# HaMelitz

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{{Short description|Hebrew-language newspaper published in Imperial Russia (1860–1904)}}
{{Infobox newspaper
| name               = HaMelitz<br/>{{Noitalic|{{Nobold| {{Script/Hebrew|המליץ}}}}}}
| image              = HAMELITZ" (THE ADVOCATE) DAILY WHICH WAS FIRST ISSUED IN ST. PETERBURG DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURY..jpg
| type               = [Weekly newspaper](/source/Weekly_newspaper) (until 1886)<br />Daily [newspaper](/source/newspaper) (from 1886 until 1904)
| language           = [Hebrew](/source/Hebrew_language)
| publishing_country = Russian Empire
| founded            = {{Start date|1860|09|29|df=y}}
| ceased_publication = 1904
| free               = [http://www.jpress.nli.org.il/Olive/APA/NLI/?action=tab&tab=browse&pub=HMZ] Online, searchable Hamelitz editions from the [Historical Jewish Press](/source/Historical_Jewish_Press)
}}
'''''HaMelitz''''' ({{langx|he|המליץ||Defender}}, {{langx|ru|«Ха-Мелиц»}}) was the first Hebrew newspaper in the [Russian Empire](/source/Russian_Empire). It was founded by [Alexander Zederbaum](/source/Alexander_Zederbaum) in [Odessa](/source/Odessa) in 1860.

==History==
''HaMelitz'' first appeared as a weekly, and it began to appear daily in 1886. From 1871, it was published in [Saint Petersburg](/source/Saint_Petersburg). Publication was suspended several times for lack of support or by order of the authorities. In 1893, [Leon Rabinowitz](/source/Leon_Rabinowitz) succeeded Zederbaum as the editor.

''HaMelitz'' was a representative of the progressive or ''[haskalah](/source/haskalah)'' movement, and even so severe a critic as [Abraham Kovner](/source/Abraham_Kovner) admitted that it had been "more useful to the Jews than have the other Hebrew newspapers" (''Ḥeḳer Dabar,'' p.&nbsp;52 ff., Warsaw, 1866). While it was not so literary or scientific as some of its contemporaries, ''HaMelitz'' usually had more news and debates of interest, and was consequently more popular.

[J. A. Goldenblum](/source/J._A._Goldenblum) was for many years associated with Zederbaum in its publication. [Abraham Shalom Friedberg](/source/Abraham_Shalom_Friedberg) and [Judah Leib Gordon](/source/Judah_Leib_Gordon) were the best known of its associate editors. Almost every prominent Hebrew writer of its times contributed to it.

Several collections of literary and scientific articles appeared as supplements to ''HaMelitz'' in Zederbaum's time: ''Ḳohelet'' (Saint Petersburg, 1881), ''Migdonot'' (1883), ''Melitẓ Aḥad Minni Elef'' (on the occasion of the appearance of No. 1,000; Saint Petersburg, 1884), ''Leḳeṭ Amarim'' (1889), and ''Arba'ah Ma'amarim'' (1893). Among similar publications issued by Zederbaum's successor were ''HaYeḳev'' (Saint Petersburg, 1894), ''HaOsem'' and ''HaGat'' (1897), and ''HaGan'' (1899).

''HaMelitz'' was intermittently published until 1903.

==See also==
*[Der Beobachter an der Weichsel](/source/Der_Beobachter_an_der_Weichsel), the first Jewish newspaper

==References==
{{JewishEncyclopedia|article=Ha-Meliz|last1=Wiernik|first1=Peter|last2=Jacobs|first2=Joseph|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/7139-ha-meliz}} 
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.jpress.nli.org.il/Olive/APA/NLI/?action=tab&tab=browse&pub=HMZ Online, searchable Hamelitz editions] from the [Historical Jewish Press](/source/Historical_Jewish_Press)

{{Authority control}}

Category:Newspapers published in the Russian Empire
Category:Defunct Hebrew-language newspapers
Category:Haskalah
Category:Mass media in Odesa
Category:Newspapers published in Saint Petersburg
Category:1860 establishments in Ukraine
Category:Jews and Judaism in Odesa
Category:Newspapers established in 1860
Category:Newspapers disestablished in the 1900s
Category:Publications disestablished in 1904
Category:Defunct newspapers published in Ukraine
Category:Defunct newspapers published in Russia
Category:Defunct Jewish newspapers

{{Russia-newspaper-stub}}
{{Jewish-newspaper-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [HaMelitz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HaMelitz) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HaMelitz?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.