# Helodermoides

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Extinct genus of lizards

Helodermoides Temporal range: Oligocene Fossil of Helodermoides tuberculatus Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Suborder: Anguimorpha Family: Anguidae Clade: †Glyptosaurini Genus: †Helodermoides Douglass, 1903 Type species †Helodermoides tuberculatus Douglass, 1903

***Helodermoides*** is an extinct [genus](/source/Genus) of [anguid](/source/Anguid) lizards from the [Oligocene](/source/Oligocene) of North America. The genus is [monotypic](/source/Monotypic), including only the species ***Helodermoides tuberculatus***. *Helodermoides* belongs to an extinct subfamily of anguids called [Glyptosaurinae](/source/Glyptosaurinae). In addition to many fragmentary bones, several complete skeletons of *Helodermoides* are known. Like other glyptosaurines, *Helodermoides* was covered in small scale-like bones called [osteoderms](/source/Osteoderm). The osteoderms covering its skull are hexagonal, tightly interlocking, raised, and rounded.[1]

One fossil of *Helodermoides* preserves a fused mass of osteoderms at the tip of a shortened tail, thought to represent healing after the end of the tail fell off. The tail would not have been able to grow back because the osteoderms formed a thick bony cap preventing growth. The ability to lose a tail, called [autotomy](/source/Autotomy), is also present in living [anguids](/source/Anguid).[2]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-SA06_1-0)** Sullivan, R. M. & Augé, M. (2006). "Redescription of the holotype of *Placosaurus rugosus* Gervais 1848–1852 (Squamata, Anguidae, Glyptosaurinae) from the Eocene of France and a revision of the genus". *Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology*. **26**: 127–132. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26\[127:ROTHOP\]2.0.CO;2](https://doi.org/10.1671%2F0272-4634%282006%2926%5B127%3AROTHOP%5D2.0.CO%3B2). [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [4524542](https://www.jstor.org/stable/4524542).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-SRM79_2-0)** Sullivan, R.M. (1979). "Dermal armor pathology in the tail of a specimen of the fossil lizard *Helodermoides tuberculatus*". *Herpetologica*. **35** (3): 278–282.

v t e Extinct squamate genera Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Superorder: Lepidosauria Iguania Acrodonta †Anqingosaurus †Barbaturex †Bharatagama †Gueragama? †Xianglong? Agamidae †Indiagama †Suratagama Pleurodonta / Iguanoidea †Anolbanolis †Kopidosaurus †Suzanniwana †Uquiasaurus †Xihaina Corytophanidae †Aciprion? †Babibasiliscus †Geiseltaliellus †Gobiguania Anchaurosaurus Ctenomastax Igua Isodontosaurus Polrussia Saichangurvel Temujinia Zapsosaurus Iguanidae †Afairiguana Polychrotidae †Armandisaurus †Lapitiguana †Pumilia Phrynosomatidae †Desertiguana Other extinct iguanians †Brasiliguana †Hoyalacerta? †Huehuecuetzpalli? †Pariguana †Pristiguana? †Swainiguanoides †Arretosauridae Arretosaurus Dornosaurus Ergiliinsaurus Khaichinguana †Priscagamidae Heterodontagama Mimeosaurus Phrynosomimus Pleurodontagama? Priscagama †Polyglyphanodontia / Borioteiioidea Chamopsiidae Chamops Gerontoseps Glyptogenys Harmodontosaurus Haptosphenus Leptochamops Meniscognathus Pelsochamops Socognathus Stypodontosaurus Trippenaculus Gilmoreteiidae / "macrocephalosaurines" Gilmoreteius Kuwajimalla "Polyglyphanodontines" Bicuspidon Cherminsaurus Darchansaurus Distortodon Erdenetesaurus Polyglyphanodon Sineoamphisbaena? Other polyglyphanodontians Adamisaurus Caninosaurus Funiusaurus Gobinatus Obamadon Olindalacerta? Paleochelco? Peneteius Tchingisaurus Tianyusaurus Tijubina? Tripennaculus Xenodontolacerta Yechilacerta Stem Scincogekkonomorpha Scincogekkonomorpha †Ardeosaurus? †Bavarisaurus? †Eichstaettisaurus? †Jucaraseps †Liushusaurus? †Pedrerasaurus †Scandensia? †Yabeinosaurus? Scleroglossa Gekkonomorpha †Bauersaurus †Norellius Gekkota †Cadurcogekko †Cretaceogekko †Dollogekko †Geiseleptes †Gerandogekko †Gobekko †Hoburogekko †Laonogekko †Palaeogekko †Rhodanogekko †Yantarogekko Stem Autarchoglossa (Evansauria) †Parmeosaurus †Tepexisaurus †Tijubina? †Bainguidae? Bainguis? Eoxanta Globaura Myrmecodaptria Scincomorpha Cordyloidea †Eocordyla †Ornatocephalus †Sakurasaurus Lacertoidea †Cnodontosaurus †Paracontogenys †Purbicella †Polyglyphanodontia? Amphisbaenia †Oligodontosaurus †Todrasaurus Amphisbaenidae †Listromycter †Lophocranion Bipedidae †Anniealexandria Blanidae †Blanosaurus †Cuvieribaena †Louisamphisbaena †Chthonophidae Chthonophis Rhineuridae †Archaerhineura †Dyticonastis †Hadrorhineura †Hyporhina †Jepsibaena †Macrorhineura †Ototriton †Plesiorhineura †Protorhineura †Spathorhynchus †Polyodontobaenidae Polyodontobaena †Contogeniidae Contogenys Palaeoscincosaurus Utahgenys Lacertidae †Amblyolacerta †Camptognathosaurus? †Dormaalisaurus †Dracaenosaurus †Escampcerta †Gracilicerta †Ligerosaurus †Maioricalacerta †Mediolacerta †Plesiolacerta †Pseudeumeces †Pseudolacerta †Quercycerta Teiidae †Brevisaurus? †Meyasaurus? †Ptilotodon †Barbatteiidae Barbatteius Oardasaurus Xantusiidae †Catactegenys †Palepidophyma †Palaeoxantusia Scincoidea †Retinosaurus †Scincoideus †Slavoia Scincidae †Aocnodromeus †Axonoscincus †Ayalasaurus †Berruva †Electroscincus †Estescincosaurus †Gekkomimus †Lavergnesaurus †Orthoscincus †Orthrioscincus †Penemabuya †Proegernia †Pyrenasaurus? Other scincomorphs †Apsgnathus †Calanguban †Chromatogenys †Dakotaseps †Kleskunsaurus †Lonchisaurus †Monocnemodon †Pachygenys †Paleoteius? †Saurillodon †Saurillus †Sciroseps †Webbsaurus †Paramacellodidae Atokasaurus? Becklesius Mimobecklesisaurus Paramacellodus Parasaurillus? Pseudosaurillus? Sharovisaurus Anguimorpha Basal anguimorphs †Chometokadmon †Eolacerta †Paramacellodus †Paravaranus? †Yabeinosaurus? †Mosasauria? see Mosasauridae Includes Aigialosauridae, Dolichosauridae, and Mosasauridae Neoanguimorpha Carusioidea †Carusia Xenosauridae †Entomophontes †Exostinus †Restes Anguidae †Odaxosaurus Anguinae †Fontisaurus †Headonhillia †Helvetisaurus †Ophisauriscus †Ragesaurus Diploglossinae †Apodosauriscus †Eodiploglossus Gerrhonotinae †Paragerrhonotus †Parophisaurus †Glyptosaurinae Arpadosaurus Melanosaurus Gaultia Glyptosaurus Helodermoides Odaxosaurus Paraglyptosaurus Paraplacosauriops Peltosaurus Placosaurus Proglyptosaurus Proxestops Xestops Paleoanguimorpha Basal varanoids / platynotans †Colpodontosaurus †Dorsetisaurus †Eosaniwa †Palaeovaranus †Parasaniwa †Parviderma †Proplatynotia †Saniwides †Telmasaurus Shinisauria? †Acutodon †Bahndwivici †Dalinghosaurus †Merkurosaurus †Provaranosaurus Goannasauria Basal goannasaurians †Aiolosaurus †Asprosaurus †Chianghsia †Estesia †Eurheloderma †Gobiderma †Lowesaurus †Morohasaurus †Palaeosaniwa †Paraderma †Primaderma †Zhongyuanxi Varanoidea Lanthanotidae †Cherminotus Varanidae †Ovoo †Saniwa †Archaeovaranus Other platynotans / varanoids †Arcanosaurus? †Cemeterius †Dryadissector Ophidia See Fossil snakes Indeterminate squamates †Costasaurus †Lamiasaura †Oculudentavis †Schillerosaurus Parviraptoridae? (see Lepidosauromorpha)

Taxon identifiers Helodermoides Wikidata: Q16982953 GBIF: 4821326 IRMNG: 1142626 Open Tree of Life: 4119697 Paleobiology Database: 38003

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