# Halothiobacillus
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{{Short description|Genus of bacteria}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Carboxysomes EM.jpg
| image_caption = ''Halothiobacillus neapolitanus'' with carboxysomes
| taxon = Halothiobacillus
| authority = Kelly and Wood 2000
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
''[Halothiobacillus kellyi](/source/Halothiobacillus_kellyi)''
''[Halothiobacillus neapolitanus](/source/Halothiobacillus_neapolitanus)''
}}
'''''Halothiobacillus''''' is a genus in the class [Gammaproteobacteria](/source/Gammaproteobacteria). Both species are [obligate aerobic](/source/obligate_aerobic) bacteria; they require oxygen to grow. They are also [halotolerant](/source/halotolerant); they live in environments with high concentrations of salt or other solutes, but don't require them in order to grow.
The type species of this genus, ''Halothiobacillus neapolitanus'' used to be members of the genus ''[Thiobacillus](/source/Thiobacillus)'', before they were reclassified in 2000.[Kelly, D.P., and Wood, A.P. "Reclassification of some species of ''Thiobacillus'' to the newly designated genera ''[Acidithiobacillus](/source/Acidithiobacillus)'' gen. nov., ''Halothiobacillus'' gen. nov. and ''[Thermithiobacillus](/source/Thermithiobacillus)'' gen. nov." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2000) 50:489-500.] A further two former ''[Thiobacillus](/source/Thiobacillus)'' spp. were also reclassified as ''[Halothiobacillus halophilus](/source/Halothiobacillus_halophilus)'' and ''[Halothiobacillus hydrothermalis](/source/Halothiobacillus_hydrothermalis)'', both of which were obligate [halophile](/source/halophile)s rather than being halotolerant and showed comparatively low [16S rRNA](/source/16S_rRNA) gene identity to ''Halothiobacillus neapolitanus'' and so were reclassified to the newly designated genus ''[Guyparkeria](/source/Guyparkeria)'' in 2017, as ''[Guyparkeria halophila](/source/Guyparkeria_halophila)'' and ''[Guyparkeria hydrothermalis](/source/Guyparkeria_hydrothermalis)''.[{{cite journal|author=Boden R |title=Reclassification of ''Halothiobacillus hydrothermalis'' and ''Halothiobacillus halophilus'' to ''Guyparkeria'' gen. nov. in the ''Thioalkalibacteraceae'' fam. nov., with emended descriptions of the genus ''Halothiobacillus'' and family ''Halothiobacillaceae''. |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |volume=67 |date=2017 |pages=3919–3928 |url=http://ijs.microbiologyresearch.org/pubmed/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.002222 |pmid=28884673 |access-date=9 December 2017 |doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.002222|doi-access=free |hdl=10026.1/9982 |hdl-access=free |url-access=subscription }}]
==Environmental importance==
''Halothiobacillus'' spp. and other [chemolithoautotrophic](/source/chemolithoautotrophic) organisms play an important role in global carbon and sulfur cycles. They are able to depend entirely on inorganic compounds (CO2 and reduced sulfur) for their carbon and energy needs, but can assimilate some [Krebs cycle](/source/Krebs_cycle) intermediates during [autotrophic](/source/autotrophic) growth.