# Grumman

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1929–1994 aerospace manufacturer

For other uses, see [Grumman (disambiguation)](/source/Grumman_(disambiguation)).

Grumman Corporation Industry Aircraft; aircraft parts and equipment; data processing and preparation; search and navigation equipment; truck and bus bodies; electrical equipment and supplies Founded December 6, 1929; 96 years ago (1929-12-06) Founders Leroy Grumman Edmund Ward Poor William T. Schwendler Jake Swirbul Defunct April 4, 1994; 32 years ago (1994-04-04) Fate Merged with Northrop Successors Northrop Grumman Gulfstream Aerospace Headquarters Bethpage, New York , U.S. Key people Thomas J. Kelly Corwin H. Meyer[1] David Thurston George F. Titterton Products Grumman F4F Wildcat Grumman F6F Hellcat Grumman TBF Avenger Grumman A-6 Intruder Grumman F-14 Tomcat Apollo Lunar Module Grumman LLV Number of employees 23,000 (1986)

The **Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation**, later **Grumman Aerospace Corporation**, was a 20th century American producer of military and civilian [aircraft](/source/Aircraft).[2] Founded on December 6, 1929, by [Leroy Grumman](/source/Leroy_Grumman) and his business partners, it merged in 1994 with [Northrop Corporation](/source/Northrop_Corporation) to form [Northrop Grumman](/source/Northrop_Grumman).

## History

Grumman historical marker

[Leroy Grumman](/source/Leroy_Grumman) worked for the [Loening Aircraft Engineering Corporation](/source/Loening_Aircraft_Engineering_Corporation) beginning in 1920. In 1929, [Keystone Aircraft Corporation](/source/Keystone_Aircraft_Corporation) bought Loening Aircraft and moved its operations from [New York City](/source/New_York_City) to [Bristol, Pennsylvania](/source/Bristol%2C_Pennsylvania). Grumman and three other ex-Loening Aircraft employees,[3] ([Edmund Ward Poor](/source/Edmund_Ward_Poor),[4] William Schwendler, and [Jake Swirbul](/source/Jake_Swirbul)) started their own company in an old [Cox-Klemin](/source/Cox-Klemin) Aircraft Co. factory in [Baldwin](/source/Baldwin%2C_Nassau_County%2C_New_York) on [Long Island](/source/Long_Island), New York.

The company registered as a business on December 6, 1929, and officially opened on January 2, 1930. While maintaining the business by welding aluminum tubing for truck frames, the company eagerly pursued contracts with the [US Navy](/source/United_States_Navy).[3] Grumman designed the first practical floats with a retractable landing gear for the Navy, and this launched Grumman into the aviation market.[3] The first Grumman aircraft was also for the Navy, the [Grumman FF-1](/source/Grumman_FF-1), a [biplane](/source/Biplane) with retractable [landing gear](/source/Landing_gear) developed at [Curtiss Field](/source/Columbia_Field) in 1931.[3] This was followed by a number of other successful designs.[3]

Grumman Corporation logo, ca. 1976

During [World War II](/source/World_War_II), Grumman became known for its "Cats" (Navy [fighter aircraft](/source/Fighter_aircraft)): the [F4F Wildcat](/source/Grumman_F4F_Wildcat) and [F6F Hellcat](/source/Grumman_F6F_Hellcat), the [Grumman F7F Tigercat](/source/Grumman_F7F_Tigercat) and [Grumman F8F Bearcat](/source/Grumman_F8F_Bearcat),[5] and also for its [torpedo bomber](/source/Torpedo_bomber), the [Grumman TBF Avenger](/source/Grumman_TBF_Avenger).[6] Grumman ranked 22nd among United States corporations in the value of wartime production contracts.[7] Production of the majority of the Wildcats and Avenger was subcontracted to a purposely established division of General Motors : the [Eastern Aircraft Division](/source/Eastern_Aircraft_Division). Grumman's first [jet aircraft](/source/Jet_aircraft) was the [F9F Panther](/source/Grumman_F9F_Panther); it was followed by the upgraded [F9F/F-9 Cougar](/source/Grumman_F-9_Cougar), and the [F-11 Tiger](/source/Grumman_F-11_Tiger) in the 1950s. The company's big postwar successes came in the 1960s with the [A-6 Intruder](/source/Grumman_A-6_Intruder) and [E-2 Hawkeye](/source/Grumman_E-2_Hawkeye) and in the 1970s with the [Grumman EA-6B Prowler](/source/Grumman_EA-6B_Prowler) and [F-14 Tomcat](/source/Grumman_F-14_Tomcat). Grumman products were prominent in several feature movies including *[The Final Countdown](/source/The_Final_Countdown_(film))* in 1980,[8] *[Top Gun](/source/Top_Gun)* in 1986, and *[Flight of the Intruder](/source/Flight_of_the_Intruder)* in 1990.[9] The U.S. Navy still employs the Hawkeye as part of Carrier Air Wings on board aircraft carriers, while the U.S. Marine Corps, the last branch of service to fly the Prowler, retired it on March 8, 2019.[10]

Apollo Spacecraft: Apollo Lunar Module Diagram

Grumman was the chief contractor on the [Apollo Lunar Module](/source/Apollo_Lunar_Module), the first spacecraft to land humans on the Moon.[11] The firm received the contract on November 7, 1962, and built 13 lunar modules. Six of them successfully landed on the Moon, with one serving as a lifeboat on [Apollo 13](/source/Apollo_13), after an explosion crippled the main Apollo spacecraft. LM-2, a test article which never flew in space, is displayed permanently in the [Smithsonian Institution](/source/Smithsonian_Institution).[12] As the Apollo program neared its end, Grumman was one of the main competitors for the contract to design and build the [Space Shuttle](/source/Space_Shuttle), but lost to [Rockwell International](/source/Rockwell_International).[13]

In 1969, the company changed its name to **Grumman Aerospace Corporation**,[14] and in 1978 it sold the Grumman-American Division to [Gulfstream Aerospace](/source/Gulfstream_Aerospace).[15] That same year, it acquired the bus manufacturer [Flxible](/source/Flxible). The company built the [Grumman Long Life Vehicle](/source/Grumman_LLV) (LLV), a light transport mail truck designed for and used by the [United States Postal Service](/source/United_States_Postal_Service). The LLV was produced between 1986 until 1994, intended for a service life of 24 years, later being extended to 30 years. A large portion of LLVs are still in operation with the United States Postal Service.[16][17]

In 1983, Grumman sold Flxible for $40 million to General Automotive Corporation of Ann Arbor.[18]

In the 1950s, Grumman began production of [Gulfstream](/source/Gulfstream_Aerospace) business aircraft, starting with the [Gulfstream I](/source/Gulfstream_I) turboprop (Grumman model G-159) and the [Gulfstream II](/source/Gulfstream_II) jet (Grumman model G-1159). Gulfstream aircraft were operated by many companies, private individuals, and government agencies including various military entities and [NASA](/source/NASA). In addition, the Gulfstream I was operated by several [regional airlines](/source/Regional_airlines) in scheduled passenger services. The [Gulfstream I-C](/source/Grumman_Gulfstream_I) (Grumman model G-159C) version was "stretched" to carry 37 passengers.

In the early 1970s, Grumman acquired majority interest in the [American Aviation](/source/American_Aviation) line of very light aircraft -- relabeling its planes as "Grumman-American" or "Grumman American" -- eventually joining it with their Gulfstream division before selling off that combined enterprise in 1978.

In 1978, Grumman sold Gulfstream to [American Jet Industries](/source/American_Jet_Industries), which adopted the Gulfstream name. Since 1999, Gulfstream has been a wholly owned subsidiary of [General Dynamics](/source/General_Dynamics).[19]

## Long Island locations

[F-14 Tomcat](/source/F-14_Tomcat) at Grumman Memorial Park, [Calverton, New York](/source/Calverton%2C_New_York)

Grumman's former headquarters in Bethpage, now [Altice USA](/source/Altice_USA) (formerly [Cablevision](/source/Cablevision)) headquarters

For much of the Cold War period, Grumman was the largest corporate employer on [Long Island](/source/Long_Island).[20] Grumman's products were considered so reliable and ruggedly built that the company was often referred to as the "**Grumman Iron Works**".[21]

As the company grew, it moved to [Valley Stream, New York](/source/Valley_Stream%2C_New_York), then [Farmingdale, New York](/source/Farmingdale%2C_New_York), finally to [its facility in](/source/Grumman_Bethpage_Airport) [Bethpage, New York](/source/Bethpage%2C_New_York), with the testing and final assembly at the 6,000-acre (24 km2) [Naval Weapons Station](/source/Naval_Weapons_Industrial_Reserve_Plant%2C_Calverton) in [Calverton, New York](/source/Calverton%2C_New_York), all located on Long Island. At its peak in 1986 it employed 23,000 people on Long Island[22] and occupied 6,000,000 square feet (560,000 m2) in structures on 105 acres (0.42 km2) it leased from the U.S. Navy in Bethpage.[23]

The end of the Cold War at the beginning of the 1990s reduced defense spending and led to a wave of mergers as aerospace companies shrank in number; in 1994 [Northrop](/source/Northrop_Corporation) bought Grumman for $2.1 billion to form [Northrop Grumman](/source/Northrop_Grumman),[23] after Northrop topped a $1.9 billion offer from [Martin Marietta](/source/Martin_Marietta).[24]

The new company closed almost all of its facilities on Long Island and converted the Bethpage plant to a residential and office complex, with its headquarters becoming the corporate headquarters for [Cablevision](/source/Cablevision) and the Calverton plant being turned into a business/industrial complex. Former aircraft hangars have become [Grumman Studios](/source/Grumman_Studios), a film and television production center. A portion of the airport property has been used for the Grumman Memorial Park.[9]

## Products

An [F-14A Tomcat](/source/Grumman_F-14_Tomcat) of [VF-84 Jolly Rogers](/source/VF-84_(1955%E2%80%9395)), in the old color scheme from the beginning of its service

An A-6E Intruder flying over [Spain](/source/Spain) during Exercise Matador

[TBF Avenger](/source/Grumman_TBF_Avenger)

Navy Grumman US-2C Tracker

E-2C Hawkeye

F4F-3 Wildcat Bu12297

F9F-7 Cougar Bu130763

### Aircraft

Model name First flight Number built Type Grumman FF 1931 116 Single piston engine naval fighter Grumman JF Duck 1933 48 Single piston engine floatplane observation airplane Grumman F2F 1933 55 Single piston engine naval fighter Grumman F3F 1935 147 Single piston engine naval fighter Grumman XSBF 1936 1 Prototype single piston engine dive bomber Grumman J2F Duck 1936 254 Single piston engine floatplane observation airplane Grumman G-21 Goose 1937 345 Twin piston engine flying boat Grumman F4F Wildcat 1937 2,605 Single piston engine naval fighter Grumman G-44 Widgeon 1940 276 Twin piston engine flying boat Grumman XF5F Skyrocket 1940 1 Prototype twin piston engine naval fighter Grumman XP-50 1941 1 Prototype twin piston engine fighter Grumman TBF Avenger 1941 2,290 Single piston engine torpedo bomber Grumman F6F Hellcat 1942 12,275 Single piston engine naval fighter Grumman F7F Tigercat 1943 364 Twin piston engine naval fighter Grumman G-63 Kitten I 1944 1 Prototype single piston engine airplane Grumman G-72 Kitten II 1944 1 Prototype single piston engine airplane Grumman F8F Bearcat 1944 1,265 Single piston engine naval fighter Grumman G-65 Tadpole 1944 1 Prototype single piston engine flying boat Grumman AF Guardian 1945 389 Single piston engine anti-submarine warfare airplane Grumman G-73 Mallard 1946 59 Twin piston engine flying boat Grumman HU-16 Albatross 1947 466 Twin piston engine flying boat Grumman F9F Panther 1947 1,382 Single jet engine naval fighter Grumman F9F-6 Cougar 1951 1,988 Single jet engine naval fighter Grumman XF10F Jaguar 1952 1 Prototype single jet engine naval fighter Grumman S-2 Tracker 1952 1,184 or 1,185 Twin piston engine anti-submarine warfare airplane Grumman F11F Tiger 1954 200 Single jet engine naval fighter Grumman C-1 Trader 1955 87 Twin piston engine cargo airplane Grumman F11F-1F Super Tiger 1956 1 Prototype single jet engine naval fighter Grumman E-1 Tracer 1956 88 Twin piston engine airborne early warning airplane Grumman G-164 Ag Cat 1957 402[25] Single piston engine agricultural airplane Grumman G-159 Gulfstream I 1958 200 Twin turboprop engine business airplane Grumman OV-1 Mohawk 1959 380 Twin turboprop engine observation airplane Grumman A-6 Intruder 1960 693 Twin jet engine attack airplane Grumman E-2 Hawkeye 1960 122 Twin turboprop engine airborne early warning airplane Grumman American AA-1 1963 680+[a] Single piston engine civil airplane Grumman C-2 Greyhound 1964 56 Twin turboprop engine cargo airplane General Dynamics–Grumman F-111B 1965 7 Prototype twin jet engine naval fighter Grumman G-1159 Gulfstream II 1966 256 Twin jet engine business airplane Grumman EA-6B Prowler 1968 170 Twin jet engine electronic warfare airplane Grumman American AA-5 1970 >3,057[b] Single piston engine civil airplane Grumman F-14 Tomcat 1970 712 Twin jet engine naval fighter Grumman American GA-7 Cougar 1974 ~1[c] Twin piston engine civil airplane General Dynamics–Grumman EF-111A Raven 1977 42 Twin jet engine electronic warfare airplane Grumman X-29 1984 2 Experimental single jet engine airplane Grumman XJL N/A 0[d] Single piston engine floatplane observation airplane

### Projects

- Grumman 674 Nutcracker tilting fuselage VTOL

- Grumman 698 VTOL

- Grumman G-3 project only

- Grumman G-4 project only

- Grumman G-17 project only

- Grumman G-25 project only

- Grumman G-27 project only

- Grumman G-29 project only

- Grumman G-30 project only

- Grumman G-35 project only

- Grumman G-48 project only

- Grumman G-49 project only

- Grumman G-57 project only

- Grumman G-62 project only

- Grumman G-68 project only

- Grumman G-71 project only

- Grumman G-76 project only

- Grumman G-77 swept-back wing research aircraft project

- Grumman G-78 towed target glider project

- Grumman G-84 project only

- Grumman G-85 project only

- Grumman G-86 project only

- Grumman G-91 project only

- Grumman G-92 project only

- Grumman G-97 project only

- Grumman G-107 project only

- Grumman G-108 project only

- Grumman G-110 project only

- Grumman G-113 project only

- Grumman G-114

- Grumman G-115

- Grumman G-116 project only

- [Grumman G-118](/source/Grumman_G-118) project only

- Grumman G-119 project only

- Grumman G-122 project only

- Grumman G-124 jet trainer design

- Grumman G-127

- [Grumman G-132](/source/Grumman_G-132)

- [Grumman XTB2F](/source/Grumman_XTB2F)

- [Grumman XTSF](/source/Grumman_XTSF)

### Spacecraft

- Space - [Apollo Lunar Module](/source/Apollo_Lunar_Module) - Grumman 619 Space Shuttle

### Other products

- Grumman manufactured fire engines under the name Firecat (not to be confused with the firefighting variant of the [Grumman S-2 Tracker](/source/Grumman_S-2_Tracker), which is sold under the same name) and [aerial tower trucks](/source/Fire_engine#Aerial_platform) under the Aerialcat name. The company entered the fire apparatus business in 1976 with its purchase of Howe Fire Apparatus.[26]

- Grumman canoes were developed in 1944 as World War II was winding down. Company executive William Hoffman used the company's aircraft aluminum to replace the traditional wood design. The [canoes](/source/Canoe) had a reputation for being sturdier, lighter and stronger than their wood counterparts and had a considerable market share. Grumman moved its boat making division to [Marathon, New York](/source/Marathon_(town)%2C_New_York) in 1952.

- Outboard Marine Corp. bought the division in 1990 and produced the last Grumman-brand canoe in 1996. Shortly thereafter former Grumman executives formed the Marathon Boat Group to produce the canoes. In 2000 the Group worked out an agreement with Northrop Grumman to sell the canoes using Grumman name and logo.[27][28]

- Grumman sport boat[29]

- [Grumman-Flxible 870](/source/Flxible_Metro) transit buses (1978–1982)[30]

- [Ben Franklin (PX-15)](/source/Ben_Franklin_(PX-15)), a science submarine[31]

- [Grumman LLV](/source/Grumman_LLV) postal vehicle widely used by the [United States Postal Service](/source/United_States_Postal_Service)[9] and [Canada Post](/source/Canada_Post)[32]

- In honor of Grumman's aviation and aerospace inventions, a Grumman Memorial Park was established in [Calverton, New York](/source/Calverton%2C_New_York).[9]

United States Postal Service [Grumman LLV](/source/Grumman_LLV)

1988 Grumman Firecat, [Santiago de Chile](/source/Santiago_de_Chile) FD, 2004

[Grumman Olson](/source/Morgan_Olson) [UPS](/source/United_Parcel_Service) truck

Grumman Kurbmaster [Hostess](/source/Hostess_Brands) Delivery truck

## Leadership

### President

- [Leroy Randle Grumman](/source/Leroy_Grumman), 1939–1947

- [Leon Albert Swirbul](/source/Jake_Swirbul), 1947–1960

- Edwin Clinton Towl, 1960–1967

- Llewellyn J. Evans, 1967–1973

- [John Cocks Bierwirth](/source/John_Bierwirth), 1973–1976

- [Joseph G. Gavin Jr](/source/Joseph_G._Gavin_Jr)., 1976–1985

- George M. Skurla, 1985–1986

- John O'Brien, 1986–1990

### Chairman of the Board

- [Leroy Randle Grumman](/source/Leroy_Grumman), 1947–1966

- Edwin Clinton Towl, 1966–1976

- [John Cocks Bierwirth](/source/John_Bierwirth), 1976–1988

## References

### Footnotes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** Additional aircraft were built before and after Grumman ownership.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** Additional aircraft were built after Grumman ownership.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-28)** Although a Grumman American design, most aircraft were built by Gulfstream American.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-29)** Although a Grumman design, all three aircraft were built by Columbia.

### Notes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["Corwin H. Meyer, Grumman Test Pilot"](http://www.epnaao.com/BIOS_files/HONORARY/Meyer-%20Corwin%20H.pdf) (PDF). *The Golden Eagles*. Retrieved December 14, 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Wragg, David W. (1973). *A Dictionary of Aviation* (first ed.). Osprey. p. 146. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780850451634](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780850451634).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Jordan1_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Jordan1_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Jordan1_3-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Jordan1_3-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Jordan1_3-4) Jordan, Corey C. ["Grumman's Ascendency: Chapter One."](http://www.planesandpilotsofww2.webs.com/Grumman1.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20131103024723/http://www.planesandpilotsofww2.webs.com/Grumman1.html) November 3, 2013, at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) *Planes and Pilots Of World War 2,* 2000. Retrieved: July 22, 2011.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Air Warfare".](https://books.google.com/books?id=FW_50wm8VnMC&pg=PA270) *An International Encyclopedia*, Volume Two, M-Z, Volume 1, pp. 270–271.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Nicklas, Brian (September 2006). ["The Grumman Cats"](https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/the-grumman-cats-9289264/). Air Space Magazine. Retrieved April 19, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Grumman TBM Avenger"](https://www.pearlharboraviationmuseum.org/exhibits/tbm-avenger/). [Pearl Harbor Aviation Museum](/source/Pearl_Harbor_Aviation_Museum). Retrieved April 19, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** [Peck, Merton J.](/source/Whiz_Kids_(Department_of_Defense)) & [Scherer, Frederic M.](/source/Frederic_M._Scherer) *The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis* (1962) [Harvard Business School](/source/Harvard_Business_School) p.619

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Stephen A. Riffin (June 1, 2005). [*Aviation's Most Wanted: The Top 10 Book of Winged Wonders, Lucky Landings, and Other Aerial Oddities*](https://books.google.com/books?id=1MBKzwAOkrAC&pg=PA294). Potomac Books. p. 294. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9781574886740](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781574886740). Retrieved April 18, 2020.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Grumman_facts_9-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Grumman_facts_9-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Grumman_facts_9-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Grumman_facts_9-3) Stark, Ian J. (March 29, 2018). ["Grumman Studios: Secrets and fun facts"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200801085537/https://www.newsday.com/lifestyle/recreation/grumman-studios-secrets-and-fun-facts-1.11490135). *[Newsday](/source/Newsday)*. Archived from [the original](https://www.newsday.com/lifestyle/recreation/grumman-studios-secrets-and-fun-facts-1.11490135) on August 1, 2020. Retrieved April 17, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Snow, Shawn (March 8, 2019). ["EA-6B Prowler, one of the saltiest warfighters in the Marine Corps, retires"](https://www.marinecorpstimes.com/news/your-marine-corps/2019/03/08/the-saltiest-warfighter-in-the-marine-corps-the-ea-6b-prowler-retires/). *MarineTimes*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Apollo Spacecraft: News Reference"](https://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/CSM_News_Reference_H_Missions.pdf) (PDF). [NASA](/source/NASA). Retrieved April 16, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["Lunar Module"](https://www.cradleofaviation.org/history/history/lunar-module.html). [Cradle of Aviation Museum](/source/Cradle_of_Aviation_Museum). Retrieved April 16, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** [*Astronautics and Aeronautics: Chronology of Science, Technology, and Policy*](https://books.google.com/books?id=5PwwnVheLEwC&pg=RA1-PA339). 1972. p. 339. Retrieved April 16, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** ["Grumman Aerospace Corporation"](https://www.britannica.com/topic/Grumman-Aerospace-Corporation). [Encyclopædia Britannica](/source/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica). Retrieved April 16, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** Thomas, Joel (May 19, 2014). ["History of Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation"](https://www.stratosjets.com/history-of-gulfstream-aerospace-corporation/). *Stratos Jets*. Retrieved January 5, 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** Gastelu, Gary (May 7, 2019). ["$6.3 billion delivery: New U.S. Postal Service truck to be picked this year"](https://www.foxnews.com/auto/special-delivery-new-u-s-postal-service-truck-to-be-picked-this-year). [Fox News](/source/Fox_News). Retrieved April 16, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** Boman, Eric (February 14, 2023). ["Exactly How Many Miles Does a USPS Mail Truck Last?"](https://www.motorbiscuit.com/exactly-how-many-miles-usps-mail-truck-last/). *MotorBiscuit*. Retrieved February 16, 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** ["Grumman to Sell Troubled Bus Unit"](https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/29/archives/grumman-is-seeking-1billion-in-subcontracts-in-us-spaceshuttle.html). *The New York Times*. December 22, 1982. Retrieved April 16, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** ["History"](https://www.gulfstreamnews.com/history). Gulfstream News. Retrieved April 16, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** ["Facts You Didn't Know About Long Island Businesses"](https://www.newsday.com/business/carvel-facts-you-didn-t-know-about-fudgie-the-whale-tom-carvel-commercials-first-li-location-i76651). *Newsday*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190128083423/https://www.newsday.com/business/facts-you-didn-t-know-about-long-island-businesses-1.9812995) from the original on January 28, 2019. Retrieved January 28, 2019.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** Skrula and Gregory 2004

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** McQuiston, John T. (March 8, 1994). ["Long Islanders Shocked by Grumman's Merger"](https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A06E7D91F3AF93BA35750C0A962958260). *The New York Times*.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-nyt_dec28_97_23-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-nyt_dec28_97_23-1) Shaman, Diana (December 28, 1997). ["Commercial Property/Selling Off Northrop Grumman's Surplus; Cablevision Takes Last of the Grumman Buildings"](https://www.nytimes.com/1997/12/28/realestate/commercial-property-selling-off-northrop-grumman-s-surplus-cablevision-takes.html). *The New York Times*. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Retrieved June 24, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** Sims, Calvin (April 5, 1994). ["Northrop Bests Martin Marietta to Buy Grumman"](https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9902E7DA113FF936A35757C0A962958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=print). *The New York Times*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** ["Ag-Cats in the Military"](http://www.genesoucy.com/aircraft.htm). *Gene Soucy Airshows*. Retrieved February 1, 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** Beth Oljace (May 25, 2013). ["Howe Fire Apparatus had know-Howe"](https://www.heraldbulletin.com/community/howe-fire-apparatus-had-know-howe/article_f64d25da-eed2-5d10-b1bc-8761a69a7e72.html). *Herald Bulletin*. Retrieved March 9, 2019.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** Striegel, Lawrence. ["Paddling a Canoe to Success"](https://web.archive.org/web/20071215131118/http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-past516,0,5473146.story). *Newsday*. Archived from [the original](http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-past516,0,5473146.story) on December 15, 2007. Retrieved May 15, 2009.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** ["Marathon BoatGroup: About Us."](http://www.marathonboat.com/about.asp) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20090521213313/http://www.marathonboat.com/about.asp) May 21, 2009, at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) *Marathonboat.com*. Retrieved: May 15, 2009.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-33)** ["Marathon Boat Group - Sportboat"](https://marathonboat.com/index.php/products/all-boats/eshop-grumman-canoes/sportboat). Marathon Boat. Retrieved April 17, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-34)** ["History - Flxible Owners International"](http://flxibleowners.org/history/). Flxible Owners International. Retrieved April 17, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-35)** ["Deep Sea Sub Story"](https://www.nasa.gov/vision/space/preparingtravel/px15.html). [NASA](/source/NASA). July 16, 2004. Retrieved April 17, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** Stu Mills (July 12, 2017). ["Aging delivery trucks poisoning us, postal workers claim"](https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/canada-post-carbon-monoxide-delivery-trucks-1.4194940). *[CBC Canada](/source/CBC_Canada)*. Retrieved April 17, 2020.

### Bibliography

- Ferguson, Robert G. "One Thousand Planes a Day: Ford, Grumman, General Motors and the Arsenal of Democracy." *History and Technology*, Volume 21, Issue 2, 2005.

- Fetherston, Drew. ["Pioneers on the Runway: Raising Grumman."](https://web.archive.org/web/20100822015332/http://www.grummanpark.org/runway1.htm) *LI History.com*, Grumman Park. Retrieved: March 18, 2009.

- Kessler, Pamela. "Leroy Grumman, Sky King." *[The Washington Post](/source/The_Washington_Post) (Weekend)*, October 11, 1985.

- O'Leary, Michael, ed. "Leroy Grumman." *Air Classics*, Volume 19, no. 2, February 1983, pp. 27–29.

- Skurla, George M. and William H. Gregory. *Inside the Iron Works: How Grumman's Glory Days Faded*. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2004. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-55750-329-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55750-329-9).

- Tillman, Barrett. *Hellcat: The F6F in World War II*. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2001. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-87021-265-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87021-265-6).

- Thruelsen, Richard. *The Grumman Story*. New York: Praeger Publishers, Inc., 1976. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-275-54260-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-275-54260-2).

- Treadwell, Terry. *Ironworks: Grumman's Fighting Aeroplanes*. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishers, 1990. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-85310-070-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85310-070-6).

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Grumman Aerospace Corporation](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Grumman_Aerospace_Corporation).

- [*International Directory of Company Histories*, Vol. 11. St. James Press, 1995 (via fundinguniverse.com)](http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Grumman-Corporation-Company-History.html)

- [Grumman profile on Aerofiles.com](http://www.aerofiles.com/_grum.html)

- [Grumman Memorial Park History Center](http://www.grummanpark.org/history.htm)

- [WW2DB: Grumman aircraft of WW2](http://ww2db.com/aircraft.php?q=Grumman+Aircraft+Engineering+Corporation&list=m)

- [1994 Aerial photograph of Bethpage Headquarters](http://msrmaps.com/image.aspx?T=1&S=12&Z=18&X=784&Y=5639&W=3&qs=%7cbethpage+%7cnew+york%7c), including intact runways

- [Grumman Firecat on multimedia gallery](https://web.archive.org/web/20180812175039/http://www.laprimera.cl/)

- [Archived 2007 *Newsday* article on decline of Grumman](https://web.archive.org/web/20070417120734/http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-history-hs9grum%2C0%2C3453260.story?coll=ny-lihistory-navigation)

v t e Northrop Grumman People Kathy Warden President CEO Wesley G. Bush Former president CEO Historic Jack Northrop Northrop founder Leroy Grumman Grumman co-founder Subsidiaries Scaled Composites Products ADM-160 MALD AGM-88E AARGM AGM-88G AARGM-ER AN/AAQ-37 AN/ALQ-153 AN/ALR-67 AN/APG-77 AN/APG-78 Longbow AN/APG-80 AN/APG-81 AN/APG-83 AN/APG-85 AN/APY-2 AN/SPQ-9B AN/TMQ-40 IMETS AN/TPQ-36 Firefinder radar AN/TPS-80 G/ATOR AN/ZPY-1 Battlefield Airborne Communications Node Eclipse Guardian Ground Based Strategic Deterrent MESA radar Aircraft B-2 Spirit B-21 Raider BQM-74 Chukar E-2 Hawkeye E-8 Joint STARS EA-6B Prowler MQ-4C Triton MQ-8 Fire Scout RQ-4 Global Hawk Stargazer Spacecraft Anteres Cygnus James Webb Space Telescope Mission Extension Vehicle Antecedents & former assets Grumman Litton Industries Northrop Corporation Los Angeles Assembly Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems Sperry Marine Northrop Grumman Northrop Grumman Ship Systems Ingalls Shipbuilding Newport News Shipbuilding The Apprentice School Orbital ATK Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems Ryan Aeronautical Xetron

v t e Grumman and Northrop Grumman aircraft Manufacturer designations G-1 (floats only) G-2 (floats only) G-3 G-4 G-5 G-6 G-7 G-8 G-9 G-10 G-11 G-12 G-13 G-14 G-15 G-16 G-17 G-18 G-19 G-20 G-21 G-22 G-23 G-24 G-25 G-26 G-27 G-29 G-30 G-31 G-32 G-33 G-34 G-35 G-36 G-37 G-38 G-39 G-40 G-41 G-42 G-43 G-44 G-45 G-46 G-47 G-48 G-49 G-50 G-51 G-52 G-53 G-54 G-55 G-56 G-57 G-58 G-59 G-60 G-61 G-62 G-63 G-64 G-65 G-66 G-67 G-68 G-69 G-70 G-71 G-72 G-73 G-74 G-75 G-76 G-77 G-78 G-79 G-80 G-81 G-82 G-83 G-84 G-85 G-86 G-87 G-88 G-89 G-90 G-91 G-92 G-93 G-94 G-95 G-96 G-97 G-98 J G-99 G-100 G-101 G-102 G-103 G-104 G-105 G-106 G-107 G-108 G-109 G-110 G-111 G-112 G-113 G-114 G-115 G-116 G-117 G-118 G-119 G-120 G-121 G-122 G-123 G-124 G-125 G-126 G-127 G-128 G-129 G-130 G-132 G-134 G-137 G-142 G-143 G-154 G-159 G-164 G-165 G-170 G-191 G-211 G-214 G-215 (I) G-215 (II) G-226 G-231 G-234 G-235 G-242 G-244 G-251 G-262 G-270 G-273 G-279 G-283 G-288 G-296 G-300 G-303 G-305 G-306 G-310 G-315 G-327 G-333 G-340 G-341 G-342 G-344 G-356 G-359 G-371 G-376 G-378 G-391 G-399 G-413 G-426 G-429 G-431 G-436 G-450 G-467 G-484 G-486 G-487 G-511 G-516 G-518 G-532 G-550 G-607 G-612 G-613 G-618 G-623 G-636 G-674 G-680 F P G-698 G-704 G-711 G-712 G-723 G-728 G-730 G-744 G-754 G-755 G-870 G-1128 G-1159 Model 400 By role Fighters FF F2F F3F F4F XF5F XP-50 F6F XP-65 F7F F8F F9F -1 to -5 -6 to -8 F-9 XF10F F11F/F-11 F11F-1F G-118 F-111B F-14 NATF-23 Bombers B-2 B-21 Attack/Patrol TBF XTSF TB2F AF S-2 A-6 Recon/Scouts SF XSBF E-1 OV-1 EA-6 E-2 Utility/Transports UC-103 JF J2F OA-12 JRF J3F OA-9 OA-13 OA-14/J4F U-16/JR2F/UF C-1 C-2 Civil aircraft Mallard Ag Cat Kitten Tadpole Gulfstream I Gulfstream II Others Apollo Lunar Module E-8 E-10 EF-111 Q-4/C Q-8/C Q-180 X-29 X-47A X-47B Bat Firebird Switchblade By name Ag Cat Albatross Avenger Bat Bearcat Cougar Duck Fifi Firebird Fire Scout Global Hawk Goose Greyhound Guardian Gulfhawk III Gulfstream I Gulfstream II Hawkeye Hellcat Intruder Jaguar Joint STARS Kitten Mallard Mohawk Panther Pegasus Prowler Raider Skyrocket Spirit Super Tiger Switchblade Tadpole Tiger Tigercat Tomcat Tracer Tracker Trader Triton Wildcat Widgeon People Leroy Grumman Jake Swirbul

v t e American Aviation aircraft Aircraft AA-1 AA-2 AA-5 AG-5 GA-7 Companies American Aviation Grumman American Gulfstream American American General Tiger Aircraft True Flight

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Grumman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grumman) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grumman?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.