# Gs 13

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{{Short description|Runestone in Gävle, Sweden}}
[[File:Gs 13, Gävle.jpg|thumb|Runestone Gs 13 in church in [Gävle](/source/G%C3%A4vle).]]
'''Gästrikland Runic Inscription 13''' or '''Gs 13''' is a [runestone](/source/runestone) carved on red [sandstone](/source/sandstone) located in a church in [Gävle](/source/G%C3%A4vle), [Gästrikland](/source/G%C3%A4strikland). It was carved in the 11th century by the [runemaster](/source/runemaster) [Åsmund Kåresson](/source/%C3%85smund_K%C3%A5resson).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abdn.ac.uk/skaldic/db.php?id=18358&if=runic&table=mss|title=Runic Dictionary|website=www.abdn.ac.uk|access-date=2016-08-05}}</ref>

The place name ''Tafeistaland'' (modern Swedish: [Tavastland](/source/Tavastia_(historical_province))) in the inscription refers to a geographical region in Finland. The runic text for three consecutive words follows the rule that two consecutive identical letters are represented by a single rune, even when the two identical letters are at the end of one word and the start of a second word.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Page |first=Raymond Ian |author-link=Raymond Ian Page |title=Runes |publisher=University of California Press |year=1987 |page=[https://archive.org/details/runes0000page/page/22 22] |url=https://archive.org/details/runes0000page/page/22 |isbn=0-520-06114-4 }}</ref> When the text shown as Latin characters, the [transliterated](/source/Runic_transliteration_and_transcription) runes are doubled and separate words are shown. The rune sequence '''honsalukuþ''' is shown in the inscription below as '''hons| |salu| |uk| |kuþ(s)''' by doubling the [s-](/source/Sowil%C5%8D_(rune)), [u-](/source/Ur_(rune)), and [k-runes](/source/Kaunan) and separating the three words.

==Runic inscription==
Original inscription:
: '''× brusi lit rita s-... ... [(a)]b--ʀ (i)h(i)(l) brur sin : in h-n uarþ tauþr a tafstalonti × þo brusi furþi lank lans ' abtiʀ [br](u)r sin h(o)[n] fur (m)iʀ fraukiʀi kuþ hialbi hons| |salu| |uk| |kuþ(s) (m)(u)[þiʀ ' suain ' uk osmunrt ' þaiʀ markaþu] +''' 

The inscription has been translated into English in two ways:
* Brúsi had this stone erected in memory of Egill, his brother. And he died in Tafeistaland, when Brúsi brought [= led?] the land's levy[?] [= army] in memory of his brother. He traveled with Freygeirr. May God and God's mother help his soul. Sveinn and Ásmundr, they marked.
* Brúsi had this stone erected in memory of Egill, his brother. And he died in Tafeistaland, when Brúsi bore long-spear [=battle standard] after his brother. He travelled with Freygeirr. May God and God's mother help his soul. Sveinn and Ásmundr, they marked.

==References==
{{commons category|Gästriklands runinskrifter 13}}
{{Reflist}}

{{coord|60.6727|N|17.1380|E|source:wikidata|display=title}}

Category:Runestones in Gästrikland
Category:11th-century inscriptions

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Gs 13](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gs_13) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gs_13?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.