# HMCS Trail

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Flower-class corvette

HMCS Trail History Canada Name Trail Namesake Trail, British Columbia Ordered 14 February 1940 Builder Burrard Dry Dock Co. Ltd., North Vancouver Laid down 20 July 1940 Launched 16 October 1940 Commissioned 30 April 1941 Out of service paid off 17 July 1945 Identification Pennant number: K174 Honours and awards Atlantic 1941–45,[1] Gulf of St. Lawrence 1942[2] Fate Sold for scrapping. General characteristics Class & type Flower-class corvette (original)[3] Displacement 950 long tons (970 t; 1,060 short tons) Length 205 ft (62.48 m) Beam 33 ft (10.06 m) Draught 11.5 ft (3.51 m) Propulsion Single shaft; 2 water tube boilers; 1 4-cyl. triple expansion steam engine, 2,750 hp (2,050 kW) Speed 16 knots (29.6 km/h) Range 3,450 nmi (6,390 km; 3,970 mi) at 12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph) Complement 6 officers, 79 enlisted Sensors & processing systems Radar – SW1C or 2C (later) Sonar – Type 123A, later Type 127DV Armament 1 × BL 4 in (102 mm) Mk.IX single gun 2 .50 cal machine gun twin 2 Lewis .303 cal mg twin 2 Mk.II depth charge throwers 2 depth charge rails with 40 depth charges. Originally fitted with minesweeping gear, later removed.

**HMCS *Trail*** was a [Flower-class](/source/Flower-class_corvette) [corvette](/source/Corvette) that served with the [Royal Canadian Navy](/source/Royal_Canadian_Navy) during the [Second World War](/source/World_War_II). She served primarily in the [Battle of the Atlantic](/source/Battle_of_the_Atlantic) as a convoy escort. She was named for [Trail, British Columbia](/source/Trail%2C_British_Columbia).

## Background

Main article: [Flower-class corvette](/source/Flower-class_corvette)

Flower-class corvettes like *Trail* serving with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War were different from earlier and more traditional sail-driven corvettes.[4][5][6] The "corvette" designation was created by the French for classes of small warships; the Royal Navy borrowed the term for a period but discontinued its use in 1877.[7] During the hurried preparations for war in the late 1930s, [Winston Churchill](/source/Winston_Churchill) reactivated the corvette class, needing a name for smaller ships used in an escort capacity, in this case based on a [whaling ship](/source/Whaling_ship) design.[8] The generic name "flower" was used to designate the class of these ships, which – in the Royal Navy – were named after flowering plants.[9]

Corvettes commissioned by the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War were named after communities, for the most part, to better represent the people who took part in building them. This idea was put forth by Admiral [Percy W. Nelles](/source/Percy_W._Nelles). Sponsors were commonly associated with the community for which the ship was named. Royal Navy corvettes were designed as open sea escorts, while Canadian corvettes were developed for coastal auxiliary roles which were exemplified by their minesweeping gear. Eventually, the Canadian corvettes would be modified to allow them to perform better on the open seas.[10]

## Construction

*Trail* was ordered 14 February 1940 as part of the 1939–1940 Flower-class building program. She was laid down by [Burrard Dry Dock Co. Ltd.](/source/Burrard_Dry_Dock) at [Vancouver, British Columbia](/source/Vancouver) and launched 16 October 1940.[11] She was commissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy at Vancouver 30 April 1941.[12]

During her career, *Trail* had three major refits. The first took place at [Liverpool, Nova Scotia](/source/Liverpool%2C_Nova_Scotia) beginning in April 1942 and lasted until June. The second overhaul was done at [Lunenburg](/source/Lunenburg%2C_Nova_Scotia) from mid-July 1943 until September of that year. Her final significant refit took place from mid-July 1944 until 23 October 1944 at Liverpool. During this refit, *Trail* had her [fo'c'sle](/source/Fo'c'sle) extended.[11][12]

## Service history

After commissioning, *Trail* was reassigned to the east coast of Canada and left [Esquimalt](/source/Esquimalt%2C_British_Columbia) 31 May 1941. She arrived in [Halifax](/source/Halifax%2C_Nova_Scotia) 27 June after transiting through the Panama Canal. In August 1941 she was assigned to Newfoundland Command where she escorted convoys between [St. John's](/source/St._John's%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador) and [Iceland](/source/Iceland). During her service with this unit, she was part of escort groups 17N, N11, N13, and N12. She remained with Newfoundland Command until April 1942 when she departed for a refit.[12]

After returning to service, *Trail* joined Halifax Force in June 1942 escorting convoys between [Labrador](/source/Labrador) and [Quebec City](/source/Quebec_City). During her time with Halifax Force, in late August she picked up survivors from the American passenger ship *Chatham* that had been torpedoed and sunk by [*U-517*](/source/German_submarine_U-517) in the Belle Isle Strait.[11] Six days later on 3 September 1942, *Trail* helped [HMCS *Shawinigan*](/source/HMCS_Shawinigan_(K136)) rescue 17 survivors from the Canadian merchant ship *Donald Stewart*, which had also been sunk by the *U-517*.[11] In November 1942 she was reassigned to the [Western Local Escort Force](/source/Western_Local_Escort_Force) (WLEF). She was assigned to escort group W-6 in June 1943. In April 1944 she was assigned to group W-5 just before departing for her last major refit. In December 1944, after working up, *Trail* joined escort group W-4, which she remained with for the rest of the war.[12]

Following the cessation of hostilities, *Trail* returned to Canada and was [paid off](/source/Paid_off) at [Sorel, Quebec](/source/Sorel%2C_Quebec) 17 July 1945. She was sold for scrap in August 1950 and [broken up](/source/Ship_breaking) at [Hamilton, Ontario](/source/Hamilton%2C_Ontario).[3][12][13]

## Notes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Britain_1-0)** ["Battle Honours"](http://www.britainsnavy.co.uk/Battle%20Honours/A%20Battle%20Honour%20Date.htm#1900). *Britain's Navy*. Retrieved 27 August 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Gulf_2-0)** ["Battle Honours 2"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200902093911/http://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/history/second-world-war/battlegulf/canwarship). *Veterans Affairs Canada*. Archived from [the original](http://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/history/second-world-war/battlegulf/canwarship) on 2 September 2020. Retrieved 18 September 2013.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-lenton_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-lenton_3-1) Lenton, H.T.; Colledge, J.J (1968). *British and Dominion Warships of World War II*. Doubleday & Company. pp. 201, 212.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Ossian, Robert. ["Complete List of Sailing Vessels"](http://www.thepirateking.com/ships/ship_types.htm). *The Pirate King*. Retrieved 13 April 2011.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. (1978). *The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons & Warfare*. Vol. 11. London: Phoebus. pp. 1137–1142.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Jane_6-0)** [*Jane's Fighting Ships of World War II*](https://archive.org/details/janesfightingshi00fran/page/68). New Jersey: Random House. 1996. p. [68](https://archive.org/details/janesfightingshi00fran/page/68). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-517-67963-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-67963-9).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Blake, Nicholas; Lawrence, Richard (2005). [*The Illustrated Companion to Nelson's Navy*](https://books.google.com/books?id=I59v6rkg8egC&pg=PA39). Stackpole Books. pp. 39–63. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8117-3275-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8117-3275-4).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Chesneau, Roger; Gardiner, Robert (June 1980). [*Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-1946*](https://books.google.com/books?id=bJBMBvyQ83EC&pg=PA62). Naval Institute Press. p. 62. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-87021-913-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87021-913-8).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Milner_9-0)** Milner, Marc (1985). *North Atlantic Run*. Naval Institute Press. pp. 117–119, 142–145, 158, 175–176, 226, 235, 285–291. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-87021-450-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87021-450-0).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Macpherson2_10-0)** Macpherson, Ken; Milner, Marc (1993). *Corvettes of the Royal Canadian Navy 1939–1945*. St. Catharines: Vanwell Publishing. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-55125-052-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55125-052-7).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-uboat_11-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-uboat_11-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-uboat_11-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-uboat_11-3) ["HMCS *Trail* (K 174)"](http://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/846.html). *Uboat.net*. Retrieved 27 August 2013.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Macpherson_12-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Macpherson_12-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Macpherson_12-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Macpherson_12-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Macpherson_12-4) Macpherson, Ken; Burgess, John (1981). *The ships of Canada's naval forces 1910–1981 : a complete pictorial history of Canadian warships*. Toronto: Collins. pp. 88, 231–232. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-00216-856-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-00216-856-1).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-miramar_13-0)** ["*Trail* (6112481)"](https://www.miramarshipindex.nz/ship/6112481). [Miramar Ship Index](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Miramar). Retrieved 14 July 2016.

## External links

- Hazegray. ["Flower Class"](https://web.archive.org/web/20221214165524/http://www.hazegray.org/navhist/canada/ww2/flower/). *Canadian Navy of Yesterday and Today*. Archived from [the original](http://www.hazegray.org/navhist/canada/ww2/flower/) on 14 December 2022. Retrieved 27 August 2013.

- ["HMCS Trail"](http://www.readyayeready.com/ships/shipview.php?id=1436&ship=TRAIL). Ready, Aye, Ready. Retrieved 27 August 2013.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [HMCS Trail](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMCS_Trail) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMCS_Trail?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.