# Gulfstream G100

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Gulfstream_G100
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Gulfstream_G100.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulfstream_G100
> Source revision: 1355087251
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

Business jet

G100 General information Type Business jet Manufacturer Gulfstream Aerospace Status In service Primary user United States Navy Number built 265: 145 Astra/G100[1] + 120 G150[2] History Manufactured 1985–2017[2] First flight 1984 Developed from IAI Westwind Developed into Gulfstream G200

The **Gulfstream G100**, formerly known as the **IAI Astra**, is an [Israel Aerospace Industries](/source/Israel_Aerospace_Industries)-manufactured twin-engine [business jet](/source/Business_jet), that was produced for [Gulfstream Aerospace](/source/Gulfstream_Aerospace). Deliveries began in 1986. The [United States Navy](/source/United_States_Navy) employs the aircraft as the **C-38A Courier**. A later derivative known as the **G150** was launched in 2002. Gulfstream announced the final sale of the G150 in September 2016 and the last delivery by mid-2017.[2]

## Design and development

IAI Astra at the 1988 Paris Air Show

[Israel Aerospace Industries](/source/Israel_Aerospace_Industries) (IAI) developed the Astra from its [Model 1124 Westwind](/source/IAI_Westwind) business jet. Work on an improved Westwind began in the late 1970s,[3] with the first prototype flight on 19 March 1984.[4] The first production Astra flew on 20 March 1985, with [FAA](/source/FAA) certification granted on 29 August 1985 and customer deliveries starting in 1986.[4]

The original 1125 Astra was replaced by the **Astra SP**, announced in 1989; 37 were built. The third variant, the *Astra SPX*, flew for the first time in August 1994. This variant was renamed G100 from September 2002 following Gulfstream's acquisition of [Galaxy Aerospace](/source/Gulfstream_Aerospace), which held the Astra [type certificate](/source/Type_certificate), in May 2001.

In September 2002, Gulfstream announced the improved **G150**, based on the G100. This last variant features a wider (12 in) and longer fuselage (16 in aft of rear pressure bulkhead) updated [avionics](/source/Avionics) and an increase in [maximum takeoff weight](/source/Maximum_takeoff_weight) (MTOW) to 26,100 pounds (11,839 kg) compared to the G100's MTOW of 24,650 pounds (11,181 kg). It first flew on 3 May 2005 and was certified by the FAA in late 2005.[5][6] It has been certified for the steeper-than-normal approach path required to land at [London City Airport](/source/London_City_Airport).[7] IAI continued to manufacture G150s in Israel and the completed airframes were then flown to [Dallas](/source/Dallas) in the U.S. for interior outfitting. In September 2016, Gulfstream announced that, owing to slow sales, production would be stopped, with delivery of the final aircraft due in mid-2017.[8]

The Astra was further developed in the 1990s; the wing was modified and mated to a completely new fuselage. This development became the IAI Galaxy (later the [Gulfstream G200](/source/Gulfstream_G200)).[9]

By 2018, Gulfstream G150s from 2006–2008 were in the range of $3.8 to $4.8 million.[10]

## Operational history

C-38A (G100) and [Boeing C-40 Clipper](/source/Boeing_C-40_Clipper) of the United States [Air National Guard](/source/Air_National_Guard)

The G100 was ordered for the [United States Air Force](/source/United_States_Air_Force) in 1997 as the *C-38A Courier*. The C-38A was operated by the [201st Airlift Squadron](/source/201st_Airlift_Squadron) at [Andrews Air Force Base](/source/Andrews_Air_Force_Base) in Maryland until 2015. The C-38A replaced the earlier [Learjet C-21](/source/Learjet_35%2F36). The C-38A differs from the standard Gulfstream G100, being fitted with various military avionics systems.[11]

The C-38A was also ordered for the [United States Navy](/source/United_States_Navy), replacing [North American T-2 Buckeyes](/source/North_American_T-2_Buckeye) at [Naval Air Station Patuxent River](/source/Naval_Air_Station_Patuxent_River) beginning in September 2015. Two aircraft remain in service as of 2023, both former [201st Airlift Squadron](/source/201st_Airlift_Squadron) C-38's. The C-38 is tasked with acting as a [chase plane](/source/Chase_plane), radar test target, and pilot proficiency aircraft for the test and evaluation squadron [VX-20](/source/VX-20).[12]

In 2012, an IAI Astra operated by the [Eritrean Air Force](/source/Eritrean_Air_Force) as the Eritrean presidential aircraft was stolen by two pilots, both serving Eritrean Air Force officers. They flew the Astra to Saudi Arabia and requested political asylum after landing at [Jizan Regional Airport](/source/Jizan_Regional_Airport).[13]

## Variants

The updated G150 has a larger fuselage and a new nose

**IAI 1125 Astra**
- Original version, powered by two 16.46 kilonewtons (3,700 lbf) [Garrett TFE731](/source/Garrett_TFE731)-3A-200G turbofans.[14] A total of 32 built.[15]

**IAI 1125 Astra SP**
- Version with modified aerodynamics (giving 53 nautical miles (61 mi; 98 km) increase in range), improved avionics and revised interior.[16] A total of 36 built from 1990.[17]

**IAI 1125 Astra SPX**
- More powerful (18.90 kilonewtons (4,250 lbf) Honeywell TFE-731-40R-200G) engines and fitted with [winglets](/source/Wingtip_device). Increased weights and range. - **Gulfstream G100**

- marketing name of the IAI 1125 after the programme was taken over by Gulfstream Aerospace in 2001.[15] A total of 77 Astra SPX and G100 aircraft were built.[1]

**Gulfstream G150**
- Improved version of G100 with wider and longer cabin, a revised nose and uprated (19.7 kilonewtons (4,400 lbf)) engines.[1] Nearly 120 were in service in 2016.[2]

## Notable accidents and incidents

- On March 10 2024, an IAI 1125 Astra SP registration N1125A crashed on approach to Ingalls Field Airport, [Hot Springs, Virginia](/source/Hot_Springs%2C_Virginia). It struck trees and hillside terrain short of the runway. The aircraft was owned and operated by SkyJet Elite and had 5 people on board at the time of the accident.[18][19]

## Operators

**[Eritrea](/source/Eritrea)**

- [Eritrean Air Force](/source/Eritrean_Air_Force) one 1125 Astra aircraft operated as presidential transport[13]

**[India](/source/India)**

- [Indian Air Force](/source/Indian_Air_Force) operates two Gulfstream G100s.[20]

**[Taiwan](/source/Taiwan)**

- [AIDC](/source/Aerospace_Industrial_Development_Corporation) operates one Astra SPX aircraft as a target tug[21]

**[United States](/source/United_States)**

- [United States Navy](/source/United_States_Navy) operates two former USAF C-38A Astra SPX - [VX-20](/source/VX-20) – [Naval Air Station Patuxent River](/source/Naval_Air_Station_Patuxent_River), Maryland[22]

- **[Canada](/source/Canada)**

- SkyCare Air Ambulance operates one Astra SP (C-FDAX) out of [Region of Waterloo International Airport](/source/Region_of_Waterloo_International_Airport) base.

## Specifications (G-100)

*Data from* Jane's All The World's Aircraft 2003–2004[23]

**General characteristics**

- **Crew:** 2

- **Capacity:** 6–9 passengers

- **Length:** 16.94 m (55 ft 7 in)

- **Wingspan:** 16.64 m (54 ft 7 in) (over winglets)

- **Height:** 5.54 m (18 ft 2 in)

- **Wing area:** 29.41 m2 (316.6 sq ft)

- **[Aspect ratio](/source/Aspect_ratio_(aeronautics)):** 8.8:1

- **[Airfoil](/source/Airfoil):** IAI Sigma-2

- **Empty weight:** 6,214 kg (13,700 lb)

- **Max takeoff weight:** 11,181 kg (24,650 lb)

- **Fuel capacity:** 4,910 L (1,300 US gal; 1,080 imp gal) usable

- **Powerplant:** 2 × [Honeywell TFE731](/source/Garrett_TFE731)-40-R-200G [turbofans](/source/Turbofan), 18.9 kN (4,250 lbf) thrust each

**Performance**

- **Maximum speed:** Mach 0.875

- **Cruise speed:** 896 km/h (557 mph, 484 kn)

- **Range:** 5,462 km (3,394 mi, 2,949 nmi) (max fuel, four passengers)

- **Service ceiling:** 14,000 m (45,000 ft)

- **Rate of climb:** 19.33 m/s (3,805 ft/min)

- **Fuel consumption:** 1750 lb. per hour[24]

**Avionics**

- Collins Pro Line 4

## See also

**Related development**

- [Gulfstream G200](/source/Gulfstream_G200)

**Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era**

- [Learjet 75](/source/Learjet_75)

- [Cessna Citation Latitude](/source/Cessna_Citation_Latitude)

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FGtestG150_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FGtestG150_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-FGtestG150_1-2) Gerzanics, Mike (28 February 2006). ["FLIGHT TEST: Gulfstream G150 – Space Machine"](https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/flight-test-gulfstream-g150-space-machine-205152/). Flightglobal.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-20160928PR_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-20160928PR_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-20160928PR_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-20160928PR_2-3) ["Gulfstream sells final G150, marks end of 10-year production run"](https://web.archive.org/web/20190706134124/https://www.gulfstreamnews.com/news/gulfstream-sells-final-g150-marks-end-of-10-year-production-run) (Press release). Gulfstream. 28 September 2016. Archived from [the original](http://gulfstreamnews.com/news/gulfstream-sells-final-g150-marks-end-of-10-year-production-run) on 6 July 2019. Retrieved 20 October 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-AI_DEC93p314_3-0)** Relman 1993, p. 314.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-AI_DEC93p316_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-AI_DEC93p316_4-1) Relman 1993, p. 316.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["First Flight: Gulfstream G150"](http://www.aero-news.net/index.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=f1f50e3c-0cc7-425a-800f-20401e03ac4c). *Aero-News Network*. 3 May 2005. Retrieved 22 September 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-TCDS_6-0)** ["FAA Type Certificate Data Sheet No. A16NM Revision 8 – Gulfstream Aerospace 1125 Westwind Astra; Astra SPX; Gulfstream 100; Gulfstream G150"](https://web.archive.org/web/20161115140152/http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/c3b99d33d92d16bc862572e300697f82/$FILE/A16NM.pdf) (PDF). 23 May 2007. Archived from [the original](http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/c3b99d33d92d16bc862572e300697f82/$FILE/A16NM.pdf) (PDF) on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-awG150_7-0)** [G150 Steep Approach to London City approaches reach 5.5 degrees](http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/video/?fr_story=bac3ee4dba2a6e373d3c1d1a8da86820cc4036c3&rf=bm) *[Aviation Week](/source/Aviation_Week)*. Accessed: 9 January 2011.[*[dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Sarsfield, Kate (28 September 2016). ["Gulfstream calls time on struggling G150"](https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/gulfstream-calls-time-on-struggling-g150-429851/). *Flightglobal*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["The Israel IAI-1126 Galaxy/Gulfstream G200"](http://www.airliners.net/aircraft-data/stats.main?id=226)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-AINdec2018_10-0)** Mark Huber (December 2018). ["For many models, market hitting the apex"](https://web.archive.org/web/20181227181555/https://www.ainonline.com/sites/default/files/full-issues/ain_1218.pdf) (PDF). *Aviation International News*. pp. 20–21, 24. Archived from [the original](https://www.ainonline.com/sites/default/files/full-issues/ain_1218.pdf) (PDF) on 27 December 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["C-38 Courier"](http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/c-38.htm). *www.globalsecurity.org*. Retrieved 24 April 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-paxriver_12-0)** [T-2C Buckeye ends 56-year Navy career](http://www.navair.navy.mil/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.NavairNewsStory&id=6069) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20151003115053/http://www.navair.navy.mil/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.NavairNewsStory&id=6069) 3 October 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) *[Naval Air Systems Command](/source/Naval_Air_Systems_Command)*

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Eritrea_13-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Eritrea_13-1) Oliva, Leandro (7 October 2012). ["REPORT: Air Force Captains Steal Eritrean Presidential Jet, Defect to Saudi Arabia"](https://www.businessinsider.com/air-force-captains-steal-eritrean-presidential-jet-defect-to-saudi-arabia-2012-10?r=US&IR=T). *Business Insider*. Allure Media. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180420135731/https://www.businessinsider.com.au/air-force-captains-steal-eritrean-presidential-jet-defect-to-saudi-arabia-2012-10?r=US&IR=T) from the original on 20 April 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-jawa93_p182-3_14-0)** Lambert 1993, pp. 182–183.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-jawa03_p623_15-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-jawa03_p623_15-1) Jackson 2003, p. 623.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-jawa93_p182_16-0)** Lambert 1993, p. 182.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-jawa03_p622–623_17-0)** Jackson 2003, pp. 622–623.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** ["Accident IAI 1125 Astra SP N1125A"](https://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/354203). *aviation-safety.net*. Retrieved 25 March 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** ["N1125A (1990 ISRAEL AIRCRAFT INDUSTRIES 1125 WESTWIND ASTRA owned by AVIATION TRUST COMPANY LLC TRUSTEE) Aircraft Registration"](http://www.flightaware.com/resources/registration/N1125A). *FlightAware*. Retrieved 25 March 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** Hoyle *Flight International* 8–14 December 2015, p. 39.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** ["TRADE REGISTERS"](https://web.archive.org/web/20100414022558/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php). *armstrade.sipri.org*. SIPRI. Archived from [the original](http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php) on 14 April 2010. Retrieved 28 May 2019.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** ["NAVAIR C-38"](https://www.navair.navy.mil/product/C-38). *navair.navy.mil*. Retrieved 6 January 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-jawa03_p623-4_23-0)** Jackson 2003, pp. 623–624.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-AW161027_24-0)** David Esler (27 October 2016). ["Honeywell's Super-Midsize HTF7000 Engine"](http://aviationweek.com/bca/honeywell-s-super-midsize-htf7000-engine). *Business & Commercial Aviation*. Aviation Week.

- Hoyle, Craig (8–14 December 2015). "World Air Forces Directory". *[Flight International](/source/Flight_International)*. Vol. 188, no. 5517. pp. 26–53. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0015-3710](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0015-3710).

- Jackson, Paul, ed. (2003). *Jane's All The World's Aircraft 2003–2004*. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Information Group. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7106-2537-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7106-2537-5).

- Lambert, Mark, ed. (1993). *Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1993–1994*. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Data Division. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7106-1066-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7106-1066-1).

- Relman, Paul (December 1993). "IAI Astra: Israel's star-struck biz jet". *[Air International](/source/Air_International)*. Vol. 45, no. 6. pp. 313–319. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0306-5634](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0306-5634).

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Gulfstream G100](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gulfstream_G100).

- ["C-38 Courier"](http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/c-38.htm). [Globalsecurity.org](/source/Globalsecurity.org). 7 July 2011.

- ["Gulfstream's Generous G150"](http://d16bsf97ryvc45.cloudfront.net/Media/2013/01/g150.pdf) (PDF). *Business & Commercial Aviation*. November 2005.

v t e Gulfstream aircraft Grumman G-159 G-1159 G-I G-II American Jet Industries/ Gulfstream American Hustler Peregrine 600 Peregrine Gulfstream 550 690C 690D 695 695A 695B Jetprop 840 Jetprop 900 Jetprop 980 Jetprop 1000 Jetprop 1200 Peregrine 600 Peregrine 100 G-1159A G-1159B G-IV GIV-X G-V GV-SP GVI GVII G100/G150 G200 G280 G-IIB G-III G-IV/GIV-SP G-V G300/G350/G400/G450 G500/G550 G500/G600 G650/G650ER G700/G800 Military versions C-4 C-11 C-20 C-20F/G/H C-37A C-37B C-38A X-54

v t e Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) aircraft and missiles Fighter aircraft Nesher Kfir Nammer Lavi Other military aircraft Arava Seascan Tzukit1 Business jets Westwind Astra / G100 Galaxy / G200 / G250 G280 UAVs Scout Pioneer Hunter Ranger2 Searcher Bird-Eye I-View Heron 1 Super Heron (Heron HF) Eitan (Heron TP) Panther Ghost Pawan Loitering munitions Harpy 1 Harop (Harpy 2) Harpy NG Green Dragon Rotem L Missiles Shavit Jericho LAHAT Nimrod Barak 13 Barak 84 Gabriel JUMPER LORA Arrow5 Arrow 35 SkySniper Wind Demon Rampage 1 Under license from Fouga. • 2 Joint venture with RUAG. • 3 Joint venture with Rafael. • 4 Joint venture with DRDO. • 5 Joint venture with Boeing.

v t e United States military transport aircraft designations, Army/Air Force and Tri-Service systems Army/Air Force sequence (1925–1962) C-1 C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5 C-6 C-7 C-8 C-9 C-10 C-11 C-12 C-131 C-14 C-15 C-16 C-17 C-18 C-19 C-20 C-21 C-22 C-23 C-24 C-25 C-26 C-27 C-28 C-29 C-30 C-31 C-32 C-33 C-34 C-35 C-36 C-37 C-38 C-39 C-40 C-41 C-41A C-42 C-43 C-44 C-45 C-46 C-47 C-47F C-47T AC-47 C-48 C-49 C-50 C-51 C-52 C-53 C-54 C-55 C-56 C-57 C-58 C-59 C-60 C-61 C-62 C-63 C-64 C-65 C-66 C-67 C-68 C-69 C-70 C-70B C-71 C-72 C-73 C-74 C-75 C-76 C-77 C-77B–D C-78 C-79 C-80 C-81 C-82 C-83 C-83A C-83B C-84 C-85 C-86 C-87 C-88 C-89 C-90 C-91 C-92 C-93 C-94 C-95 C-96 C-97 KC-97 C-98 C-99 C-100 C-101 C-102 C-103 C-104 C-105 C-106 C-107 C-108 C-109 C-110 C-111 C-112 C-113 C-114 C-115 C-116 C-117 C-117D C-118 C-119 AC-119 C-120 C-121 C-121F EC-121 C-122 C-123 C-123A C-124 C-125 C-126 C-1272 DHC C-127 Douglas C-127 C-128 C-129 C-130 C-130J AC-130 DC-130 EC-130/H HC-130 KC-130 LC-130 MC-130 WC-130 C-131 NC-131H C-132 C-133 C-134 C-135 KC-135 C-136 C-1372 Boeing YC-137 DHC YC-137 C-137 C-1381 C-1391 C-140 C-141 C-142 Tri-service sequence (1962–present) C-1 C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5 C-6 C-72 C-7 RC-7 C-8 C-9 C-102 C-10 KC-10 C-11 C-12 RC-12 C-131 C-14 C-15 C-161 C-17 C-18 C-19 C-202 C-20A–D C-20F–J C-21 C-22 C-23 C-24 C-25 C-25B Bridge C-26 C-27 C-27J C-28 C-29 C-301 C-31 C-32 C-33 C-341 C-35 C-363 C-37 C-37B C-38 C-391 C-40 C-41 C-421 C-431 C-441 C-45 C-46 Revived original sequence (2005–present) C-143 C-144 C-145 C-146 C-147 Non-sequential designations C-767 C-880 Related designations CT-39 CT-43 CV-2 CV-7 1 Not assigned • 2 Assigned to multiple types • 3 Unconfirmed

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Gulfstream G100](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulfstream_G100) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulfstream_G100?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.