# Hamza Makhdoom

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Hamza_Makhdoom
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Hamza_Makhdoom.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamza_Makhdoom
> Source revision: 1357019367
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

Kashmiri Sufi teacher (1494–1576)

Hamza Makhdoom حمزه مخدوٗم 19th C.E Potrait of Shaykh Hamza Makhdoom at SPS Museum Title Mehboob ul-Alam (Beloved of The World) Sultan al-Arifeen (King of the Gnostics) Personal life Born Hamza Makhdoom 1494 CE (900 AH) Tujjar, Zaingeer, Sopore Died 1576 CE (984 AH) Srinagar, Kashmir Resting place Koh-e-Maran, Srinagar, Kashmir Parents Usman Makhdoom (father) Maryam (mother) Era Shah Mir era Chak Era Region Kashmir Known for Sufism Relatives Ali Makhdoom (brother) Religious life Religion Islam Denomination Sunni Jurisprudence Hanafi Creed Maturidi Muslim leader Teacher Baba Fatehullah, Sheikh Ismail Kabroi Students Sheikh Baba Dawood Khaki, Maulana Shamsu-din Pal, Khawaja Ishaq Qari, Khawaja Hasan Qari, Baba Haidar Tulmuli Influenced by Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, Jahaniyan Jahangasht, Nund Rishi,

**Hamza Makhdoom**, popularly known as **Makhdoom Sahib** (c. 1494 – c. 1576), was a [Sufi](/source/Sufi) [mystic](/source/Mysticism) living in the [Kashmir Valley](/source/Kashmir_Valley).[1][2][3][4] He is sometimes referred to as **Mehboob-ul-Alam** (literally, "beloved of the world") and **Sultan-ul-Arifeen** (literally, "king among those who know God").

## Early life

Hamza Makhdoom was born as Muhammad Hamza Raina in the village of Tujjar near [Sopore](/source/Sopore) in [Baramulla district](/source/Baramulla_district). He was son of Usman Raina and Bibi Maryam who came from a [Chandravanshi](/source/Chandravanshi) [Rajput](/source/Rajput) family of the [Raina](/source/Raina_(surname)) clan.[1] According to tradition, teenage Hamza Makhdoom studied in the Shamsi Cha monastery for a year, and later studied [jurisprudence](/source/Jurisprudence), tradition, [philosophy](/source/Philosophy), logics, ethics and [mysticism](/source/Mysticism) in a [madrasa](/source/Madrasa) founded by Ismail Kubrawi.[1]

## Teachings

A prolific scholar and spiritual preacher, Hamza Makhdoom adhered to the tradition and was a disciple of Syed Jamal Uddin Bukhari of Delhi who was great grandson of Jahaniyan Jahangasht.[1] He directed his teachings specifically to the followers of Islam, and under his influence a part of Kashmir's population truly followed the [Hanafi jurisprudence](/source/Hanafi). He was staunch follower of Shariah and Sunnah.

## Disciples

Hamza Makhdoom himself attracted a number of prominent disciples. Among his most notable disciples were:

Baba Dawood Khaki (d. 1587), a jurist, poet and later Chief Qazi of Kashmir. He authored works such as *Dastur-ul-Salikin*, *Vird-ul-Murideen* and *Qasida-i-Jalaliyya*.[5][6] Allama Shams-ud-Din Pal, an eminent scholar who became known for his spiritual connection with Hamza Makhdoom. He later travelled to Mecca and is reported to have been buried in the cemetery of al-Baqiʿ in Medina.[7] Mulla Ahmad Chagli, a Kashmiri scholar associated with his khanqah. Mir Hyder Tulmuli, a contemporary disciple who promoted his teachings locally. Baba Hardi Rishi and Shaikh Roopa Rishi, representatives of the indigenous Kashmiri Rishi tradition who became affiliated with him, reflecting his role in blending the Rishi movement with Sufi practices. Baba Naseeb ud Din Gazi,[8] Mir Mohammad Afzal, Bayezid Shumnagi, Feroz Ganai, and Mohammad Ali Raina, who carried his teachings into different regions of Kashmir. Through these students, Hamza Makhdoom’s influence extended across the Valley[9]

## Death

He died at an age of 82 in year 1576 (984 AH) in [Srinagar](/source/Srinagar).

Nearly fourteen years after his death, king [Akbar](/source/Akbar) built a [shrine](/source/Dargah) there which was reconstructed during the [Afghan](/source/Durrani_Empire) rule by governor Atta Mohammad Khan around 1821 AD.[10] The shrine, located on the southern slope of [Hari Parbat](/source/Hari_Parbat) Hill and popularly called Makhdoom Sahib and Hazrat Sultan,[11] is an important [pilgrimage](/source/Pilgrimage) centre in Kashmir.

[Atta Mohammad Khan Barakzai](/source/Barakzai_dynasty)[*[who?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions)*] in his honour issued the coins bearing the names of [Noor-ud-Din-Rishi](/source/Nund_Rishi) and Hamza Makhdoom.[12][13]

## See also

- [Nund Rishi](/source/Nund_Rishi)

- [Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani](/source/Mir_Sayyid_Ali_Hamadani)

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Svabhinava_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Svabhinava_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Svabhinava_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Svabhinava_1-3) Yoginder Sikand. ["The Muslim Rishis of Kashmir: Crusaders for Love and Justice"](http://www.svabhinava.org/abhinava/YoginderSikand/RishisCrusaders.php). Retrieved 5 January 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["Makhdoom Sahib"](https://nation.com.pk/05-Feb-2020/makhdoom-sahib). *The Nation*. 5 February 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Shah, Sayid Ashraf (28 November 2021). [*My Musings (Part I): Current Events*](https://books.google.com/books?id=CW5REAAAQBAJ&dq=sheikh+hamzah+makdoom+lived+in&pg=PA261). Ashraf Fazili. p. 261.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Safvi, Rana (21 September 2022). [*In Search of the Divine: Living Histories of Sufism in India*](https://books.google.com/books?id=zkeHEAAAQBAJ&dq=sheikh+hamza+makhdoom&pg=PT213). Hachette India. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-93-93701-16-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-93-93701-16-9).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Shrine Of Hazrat Shiekh Hamza Maqdoomi (RA), a blessing to all"](https://thekashmirhorizon.com/2021/09/22/shrine-of-hazrat-shiekh-hamza-maqdoomi-ra-a-blessing-to-all/). *The Kashmir Horizon*. 22 September 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Ahad, Zeeshan (20 January 2024). ["Baba Dawood Khaki's Spiritual Journey as Sheikh Hamza Makhdoom's Disciple"](https://www.thehimalayanpost.in/Baba-Dawood-Khaki-s-Spiritual-Journey-as-Sheikh-Hamza-Makhdoom-s-Disciple-97887). *the himalayan post*. Retrieved 18 September 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Pen, Kashmir (1 September 2022). ["Allama Shamsu-Din PalAnd His Spiritual Connection withSheikh Hamza Mukhdoom (RA)"](https://www.kashmirpen.in/allama-shamsu-din-paland-his-spiritual-connection-withsheikh-hamza-mukhdoom-ra/). *KashmirPEN*. Retrieved 18 September 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Bhat, Haroon Rashid (22 June 2024). ["Baba Naseeb-ud-Din Gazi - A saint leader"](https://www.greaterkashmir.com/opinion/baba-naseeb-ud-din-gazi-a-saint-leader/). *Greater Kashmir*. Retrieved 18 September 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Bhat, Haroon Rashid. *The Spiritual Garden of Sultan-Ul-Arifeen Sheikh Hamza Mukhdoom RA* (1st ed.). [Nitya Publications, Bhopal](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nitya_Publications,_Bhopal&action=edit&redlink=1). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-81-19147-89-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-19147-89-2).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Raza, Syed Asif (7 October 2021). ["Hazrat Makhdoom: Our Great Saint"](https://www.greaterkashmir.com/opinion/hazrat-makhdoom-our-great-saint). *Greater Kashmir*. Retrieved 1 November 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Makhdoom Sahib in Srinagar"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150105204300/http://www.makemytrip.com/travel-guide/srinagar/makhdoom-sahib-religious.html). Archived from [the original](http://www.makemytrip.com/travel-guide/srinagar/makhdoom-sahib-religious.html) on 5 January 2015. Retrieved 3 January 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** AHMAD, IQBAL (19 March 2022). ["The saints on the coins"](https://www.greaterkashmir.com/todays-paper/op-ed/the-saints-on-the-coins). *Greater Kashmir*. Retrieved 1 November 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** ["Ata Muhammad Khan Barzakai"](http://www.worldofcoins.eu/forum/index.php?topic=25547.0&ved=2ahUKEwjXwIqPn437AhXdzDgGHZISD2AQFnoECBEQAQ&usg=AOvVaw04hgqlJM0meQT2STD6TkfW). *www.google.com*. Retrieved 1 November 2022.

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Hamza Makhdoom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamza_Makhdoom) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamza_Makhdoom?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.