# Haemal node

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**Hemal nodes** (**haemel nodes** in British English), also known as **hemolymph nodes** (**haemolymph nodes**) or **splenolymph nodes**, are [lymphoid](/source/Lymphoid_system) organs found in various mammals (especially prominent in [ruminants](/source/Ruminant))[1] and some birds.[2] Hemal nodes were first described by Gibbes in 1884.[3] Hemal nodes appear similar to [lymph nodes](/source/Lymph_nodes) in the structure of its lymphoid follicles and to the [spleen](/source/Spleen) in the structure in its lymphoid cords.[4] It is presumed to have the same function as the [spleen](/source/Spleen).[5]

## References

1. "THE HEMAL NODES". *Journal of the American Medical Association*. **131** (9): 744. 29 June 1946. [doi:10.1001/jama.1946.02870260028009](https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1946.02870260028009)

1. Zidan, M. & Pabst, R. (2004). "Histological, Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Study of the Haemal Nodes of the Dromedary Camel". *Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia*. **33** (5): 284–9. [doi:10.1111/j.1439-0264.2004.00550.x](https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.2004.00550.x). [PMID 15352881](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15352881). [S2CID 34831428](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:34831428)

1. Turner, DR (1971). "Immunological competence of the hemal node". *Journal of Anatomy*. **110** (1): 17–24. [PMC 1271025](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1271025). [PMID 4110862](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4110862)

1. Huang, Y; Cui, Y; Yu, S; He, J; He, Y; Zhang, Q; Liu, P; Pu, Y; Sun, J; Kang, X (March 2019). "Comparison of histological characteristics and expression of CD3 and CD79a among the hemal nodes, lymph nodes and spleens of yaks (Bos grunniens).". *Histology and Histopathology*. **34** (3): 241–256. [doi:10.14670/HH-18-030](https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-18-030). [PMID 30024020](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30024020)

1. Romer, Alfred Sherwood & Parsons, Thomas S. (1977). *The Vertebrate Body*. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 410–1. ISBN 0-03-910284-X.

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