# Hamza Bey > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Hamza_Bey > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Hamza_Bey.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamza_Bey > Source revision: 1350701634 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Ottoman admiral (d. 1460)}} {{more citations needed|date=October 2021}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Hamza Bey | image = Hamza Bey Türbesi 03.jpg | caption = Tomb of Hamza Bey in [Mustafakemalpaşa](/source/Mustafakemalpa%C5%9Fa) | office = Ottoman [Kapudan Pasha](/source/Kapudan_Pasha) | term_start = April 1453 | term_end = January 1456 | monarch = Sultan [Mehmed II](/source/Mehmed_II) | predecessor = [Suleiman Baltoghlu](/source/Suleiman_Baltoghlu) | successor = [Has Yunus Bey](/source/Has_Yunus_Bey) | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = 1460 | death_place = [Wallachia](/source/Wallachia) }} '''Hamza Bey''' (died 1460) was a 15th-century [Ottoman](/source/Ottoman_Empire) admiral and envoy of Sultan [Mehmed II](/source/Mehmed_II).{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uGIMAQAAIAAJ|last1=İnalcık|first1=Halil|title=The Ottoman Empire: Conquest, Organization and Economy|year=1978|publisher=Variorum Reprints|page=116|isbn=9780860780328 }}İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, Türkiye Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1971, p. 9. (Turkish) ==Biography== Hamza Bey first appeared in 1421, when his brother, [Bayezid Pasha](/source/Bayezid_Pasha), tried unsuccessfully to stop [Mustafa Çelebi](/source/Mustafa_%C3%87elebi) from taking [Edirne](/source/Edirne). Bayezid was of Albanian origin and a war captive.{{cite book | last=Imber | first=Colin | title=The Ottoman Empire 1300-1481 | publisher=Isis Press | year=1990 | page=79}}{{cite book | last=Fisher | first=Sydney Nettleton | title=The Middle East: A History | publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul | year=1960 | page=184}} The 15th-century Byzantine historian [Doukas](/source/Doukas_(historian)) described Bayezid as a slave of [Albanian](/source/Albanian_people) origin. Modern historian [Uzunçarşılı](/source/%C4%B0smail_Hakk%C4%B1_Uzun%C3%A7ar%C5%9F%C4%B1l%C4%B1), without citing a source, wrote that he was born in [Amasya](/source/Amasya) as the son of Amasyalı Yahşi Bey, earning him the epithet ''Amasyalı'', meaning "from Amasya," which implied he wasn't a convert or at least not a recent one.{{cite book|title=The Sultan of Vezirs: The Life and Times of the Ottoman Grand Vezir Mahmud Pasha Angelović (1453-1474)|author=Stavrides, T.|date=2001|publisher=Brill|isbn=9789004121065|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ptXG0uA70lAC|page=55|access-date=2014-12-26}} This means their grandfather was an Albanian convert to [Islam](/source/Islam) and joined the Ottoman conquest, settling in Amasya. Their troops defected to Mustafa, and Bayezid was executed; Hamza was spared because [Junayd of Aydın](/source/Junayd_of_Ayd%C4%B1n) took pity on his youth. Hamza avenged his brother when he was appointed [Beylerbey](/source/Beylerbey) of [Anatolia](/source/Anatolia_Eyalet) in 1424: he defeated Junayd, occupied his domains, seized Junayd and his family, and had them executed. Hamza Bey came to prominence, as a commander in [Murad II](/source/Murad_II)'s fleet, during the [siege of Thessalonica](/source/siege_of_Thessalonica_(1422%E2%80%9330)), which in 1430 was ultimately successful. In 1453 Hamza Bey was made commander of the Ottoman fleet during the [Conquest of Constantinople](/source/Fall_of_Constantinople); replacing [Suleiman Baltoghlu](/source/Suleiman_Baltoghlu), when Baltoghlu failed to stop the escape of three Genoese galleys and a Byzantine ship through the Ottoman [blockade](/source/blockade) of the city. In the final assault on the city, in order to prevent defenders from the reinforcing the critical northern and western parts of the wall, Hamza and the Ottoman fleet was to provide diversionary attacks against the sea walls of [Constantinople](/source/Constantinople) in the south, on the [Sea of Marmara](/source/Sea_of_Marmara); and against the dam across [Golden Horn](/source/Golden_Horn) in the east. On the day of the assault, May 29, Hamza's forces were unable to force the [Byzantine](/source/Byzantine) defences, with those troops which managed to gain a foothold being easily repulsed. However, overall the [Ottoman](/source/Ottoman_Empire) assault was successful. Hamza Bey was to remain [Commander of the Ottoman fleet](/source/Kapudan_Pasha) until 1456. After the capture of Constantinople, the Ottoman fleet was tasked with the conquest of the islands of the Aegean; and [Imbros](/source/Imbros), [Lemnos](/source/Lemnos) and [Thasos](/source/Thasos) fell to the Ottomans. However, stalled by the [Knights of Rhodes](/source/Knights_of_Rhodes), Hamza was unable to take the remainder of the Aegean, leaving Christian forces astride the Ottoman route from their new capital to the [Mediterranean](/source/Mediterranean_Sea) proper. ==Death== In 1460, as Bey of [Nicopolis](/source/Nicopolis), Hamza was at the head of an army, tasked to protect an embassy to the [Wallachia](/source/Wallachia)ns. En route back, he and his army were ambushed by [Vlad the Impaler](/source/Vlad_the_Impaler). Together with his men, Hamza was impaled by Vlad, being given the honour of having the highest stake in deference to his rank.{{cite book|title=Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time|author=Franz Babinger|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=1978|page=204}}{{cite book|title=The Sultan of Vezirs: The Life and Times of the Ottoman Grand Vezir Mahmud Pasha Angelovic (1453-1474) (Ottoman Empire and Its Heritage)|publisher=Brill|pages=140–141|author=Stavrides T|year=2001}} According to [Laonikos Chalkokondyles](/source/Laonikos_Chalkokondyles), upon hearing this, Mehmed lost his temper and became angered, so much so that he struck [Mahmud Pasha](/source/Mahmud_Pasha_Angelovi%C4%87), who brought the news. ==Monuments== Hamza's body was recovered by his sons, and was buried in a complex that he had built in [Bursa](/source/Bursa). The complex, which still exists today, consists of a mosque and a number of tombs, including that of Hamza and his family. [[File:Hamzabey Camii 03.jpg|thumb|Hamzabey Mosque in [Mustafakemalpaşa](/source/Mustafakemalpa%C5%9Fa), which has a tomb in its garden]] For his part in the taking of [Thessalonica](/source/Thessaloniki) in 1430, the [Hamza Bey Mosque](/source/Hamza_Bey_Mosque), was built there in his name. Following the 1923 [population exchange between Greece and Turkey](/source/population_exchange_between_Greece_and_Turkey), the mosque fell out of use as a place of worship. After being used for various commercial undertakings, most notably as a cinema, the mosque was bought by the Greek state in 2006 for restoration. ==Personality== [Bertrandon de la Broquiere](/source/Bertrandon_de_la_Broquiere), mentions Hamza as a "very valiant" man. According to him, Hamza's income was around 50 thousand ducats.{{cite book|title=Le voyage d'outremer de Bertrandon de la Broquière: premier conseiller de Philippe le Bon, duc de Bourgogne|author=Charles Henri Auguste Schefer|language=fr|location=Paris|year=1892|page=136}} ==In popular culture== In the movie ''[Dracula Untold](/source/Dracula_Untold)'' by [Gary Shore](/source/Gary_Shore), Hamza Bey was portrayed by [Ferdinand Kingsley](/source/Ferdinand_Kingsley).{{cite web |title=Ferdinand Kingsley |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/ferdinand_kingsley |website=Rotten Tomatoes}} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== *[http://archnet.org/sites/1908 Hamza Bey Complex] at [Archnet](/source/Archnet) {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hamza, Bey}} Category:Year of birth missing Category:1460 deaths Category:Ottoman Empire admirals Category:15th-century Ottoman military personnel Category:15th-century Albanian people Category:Ottoman people of the Byzantine–Ottoman wars Category:Kapudan Pashas Category:Ottoman governors of Anatolia Category:Fall of Constantinople Category:Executed Turkish people Category:People executed by impalement Category:15th-century governors --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Hamza Bey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamza_Bey) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamza_Bey?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.