# HFLS3

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Galaxy in the constellation Draco

HFLS 3 Observation data (J2000 epoch) Constellation Draco Right ascension 17h 06m 47.8s[1] Declination +58° 46′ 23″[1] Redshift 6.34[1] Heliocentric radial velocity 288866 km/s[1] Distance 12.8 billion light-years (4.0 billion parsecs) (light travel distance) 28 billion light-years (8.6 billion parsecs) (present proper distance) Characteristics Mass 2.7×1011[2] M☉ Number of stars 35 billion (3.5×1010) Notable features Interacting galaxies Other designations 1HERMES S350 J170647.8+584623,[1] [RCP2021] HFLS3

**HFLS3** is the name for a distant galaxy at *[z](/source/Redshift) =* 6.34 (i.e. 12.8 billion light-years), originating about 880 million years after the [Big Bang](/source/Big_Bang).[2] Its discovery was announced on 18 April 2013 as an exceptional [starburst galaxy](/source/Starburst_galaxy) producing nearly 3,000 [solar masses](/source/Solar_mass) of stars a year.[2] It was found using the far-infrared-capable [Herschel Space Telescope](/source/Herschel_Space_Telescope).[2] The galaxy was estimated to have 35 billion stars.[3] It is 10–30 times the mass of other known galaxies at such an early time in the universe.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

HFLS3 was subjected to a follow-up campaign by other telescopes due to its high redness. It was found in the HerMES campaign, which also found other very red sources.[4]

## See also

- [List of the most distant astronomical objects](/source/List_of_the_most_distant_astronomical_objects)

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-SIMBAD_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-SIMBAD_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-SIMBAD_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-SIMBAD_1-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-SIMBAD_1-4) ["NAME HFLS 3"](http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=NAME+HFLS+3). *[SIMBAD](/source/SIMBAD)*. [Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg](/source/Centre_de_donn%C3%A9es_astronomiques_de_Strasbourg). Retrieved 17 February 2018.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-riechers-2013_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-riechers-2013_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-riechers-2013_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-riechers-2013_2-3) Riechers, D. A.; Bradford, C. M.; Clements, D. L.; Dowell, C. D.; Pérez-Fournon, I.; Ivison, R. J.; Bridge, C.; Conley, A.; et al. (2013). "A dust-obscured massive maximum-starburst galaxy at a redshift of 6.34". *Nature*. **496** (7445): 329–333. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[1304.4256](https://arxiv.org/abs/1304.4256). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2013Natur.496..329R](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013Natur.496..329R). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/nature12050](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature12050). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [23598341](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23598341). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [4428367](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4428367).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Despite young age, galaxy births billions of stars | Cornell Chronicle"](https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2013/04/despite-young-age-galaxy-births-billions-stars). *news.cornell.edu*. Retrieved 2018-01-30.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Clements, David L. (2014). [*Infrared Astronomy – Seeing the Heat: from William Herschel to the Herschel Space Observatory*](https://books.google.com/books?id=L29YBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA185). CRC Press. p. 185. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-4822-3727-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4822-3727-6).

## External links

- Cooray, Asantha; et al. (2014). "HerMES: The Rest-frame UV Emission and a Lensing Model for the z = 6.34 Luminous Dusty Starburst Galaxy HFLS3". *The Astrophysical Journal*. **790** (1): 40. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[1404.1378](https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.1378). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2014ApJ...790...40C](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014ApJ...790...40C). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1088/0004-637X/790/1/40](https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F790%2F1%2F40). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [119280917](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:119280917).

- [Study of the environmentof HFLS3 an extremestarburst at z=6.34](http://sf2a.eu/semaine-sf2a/2015/posterpdfs/155_78_21.pdf) (.pdf)

v t e Galaxies Morphology Disc Thick disk Thin disk Lenticular barred unbarred Spiral anemic barred flocculent grand design intermediate Magellanic unbarred Dwarf galaxy elliptical irregular spheroidal spiral Elliptical galaxy cD Irregular barred Peculiar Ring Polar Structure Active galactic nucleus Bar Bulge Central massive object Galactic Center Dark matter halo Disc Disc galaxy Halo corona Galactic plane Galactic ridge Interstellar medium Protogalaxy Galaxy filament Spiral arm Supermassive black hole Ultramassive Active nuclei Blazar BL Lacertae object LINER Little red dot Markarian Quasar Radio X-shaped DRAGN Relativistic jet Seyfert Energetic galaxies Lyman-alpha emitter Lyman-break Luminous infrared ULIRG HLIRG ELIRG Starburst blue compact dwarf blueberry pea faint blue Luminous infrared galaxy Hot dust-obscured Green bean galaxy Hanny's Voorwerp Wolf-Rayet galaxy Low activity Low surface brightness Ultra diffuse Dark galaxy Red nugget Blue Nugget Dead disk Interaction Binary galaxy Field Galactic tide Groups and clusters group cluster Brightest cluster galaxy fossil group Interacting merger collision cannibalism Jellyfish Satellite Stellar stream Superclusters Walls Voids and supervoids void galaxy Lists Galaxies Galaxies named after people Largest Smallest Nearest Polar-ring Ring Spiral Groups and clusters Large quasar groups Quasars List of the most distant astronomical objects Starburst galaxies Superclusters Voids Related Extragalactic astronomy Galactic astronomy Galactic coordinate system Galactic habitable zone Galactic magnetic fields Galactic orientation Galactic quadrant Galaxy color–magnitude diagram Galaxy formation and evolution Galaxy rotation curve Gravitational lens Gravitational microlensing Illustris project Intergalactic dust Intergalactic stars Intergalactic travel Population III stars Galaxy X (galaxy) Category Portal

v t e Constellation of Draco List of stars in Draco Draco in Chinese astronomy Stars Bayer α (Thuban) β (Rastaban) γ (Eltanin) δ (Altais) ε (Tyl) ζ (Aldhibah) η (Athebyne) θ ι (Edasich) κ λ (Giausar) μ (Alrakis) ν (Kuma) ξ (Grumium) ο π ρ σ (Alsafi) τ υ φ χ ψ1 (Dziban) ψ2 ω Flamsteed 4 6 7 (Tianyi) 8 (Taiyi) 10 (i) 15 (A) 18 (g) 19 (h) 26 36 39 (b) 42 (Fafnir) 45 (d) 50 59 64 (e) 68 Variable TW YY AG BY CL CM CX DO EK HP V581 HR 3751 4126 4934 5811 6237 6518 6618 (Alruba) 6817 7137 7783 HD 109246 (Funi) 101364 128717 147379 156279 158259 176693 191939 Other 2MASS 1237+6526 2MASS J17554042+6551277 G 240-72 GD 356 Gliese 420 Gliese 625 Gliese 687 GRW +70 8247 Kepler-4 Kepler-10 Kepler-12 Kepler-90 Kepler-296 KOI-256 LP 71-82 Qatar-1 SDSS J1240+6710 Struve 2398 TOI-1136 WD 1856+534 WISE 1647+5632 WISE 1841+7000 Exoplanets HD 139357 b HD 167042 b ι Dra b (Hypatia) Kepler-4b Kepler-10b c Kepler-12b Kepler-90e f g h i Kepler-296b c d e f TOI-1452 b TrES-2b Star clusters LAMOST 1 Nebulae Cat's Eye Nebula NGC 6742 Galaxies NGC 3147 3197 3735 4121 4125 4221 4236 4319 4331 4332 4363 4441 4513 4545 4589 5678 5777 5866 5866B 5879 5905 5907 5949 5963 5965 5982 5985 6090 6248 6285 6286 6338 6340 6365 6373 6394 6412 6503 6505 6566 6621 6622 6670 6676 6786 6789 Other 1ES 1927+654 1ES 1959+650 3C 249.1 3C 305 3C 319 3C 343 3C 343.1 3C 351 3C 356 3C 371 3C 380 3C 390.3 3C 401 4C +72.26 4C 73.08 8C 1241+735 Abell 2218 BCG Bean galaxy Beaver galaxy BZQ J1727+5510 Draco Dwarf Draco II GB 1508+5714 Goldfish galaxy H1821+643 HFLS3 IERS B1946+708 IRAS F17179+5444 IRAS 18580+6527 J120011.1+680924.8 KKR 25 Markarian 817 Markarian 876 Original TRG PGC 39058 Porphyrion QSO B1823+568 RGZ J172749.5+534647 S5 1803+784 S5 2007+777 SDSS J1715+6008 Tadpole Galaxy UGC 9391 UGC 9405 UGC 11241 UGC 11411 WISEA J145223.62+611707.5 WN B1851+5707 Galaxy clusters Abell 2218 CL1358+62 Draco Supercluster NGC 5866 Group Astronomical events SN 2003jb SN 2005B SN 2016aps Swift J1644+57 Category

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