# Haemanthinae
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> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemanthinae
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{{Short description|Subtribe of flowering plants}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|taxon = Haemanthinae
|image = Haemanthus coccineus - Basel - 2.jpg
|image_caption = ''[Haemanthus coccineus](/source/Haemanthus_coccineus)''
|authority = [Pax](/source/Ferdinand_Albin_Pax){{sfn|Meerow|Clayton|2004}} or [Baker](/source/John_Gilbert_Baker){{sfn|Reveal|2012}}
|synonyms_ref = {{sfn|Meerow|Clayton|2004}}
|synonyms = Haemanthineae ([orth. var.](/source/orth._var.))
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision = *''[Haemanthus](/source/Haemanthus)''
*''[Scadoxus](/source/Scadoxus)''
|type_genus = ''[Haemanthus](/source/Haemanthus)''
|type_genus_authority = [L.](/source/Carl_Linnaeus)
}}
'''Haemanthinae''' is a small [subtribe](/source/subtribe) of [Haemantheae](/source/Haemantheae), and therefore within the African [clades](/source/clades) of [Amaryllidoideae](/source/Amaryllidoideae). It consists of two [genera](/source/genera), ''[Haemanthus](/source/Haemanthus)'', and ''[Scadoxus](/source/Scadoxus)''.
== Description ==
[[File:African Football Lily.jpg|thumb|''[Scadoxus multiflorus](/source/Scadoxus_multiflorus)'']]
The genera of Haemanthinae share brush-like [inflorescence](/source/inflorescence)s, in which the [bracts](/source/bracts) frequently form part of the [pollinator attraction system](/source/pollinator_attraction_system). Not all ''Scadoxus'' form [bulbs](/source/bulbs), while all species of ''Haemanthus'' do.{{sfn|Meerow|Clayton|2004}}
==Taxonomy ==
For the early taxonomic history of these two genera, see Meerow and Clayton (2004).{{sfn|Meerow|Clayton|2004}} [Pax](/source/Ferdinand_Albin_Pax) (1888) treated the Amaryllidaceae as four subfamilies, with two tribes in subfamily Amarylloideae, which consisted of two tribes, Amaryllideae and Narcisseae. The former contained six subtribes, placing ''Haemanthus'' together with ''[Clivia](/source/Clivia)'' in subtribe Haemanthinae.{{sfn|Pax|1888}} [Hutchinson](/source/John_Hutchinson_(botanist)) (1934) subsequently elevated this to [tribe](/source/tribe_(biology)) Haemantheae.{{sfn|Hutchinson|1926}} Later, [Traub](/source/Hamilton_Traub) placed ''Haemanthus'' with ''Choananthus'' (subsequently submerged in ''Scadoxus'') in tribe Haemantheae in his 1963 monograph on the [Amaryllidaceae](/source/Amaryllidaceae).{{sfn|Traub|1963}} Later the Müller-Doblies' created a narrower concept of Haemantheae as a tribe with Haemanthinae as one of two subtribes and two genera, ''Haemanthus'' and ''Scadoxus''.{{sfn|Müller-Doblies|Müller-Doblies|1996}} [Molecular phylogenetic](/source/Molecular_phylogenetic) research has confirmed this placement, with [Meerow](/source/Alan_Meerow) and Clayton (2004) situating Haemanthinae{{refn|group=note|name=note1|They used the spelling "Haemanthineae" in this paper, which differs from earlier authors and is contrary to Article 19 of the [International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants](/source/International_Code_of_Nomenclature_for_algae%2C_fungi%2C_and_plants), which requires subtribe names to have the ending "-inae".{{sfn|McNeill|2012}}}} as one of three subtribes of Haemantheae.{{sfn|Meerow|Clayton|2004}}
=== Phylogeny ===
The Haemanthinae are placed within the Haemantheae as follows:
{{clade
| label1= Tribe '''Haemantheae'''
| 1= {{clade
| 1= Subtribe [Cliviinae](/source/Cliviinae)
| 2= {{clade
| 1= Subtribe '''Haemanthinae'''
| 2= Subtribe [Gethyllidinae](/source/Gethyllidinae)
}}
}}
}}
=== Subdivision ===
* ''[Haemanthus](/source/Haemanthus)'' (21 species)
* ''[Scadoxus](/source/Scadoxus)'' (9–12 species)
== Distribution and habitat ==
''Scadoxus'' is a forest [understory](/source/understory) [herbaceous](/source/herbaceous) genus, most commonly found in the [tropical](/source/tropical) areas of Africa. Haemanthus on the other hand is confined to southern Africa, within the summer and winter rainfall regions of the [Cape](/source/Cape_of_Good_Hope).{{sfn|Meerow|Clayton|2004}}
== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=note}}
== References ==
{{Reflist|20em}}
== Bibliography ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|last=Hutchinson|first=John|author-link=John Hutchinson (botanist)|title=The families of flowering plants, arranged according to a new system based on their probable phylogeny. 2 vols|date=1934|edition=1|publisher=Macmillan|ref={{harvid|Hutchinson|1926}}}} Volume 1: [Monocotyledon](/source/Monocotyledon)ae 1926, Volume 2:[Dicotyledon](/source/Dicotyledon)ae 1934.
* {{cite journal|last1=Meerow|first1=Alan W.|last2=Clayton|first2=Jason R.|author-link1=Alan Meerow|title=Generic relationships among the baccate-fruited Amaryllidaceae (tribe Haemantheae) inferred from plastid and nuclear non-coding DNA sequences|journal=[Plant Systematics and Evolution](/source/Plant_Systematics_and_Evolution)|date=1 February 2004|volume=244|issue=3–4|pages=141–155|doi=10.1007/s00606-003-0085-z|bibcode=2004PSyEv.244..141M |s2cid=10245220|url=https://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=2422&content=PDF|url-access=subscription}}{{dead link|date=June 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Meerow|first1=Alan W.|last2=Snijman|first2=Deirdre A.|author-link1=Alan Meerow|title=The never-ending story: multigene approaches to the phylogeny of Amaryllidaceae|journal=[Aliso](/source/Aliso%3A_A_Journal_of_Systematic_and_Evolutionary_Botany)|date=2006|volume=22|pages=355–366|doi=10.5642/aliso.20062201.29|url=http://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=2425&content=PDF|access-date=25 January 2015|doi-access=free}}{{dead link|date=June 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
* {{Cite web |last1=Reveal |first1=James L. |date=2012 |title=Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium – H |url=http://www.plantsystematics.org/reveal/pbio/fam/allspgfileH.html |access-date=8 March 2016 }}
* {{cite web|last1=Vigneron|first1=Pascal|title=Amaryllidaceae|url=http://www.amaryllidaceae.org//index.htm|website=Amaryllidaceae.org|access-date=23 October 2014|language=French|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104114211/http://www.amaryllidaceae.org/index.htm|archive-date=4 January 2015|url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web|title=Amaryllidaceae: A taxonomic tool for the Amaryllidaceae of the world|url=http://amaryllidaceae.e-monocot.org/|publisher=[eMonocot](/source/eMonocot)|ref={{harvid|eMonocot|2016}}|access-date=7 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304161517/http://amaryllidaceae.e-monocot.org/|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}
* {{cite book|last1=Traub|first1=H.P.|author-link=Hamilton Traub|title=Genera of the Amaryllidaceae|series=Genera of organisms |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015006929270;view=1up;seq=3|date=1963|publisher=[American Plant Life Society](/source/American_Plant_Life_Society)|location=La Jolla, California}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Müller-Doblies|first1=U.|last2=Müller-Doblies|first2=D.|author-link2=Dietrich Müller-Doblies|author-link1=Ute Müller-Doblies|title=Tribes and subtribes and some species combinations in Amaryllidaceae J St Hil R Dahlgren & al. 1985|journal=Feddes Repertorium|date=1996|volume=107|issue=5–6|pages=S.c.1–S.c.9}}
* {{cite book|last1=Pax|first1=Ferdinand|author-link=Ferdinand Pax|title=Amaryllidaceae|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/56456#page/759/mode/1up|pages=97–124|ref={{harvid|Pax|1888}}}}, in {{harvtxt|Engler|Prantl|1888}}
* {{cite book|editor1-last=Engler|editor1-first=Adolf|editor2-last=Prantl|editor2-first=Karl|editor-link1=Adolf Engler|editor-link2=Karl Anton Prantl|title=Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigeren Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen, unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher hervorragender Fachgelehrten 1887–1915 II(5)|date=1888|publisher=W. Engelmann|location=Leipzig|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/4635#/summary|access-date=6 April 2015|language=german}}
* {{Cite book |year=2012 |editor-last=McNeill |editor-first=J. |display-editors=etal |chapter=Article 19 |title=International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code), Adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011 |edition=electronic |publication-place=Bratislava |publisher=International Association for Plant Taxonomy |chapter-url=http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php?page=art19 |access-date=9 March 2016 }}
{{refend}}
== External links ==
{{Amaryllidaceae}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q23012367}}
Category:Amaryllidoideae
Category:Garden plants of Southern Africa
Category:Plant subtribes
---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Haemanthinae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemanthinae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemanthinae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.