# Hamina > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Hamina > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Hamina.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamina > Source revision: 1350310933 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{other uses|Hamina-class missile boat}} {{Short description|Town in Kymenlaakso, Finland}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Hamina | official_name = {{lang|fi|Haminan kaupunki}}
{{lang|sv|Fredrikshamns stad}} | other_name = Fredrikshamn | settlement_type = Town | image_skyline = File:Hamina montage.jpg | imagesize = 250px | image_caption = Clockwise from top-left: St. Mary's Church, the [Reserve Officer School](/source/Reserve_Officer_School), the countryside of [Husula](/source/Husula) neighbourhood, a view from the Sailor Pavilion towards Tervasaari and the historical Town Hall. | image_flag = Hamina.lippu.svg | flag_size = 120x70px | image_shield = Hamina.vaakuna.svg | shield_size = 120x80px | image_map = Hamina sijainti Suomi.svg | mapsize = 250px | map_caption = Location of Hamina in Finland | coordinates = {{coord|60|34|N|027|12|E|display=inline,title}} | mapframe = yes | mapframe-marker = town | mapframe-zoom = 8 | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Finland}} | subdivision_type1 = [Region](/source/Regions_of_Finland) | subdivision_name1 = [Kymenlaakso](/source/Kymenlaakso) | subdivision_type2 = [Sub-region](/source/Sub-regions_of_Finland) | subdivision_name2 = [Kotka-Hamina](/source/Kotka-Hamina_sub-region) | leader_title = [Town manager](/source/Town_manager) | leader_name = Ilari Soosalu | established_title = [Charter](/source/Charter) | established_date = 1653 | area_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|area_footnotes|Hamina}} | area_total_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|area_total_km2|Hamina}} | area_land_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|area_land_km2|Hamina}} | area_water_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|area_water_km2|Hamina}} | area_rank = {{Data Finland municipality|area_rank|Hamina}} | population_as_of = {{Data Finland municipality|population_as_of|Hamina}} | population_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|population_footnotes|Hamina}} | population_total = {{Data Finland municipality|population_total|Hamina}} | population_density_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|population_density_km2|Hamina}} | population_rank = {{Data Finland municipality|population_rank|Hamina}} | demographics_type1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics_type1|Hamina}} | demographics1_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_footnotes|Hamina}} | demographics1_title1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title1|Hamina}} | demographics1_info1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info1|Hamina}} | demographics1_title2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title2|Hamina}} | demographics1_info2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info2|Hamina}} | demographics1_title3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title3|Hamina}} | demographics1_info3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info3|Hamina}} | demographics1_title4 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title4|Hamina}} | demographics1_info4 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info4|Hamina}} | demographics_type2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics_type2|Hamina}} | demographics2_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_footnotes|Hamina}} | demographics2_title1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title1|Hamina}} | demographics2_info1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info1|Hamina}} | demographics2_title2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title2|Hamina}} | demographics2_info2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info2|Hamina}} | demographics2_title3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title3|Hamina}} | demographics2_info3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info3|Hamina}} | blank_name = {{Data Finland municipality|blank_name|Hamina}} | blank_info = {{Data Finland municipality|blank_info|Hamina}} | blank3_name = [Climate](/source/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification) | blank3_info = [Dfb](/source/Humid_continental_climate) | timezone = [EET](/source/Eastern_European_Time) | utc_offset = +02:00 | timezone_DST = [EEST](/source/Eastern_European_Summer_Time) | utc_offset_DST = +03:00 | website = {{Url|https://www.hamina.fi/en/}} | named_for = [Frederick I of Sweden](/source/Frederick_I_of_Sweden) }} '''Hamina''' ({{IPA|fi|ˈhɑminɑ}}; {{langx|sv|Fredrikshamn}}, {{IPA|sv-FI|freːdriksˈhɑmn|lang|Fredrikshamn.ogg}}, Sweden {{IPA|sv|freːdrɪksˈhamːn|lang}}) is a [town](/source/List_of_cities_in_Finland) and a [municipality](/source/Municipalities_of_Finland) of [Finland](/source/Finland). It is located in the [Kymenlaakso](/source/Kymenlaakso) [region](/source/Regions_of_Finland) (formerly the [province](/source/Provinces_of_Finland) of [Southern Finland](/source/Southern_Finland)), approximately {{convert|145|km|abbr=on}} east of the country's capital [Helsinki](/source/Helsinki) and approximately {{convert|25|km|abbr=on}} of [Kotka](/source/Kotka), the regional capital of Kymenlaakso. The municipality's population is {{Formatnum: {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Hamina}}}} (as of {{#time: j F Y|{{Data Finland municipality/population count|sourcedate}} }}){{Cite web |url= http://www.vrk.fi/vrk/files.nsf/files/029EEED89C84611BC22575350052CE3A/$file/081231.html |title= Population by municipality as of {{#time: j F Y|2008-12-31}} |access-date= {{#time: j F Y|2010-03-27}} |work= Population Information System |publisher= Population Register Center of Finland |language= fi, sv |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101202145510/http://www.vrk.fi/vrk/files.nsf/files/029EEED89C84611BC22575350052CE3A/%24file/081231.html |archive-date= 2010-12-02 }} and covers an area of {{convert|{{Data Finland municipality/total area|Hamina}}|km2}}, of which {{convert|{{Data Finland municipality/waters area|Hamina}}|km2|abbr=on}} is water. The [population density](/source/population_density) is {{convert|{{Data Finland municipality/population density|Hamina|round=2}}|PD/km2}}. The population of the central town is approximately 10,000. The municipal language of Hamina is [Finnish](/source/Finnish_language). [Highway 7](/source/Finnish_national_road_7) ([E18](/source/European_route_E18)) is the town's road connection to Helsinki, after it was upgraded to a continuous motorway in September 2014. Hamina is also the base of one of the most important harbors of Finland, the [Port of Hamina-Kotka](/source/Port_of_Hamina-Kotka). The port specializes in [forest products](/source/Forestry) and the transit of cargo to [Russia](/source/Russia). One of [Google](/source/Google)'s five European data centers is situated in Hamina.[https://www.google.com/about/datacenters/locations/hamina/ Hamina Data Center - Google Data centers] ==History== [Vehkalahti](/source/Vehkalahti) was as a municipality first mentioned in 1336. At the proposal of Count [Per Brahe](/source/Per_Brahe_the_Younger), the area surrounding the Vehkalahti church (today St. Mary's Church) received its charter in 1653 through the establishment of Vehkalahden Uusikaupunki (Veckelax Nystad in [Swedish](/source/Swedish_language), "The New Town of Vehkalahti"). The town was later destroyed during the [Great Northern War](/source/Great_Northern_War) in 1712.[http://www.hamina.fi/?pid=458&cg=119&sg=458&grp=lang&lang=eng Hamina] [[File:Fredrikshamn 1720.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Plan of the Fredrikshamn fortress town (1723) by [Axel Löwen](/source/Axel_L%C3%B6wen)]] As the commercially vibrant city of [Vyborg](/source/Vyborg) was lost to Russia in 1721, Fredrikshamn (named in 1723 in the honor of King [Frederick I of Sweden](/source/Frederick_I_of_Sweden)) was dedicated to replace it.{{cite web |url=http://www.uppslagsverket.fi/sv/sok/view-103684-FinlandsHistoria1700Talet |title=Finlands historia: 1700-talet |last=Lindberg |first=Johan |date=May 26, 2016 |website=[Uppslagsverket Finland](/source/Uppslagsverket_Finland) |access-date=November 30, 2017 |language=sv}} The town, hitherto a small domestic port with restricted trading privilege's, was granted extensive rights to conduct foreign trade. The Finnish speaking population soon abbreviated the name of the town to Hamina. The reconstruction of the town was completed between 1722 and 1724. The [star-shaped fortress](/source/star_fort) and the circular town plan, designed by [Axel Löwen](/source/Axel_L%C3%B6wen), were based on Central European and [Italian](/source/Italy) [Renaissance](/source/Renaissance) concepts from the 16th century. Fortress towns with a circular street plan like this are quite rare; one example is [Palmanova](/source/Palmanova) in Italy.{{cite journal |last= Kopomaa |first= Timo |year= 2005 |journal= Yhdyskuntasuunnittelu |volume= 43 |issue= 2 |pages= 6–26 |publisher= Yhdyskuntasuunnittelun seura ry (The Finnish Society of Housing and Planning) |location= Helsinki |url= http://www.yss.fi/Kopomaa.pdf |title= Kriisioloihin varautunut kaupunki |language= fi |access-date= 25 January 2009 |archive-date= 4 March 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000444/http://www.yss.fi/Kopomaa.pdf |url-status= dead }} In 1743, Hamina was surrendered to Russia, after the [Russo–Swedish War, 1741–1743](/source/Russo%E2%80%93Swedish_War%2C_1741%E2%80%931743), and the town of [Loviisa](/source/Loviisa) was the next Swedish candidate for an Eastern-Finnish trade center. Hamina became a Russian frontier town, for which a fortress was desirable. The [Treaty of Fredrikshamn](/source/Treaty_of_Fredrikshamn) (1809), by which Sweden ceded Finland, including parts of the province of [Lappland](/source/Laponia_(historical_province)) and [Åland](/source/%C3%85land), was signed in Hamina. Thus Sweden was split, and the eastern half was formed into the [Grand Duchy of Finland](/source/Grand_Duchy_of_Finland), an [autonomous](/source/Autonomous_entity) part of the [Russian Empire](/source/Russian_Empire). In 1812, the previously conquered territories known as [Old Finland](/source/Old_Finland) (including Hamina) were joined to the Grand Duchy. [Hamina Cadet School](/source/Hamina_Cadet_School) was founded in 1819 and was in operation until 1903. One of the most famous students of this school was young [Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim](/source/Carl_Gustaf_Emil_Mannerheim) (1867–1951), later known as the [Marshal of Finland](/source/Field_marshal_(Finland)).{{Cite book|last=Jägerskiöld |first=Stig|author-link=Stig Jägerskiöld|title=Nuori Mannerheim|trans-title=Young Mannerheim|language=fi|year=1965}} In 1920 the [Reserve Officer School](/source/Reserve_Officer_School) began in the same facilities. Because the town was founded next to the Vehkalahti Church, the municipal center had always been inside the town borders. [Vehkalahti](/source/Vehkalahti) and Hamina were consolidated in 2003, and the old coat of arms was replaced with Vehkalahti's coat of arms. The old coat of arms was readopted in January 2013.[http://www.hamina.fi/fi/Kaupunki/Uutiset/2012/05/17/724 Haminan vaakuna vaihtuu - Haminan kaupunki (in Finnish)] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130213062356/http://www.hamina.fi/fi/Kaupunki/Uutiset/2012/05/17/724 |date=2013-02-13 }} Results of the [2021 Finnish municipal elections](/source/2021_Finnish_municipal_elections), resulted in [The Finns Party](/source/True_Finns) being the largest group on Hamina council, in Hamina.{{Cite web|url=https://yle.fi/uutiset/osasto/news/finns_party_gains_ncp_top_as_turnout_dips_in_finnish_local_elections/11979073|title = Finns Party gains, NCP top as turnout dips in Finnish local elections|date = 13 June 2021}} == Main sights == * '''Town Hall:''' Originally built in 1798, it was renovated by [Carl Ludvig Engel](/source/Carl_Ludvig_Engel) in 1840. * '''[Reserve Officer School](/source/Reserve_Officer_School):''' The site which trains reserve officers in the [Army Academy](/source/Army_Academy_(Finland)) of the [Finnish Army](/source/Finnish_Army) * '''Town Museum:''' It is located in a building where King [Gustav III of Sweden](/source/Gustav_III_of_Sweden) and Empress [Catherine II of Russia](/source/Catherine_II_of_Russia) met in 1783.[http://www.hamina.fi/?pid=701&cg=441&sg=701&grp=lang&lang=eng Hamina] * '''Shopkeeper's Museum''' * '''Google Data Center:''' (former [Stora Enso](/source/Stora_Enso) pulp factory) * '''[Hamina Fortress](/source/Hamina_Fortress):''' Built in the 18th century, it is one of the [star fort](/source/star_fort)s in Finland. The corners of the fortress form six [bastion](/source/bastion)s, named after towns in Finland. The Central Bastion was added at the end of the 18th century, and is currently used for cultural events. === Churches === *'''[St. Mary's Church](/source/St._Mary's_Church_(Hamnia))''', previously known as '''Vehkalahti Church''', is the oldest building in [Kymenlaakso](/source/Kymenlaakso). It was originally built in the Middle Ages, but it was burnt in 1821 and the current [neoclassical](/source/Neoclassical_architecture) exterior is designed by [Carl Ludvig Engel](/source/Carl_Ludvig_Engel) and completed in 1828. The church has a museum dedicated to the church life from the 18th century onwards.[http://www.hurmaavahamina.fi/index.php/en/see/churches/28-marian-kirkko-ja-kirkkomuseo Hurmaava Hamina - The 15th century church of St Mary and church Museum] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130217120101/http://www.hurmaavahamina.fi/index.php/en/see/churches/28-marian-kirkko-ja-kirkkomuseo |date=2013-02-17 }}{{Cite web |url=http://www.muuka.com/finnishpumpkin/churches/h/church_h.html |title=Churches in Finland |access-date=2008-02-26 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303201742/http://www.muuka.com/finnishpumpkin/churches/h/church_h.html |url-status=dead }} *'''[St. John's Church](/source/St._John's_Church_(Hamnia))''', formerly known as '''Hamina Church''', was built between 1841-1843. It was designed by Carl Ludvig Engel in the neoclassical style.[http://www.hurmaavahamina.fi/index.php/en/see/churches/30-johanneksen-kirkko Hurmaava Hamina - Church Of St John] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130217113449/http://www.hurmaavahamina.fi/index.php/en/see/churches/30-johanneksen-kirkko |date=2013-02-17 }} *'''[Church of St. Peter and St. Paul](/source/Church_of_St._Peter_and_St._Paul_(Hamnia))''', the [Orthodox](/source/Finnish_Orthodox_Church) church in Hamina, was built in 1837. It was designed by [Italian](/source/Italian_people)-[French](/source/French_people) architect [Louis Visconti](/source/Louis_Visconti). The architecture of the church is combination of neoclassical and [Byzantine](/source/Byzantine_architecture) elements.[http://www.hurmaavahamina.fi/index.php/en/see/churches/27-pietarin-ja-paavalin-ortodoksinen-kirkko Hurmaava Hamina - The Orthodox Church Of St Peter and St Paul] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130217112506/http://www.hurmaavahamina.fi/index.php/en/see/churches/27-pietarin-ja-paavalin-ortodoksinen-kirkko |date=2013-02-17 }} Image:Hamina Ortho6 s.JPG|The orthodox church of Peter and Paul Image:Hamina aerial 2014.jpg|Aerial view of the town Image:Keskusbastioni jossa 58 varastokasemattia.jpg|Central bastion of the fortress Image:Haminan kaupunginmuseo.JPG|The town museum ==Sports== The [pesäpallo](/source/pes%C3%A4pallo) club [Haminan Palloilijat](/source/Haminan_Palloilijat) fields teams in both the men's and women's [Superpesis](/source/Superpesis) national league, playing at [Rampart Field](/source/Rampart_Field). ==Culture== ===Food=== In the 1980s, [sauerkraut](/source/sauerkraut) soup, baked [lingonberry](/source/lingonberry) porridge and ''[läskisoosi](/source/l%C3%A4skisoosi)'' were named Hamina's traditional parish dishes.{{cite book | last=Kolmonen|first=Jaakko | title=Kotomaamme ruoka-aitta: Suomen, Karjalan ja Petsamon pitäjäruoat | page=99 | location= Helsinki | publisher=Patakolmonen | year=1988 | isbn= 951-96047-3-1 | language=fi}} ===In popular culture=== Hamina has served as a source of inspiration for Antti Leinonen, the developer of the video game ''[Road to Vostok](/source/Road_to_Vostok)''; the environment of Hamina and the rest of Southeast Finland was modeled for the game.{{cite web|url=https://www.konsolifin.net/artikkeli/yhden-miehen-pitka-taival-itarajan-taakse-ndash-haastattelussa-road-vostokia-tyostava-antti|title=Yhden miehen pitkä taival itärajan taakse – Haastattelussa Road to Vostokia työstävä Antti Leinonen|first=Tommi|last=Viitanen|publisher=KonsoliFIN|date=7 February 2024|access-date=13 April 2026|language=fi}} ==Twin towns== * {{Flag icon|Denmark}} [Vordingborg](/source/Vordingborg), [Denmark](/source/Denmark)[http://www.vordingborg.dk/cms/site.aspx?p=11431 Vordingborg Kommune har 17 venskabsbyer] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705220455/http://vordingborg.dk/cms/site.aspx?p=11431 |date=2014-07-05 }} * {{Flag icon|Sweden}} [Falun](/source/Falun), [Sweden](/source/Sweden) * {{Flag icon|Estonia}} [Paide](/source/Paide), [Estonia](/source/Estonia) * {{Flag icon|Norway}} [Røros](/source/R%C3%B8ros_Municipality), [Norway](/source/Norway)[http://www.hurmaavahamina.fi/en/info Hurmaava Hamina - Info] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111129004544/http://www.hurmaavahamina.fi/en/info |date=2011-11-29 }} ==Notable people== [[File:Herran Kukkaro, Hamina.jpg|thumb|A house called "Herran Kukkaro", the birthplace of painter [Hugo Simberg](/source/Hugo_Simberg)]] *[Magnus Enckell](/source/Magnus_Enckell) (1870–1925), symbolist painter *[Simo Häyhä](/source/Simo_H%C3%A4yh%C3%A4) (1905–2002), a farmer and [military sniper](/source/military_sniper) *[Tapani Kansa](/source/Tapani_Kansa) (1949–2025), a singer *[Pelle Miljoona](/source/Pelle_Miljoona) (born 1955), a musician *[Hugo Simberg](/source/Hugo_Simberg) (1873–1917), a painter *[Emilie Mechelin](/source/Emilie_Mechelin) (1838–1917), opera singer and pedagogue *[Leo Mechelin](/source/Leo_Mechelin) (1839–1914), a professor, statesman, senator and liberal reformer *[Keke Rosberg](/source/Keke_Rosberg) (born 1949), racing driver *[Meri Toppelius](/source/Meri_Toppelius) (1863–1896), educational theorist ==See also== * [Mariehamn](/source/Mariehamn) ==References== {{Reflist}} == External links == {{Commons category|Hamina}} * [https://www.hamina.fi/en/ Official website of Hamina] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927105327/http://www.hamina.net/opaskartat.php Guide map of Hamina] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060601084812/http://www.elisanet.fi/petri.metsala/kartat/hamina.png Map of Hamina] * [http://www.nortfort.ru/hamina/index_e.html Hamina-Fredrikshamn at Northern Fortress] {{Geographic location | Centre = Hamina | N = [Kouvola](/source/Kouvola) | E = [Miehikkälä](/source/Miehikk%C3%A4l%C3%A4)
[Virolahti](/source/Virolahti) | S = ''[Gulf of Finland](/source/Gulf_of_Finland)'' | W = [Kotka](/source/Kotka) }} {{kymenlaakso}} {{Authority control}} Category:Hamina Category:Cities and towns in Finland Category:Populated coastal places in Finland Category:Grand Duchy of Finland Category:Port cities and towns in Finland Category:Populated places established in 1653 Category:1653 establishments in Sweden Category:Municipalities of Kymenlaakso Category:1650s in Finland Category:17th-century establishments in Finland --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Hamina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamina) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamina?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.