com/?page_id=354 Radar@Sea] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031081025/http://pierrepinson.com/?page_id=354 |date=31 October 2019 }}[http://www.posspow.vindenergi.dtu.dk/ PossPOW: Possible Power of Offshore Wind power plants] ''www.posspow.vindenergi.dtu.dk, [Technical University of Denmark](/source/Technical_University_of_Denmark)'' Turbines are laid out as an oblique rectangle of 5 km x 3.8 km (8 horizontal and 10 vertical rows). The distance between turbines is 560 m in both directions. The main method of transport to the first wind park is an adapted [Eurocopter EC-135](/source/Eurocopter_EC-135) helicopter when winds are less than 19 m/s.{{Cite web |url=http://ing.dk/artikel/horns-rev-laerte-vattenfall-lektien-173671 |title = Horns Rev lærte Vattenfall lektien |website=ing.dk |date = 24 January 2015}} Hoisting the workers to and from a small platform on each turbine allows access to the park regardless of sea conditions which would otherwise prevent sailing in the area for a large part of the year. Vattenfall can change a gearbox in a day, and the farm has an availability of 96-97%. Two turbines are burnt out, and are uneconomic to replace with less than 10 years left. In April 2012, most of the Danish [Folketing](/source/Folketing) (parliament) agreed to send out tenders in 2013 for a 400 MW wind farm at Horns Rev called Horns Rev 3, and a 600 MW at Kriegers Flak in the [Baltic Sea](/source/Baltic_Sea), both likely receiving 90 øre/kWh for the first 50,000 hours. This was expected to raise wind power in Denmark above the current 39% of annual electricity production,Rasmussen, Jesper Nørskov. "[http://energinet.dk/DA/El/Nyheder/Sider/Vindmoeller-slog-rekord-i-2014.aspx Vindmøller slog rekord i 2014 ] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106223105/http://energinet.dk/DA/El/Nyheder/Sider/Vindmoeller-slog-rekord-i-2014.aspx |date=6 January 2015 }}" ''[Energinet.dk](/source/Energinet.dk)'', 6 January 2015. Accessed 6 January 2015. which includes the 400 MW [Anholt Offshore Wind Farm](/source/Anholt_Offshore_Wind_Farm).Dyrskjøt, Mette. [http://borsen.dk/nyheder/politik/artikel/1/230943/to_gigantiske_havvindparker_kommer_i_udbud_i_2013.html "Two giant offshore wind park tenders in 2013"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425003945/http://borsen.dk/nyheder/politik/artikel/1/230943/to_gigantiske_havvindparker_kommer_i_udbud_i_2013.html |date=25 April 2012 }} ''[Dagbladet Børsen](/source/Dagbladet_B%C3%B8rsen)'', 23 April 2012. Accessed 23 April 2012.[http://renews.biz/story.php?page_id=70&news_id=1763 "Energinet kicks off 1GW offshore work"]{{dead link|date=April 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ''reNews'', 23 April 2012. Accessed 23 April 2012."[http://www.offshorewind.biz/2013/10/11/danish-officials-seek-experienced-bidders/ Danish Officials Seek Experienced Bidders]" ''OffshoreWind'', 11 October 2013. Accessed 12 October 2013."[http://www.ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/byggeri/draft_for_prequalification_criteria.pdf Draft for prequalification criteria for the tender of Horns Rev 3 offshore wind farm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223231020/http://www.ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/byggeri/draft_for_prequalification_criteria.pdf |date=23 February 2015 }}" ''[Danish Energy Agency](/source/Danish_Energy_Agency)'', 10 October 2013. Accessed 12 October 2013. Some of the area is an old minefield from World War Two.Wittrup, Sanne. "[http://ing.dk/artikel/70-tyske-miner-kan-forsinke-kommende-havmoellepark-174284 70 tyske miner kan forsinke kommende havmøllepark ]" ''[Ingeniøren](/source/Ingeni%C3%B8ren)'', 23 February 2015. Accessed 23 February 2015. Four bidders were qualified for the tender.Wittrup, Sanne. "[http://ing.dk/artikel/raadgiver-om-milliarddyr-havmoellepark-horns-rev-3-er-en-godbid-174144 Horns Rev 3 er en godbid ]" ''[Ingeniøren](/source/Ingeni%C3%B8ren)'', 16 February 2015. Accessed 12 March 2015. [Vattenfall](/source/Vattenfall) won the tender in February 2015, at a price of 77 øre/kWh, well below the 105 øre at Anholt.Wittrup, Sanne. "[http://ing.dk/artikel/saa-er-det-afgjort-svenske-vattenfall-skal-bygge-danmarks-naeste-havmoellepark-174419 Svenske Vattenfall skal bygge Danmarks næste havmøllepark ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226223508/http://ing.dk/artikel/saa-er-det-afgjort-svenske-vattenfall-skal-bygge-danmarks-naeste-havmoellepark-174419 |date=26 February 2015 }}" ''[Ingeniøren](/source/Ingeni%C3%B8ren)'', 26 February 2015. Accessed 26 February 2015. Vattenfall states that they bid unaggressively against strong competition without sacrificing [margins](/source/Profit_margin).Nielsen, Michael Korsgaard. "[http://www.business.dk/oekonomi/vattenfall-vi-har-ikke-presset-indtjeningen Vattenfall: Vi har ikke presset indtjeningen]" ''[Berlingske](/source/Berlingske)'', 12 March 2015. The price reduction contributes to a smaller ["green subsidy" (PSO)](/source/Public_service_obligation) over the next years.Wittrup, Sanne. "[http://ing.dk/artikel/regnefejl-billig-vind-og-sene-kystmoeller-saenker-prisen-paa-groen-omstilling-175113 Regnefejl, billig vind og sene kystmøller sænker prisen på grøn omstilling ]" ''[Ingeniøren](/source/Ingeni%C3%B8ren)'', 27 March 2015. Accessed 27 March 2015.[http://www.ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/energistyrelsen/Nyheder/2015/pso-fremskrivning_marts_2015.pdf PSO prediction] www.ens.dk A total of 49 Vestas V164-8.3 MW units, capable of producing 406.7 MW, will be installed."[https://corporate.vattenfall.com/about-energy/renewable-energy-sources/wind_power/wind-power-at-vattenfall/horns-rev-3-offshore-wind-farm/ Horns Rev 3 offshore wind farm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022222554/https://corporate.vattenfall.com/about-energy/renewable-energy-sources/wind_power/wind-power-at-vattenfall/horns-rev-3-offshore-wind-farm/ |date=22 October 2016 }}" ''[Vattenfall](/source/Vattenfall)'', 27 June 2016. Accessed 29 October 2016. Three transformers were installed in July 2016.{{Cite web|url=http://www.4coffshore.com/windfarms/transformer-units-sent-to-horns-rev-3-nid4077.html |title = Transformer units sent to Horns Rev 3 |website=www.4coffshore.com}} Findings released from an eight-year study about offshore wind farms in Denmark show that the projects "operate in harmony with the surrounding environment".{{cite web |url=http://www.ens.dk/en/supply/renewable-energy/wind-power/offshore-wind-power/environmental-impacts |title=Environmental Impacts | Energistyrelsen |access-date=2015-10-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060706/http://www.ens.dk/en/supply/renewable-energy/wind-power/offshore-wind-power/environmental-impacts |archive-date=4 March 2016 }} The 2006 report confirms that both the Horns Rev and [Nysted](/source/Nysted_Wind_Farm) offshore wind farms will double in size in the coming years.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070926231120/http://www.renewableenergyaccess.com/rea/news/story?id=46749 Denmark to Increase Wind Power to 50% by 2025, Mostly Offshore]}} ==See also== {{Portal|Denmark|Weather|Renewable energy}} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927235319/http://www.hornsrev.dk/Engelsk/nyheder/nyh_dec_02/uk-dec_02.htm Horns Rev Newsletter] * [http://www.lorc.dk/Knowledge/Offshore-renewables-map/Offshore-site-datasheet/Horns-Rev-1-Offshore-Wind-Farm/000010 LORC – Horns Rev 1 Datasheet] * [http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/6/2/696 Wind Farm Wake: The Horns Rev Photo Case (2012)], [http://www.dewi.de/dewi/fileadmin/pdf/publications/Magazin_37/07.pdf Meteorological Explanation of Wake Clouds at Horns Rev Wind Farm (2010)] * Official videos: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0s_XzxWeiFk A wind power station in open sea], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqbpgnzxNJQ Laying cables], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fgorq6kL15M Helicopter transfer], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=23foEDcJ8hU Helicopter rescue exercise] {{Vattenfall}} {{Wind power}} {{Authority control}} Category:Offshore wind farms in the North Sea Category:Wind farms in Denmark Category:Vattenfall Category:Ørsted (company) wind farms Category:Sandbanks of the North Sea --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Horns Rev](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horns_Rev) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horns_Rev?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.