# Grover Powers

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{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Short description|American pediatrician (1887–1968)}}{{Infobox person
| birth_date         = August 12, 1887
| birth_place        = [Colfax, Indiana](/source/Colfax%2C_Indiana), United States
| death_date         = April 18, 1968
| death_place        = [New Haven, Connecticut](/source/New_Haven%2C_Connecticut), United States
| education          = [Purdue University](/source/Purdue_University) (B.S.)<br />[Johns Hopkins University](/source/Johns_Hopkins_University) (M.D.)
| awards             = [Lasker Award](/source/Lasker_Award)<br />[John Howland Award](/source/John_Howland_Award)
}}

'''Grover Francis Powers''' (August 12, 1887 – April 18, 1968)<ref name=annals>{{cite journal|title=Great American Pediatricians: Grover F. Powers-An Appreciation|year=1983|journal=Pediatric Annals|volume=12|issue=1|pages=66–70|first=Harry H.|last=Gordon|doi=10.3928/0090-4481-19830101-06|pmid=6340039}}</ref> was an American [pediatrician](/source/pediatrician). He served as director of the [Yale University](/source/Yale_University) department of pediatrics from 1927 to 1952. He won the second [John Howland Award](/source/John_Howland_Award) in 1953.

== Early life and edudcation ==
Grover Powers was born in 1887 in [Colfax, Indiana](/source/Colfax%2C_Indiana),<ref name="annals" /> and grew up in [Lafayette, Indiana](/source/Lafayette%2C_Indiana).<ref name="aap">{{cite journal|url=https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/12/2/217|title=Grover F. Powers|year=1953|volume=12|issue=2|first=Daniel C.|last=Darrow|journal=[Pediatrics](/source/Pediatrics_(journal))|page=Special Sections}}</ref> He graduated from [Purdue University](/source/Purdue_University) with a B.S. in 1908 and from [Johns Hopkins University](/source/Johns_Hopkins_University) with an M.D. in 1913. 

== Career ==
The first seven years of his career were spent at the [Johns Hopkins Hospital](/source/Johns_Hopkins_Hospital) department of pediatrics,<ref name="annals" /> where he worked with [John Howland](/source/John_Howland_(doctor)), [Edwards A. Park](/source/Edwards_A._Park_(doctor)), [Kenneth Blackfan](/source/Kenneth_Blackfan), and [William McKim Marriott](/source/William_McKim_Marriott).<ref name="aap" /> He moved to the [Yale University](/source/Yale_University) department of pediatrics with [Edwards A. Park](/source/Edwards_A._Park_(doctor)) in 1921, and succeeded Park as chairman of the department in 1927, a position he remained in until his retirement in 1952.<ref name="annals" />

Powers' contributions to pediatrics included proposing guidelines for the care of premature babies and for the management of infantile [diarrhea](/source/diarrhea).<ref name="yale">{{cite journal|title=Grover Francis Powers and Pediatrics at Yale|first=Daniel C.|last=Darrow|journal=Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine|year=1952|volume=24|issue=4|pages=243–251|pmc = 2599155|pmid = 14913992}}</ref> He wrote an important paper in 1925 that outlined the principles of infant feeding, arguing that diets should be analyzed by a total caloric intake, including a combination of protein, fat and carbohydrates; these principles were adopted by nutritionists constructing adult diets in World War II. Another popular paper simplified the different options of [cow's milk](/source/cow's_milk)-based [infant formula](/source/infant_formula)s, which received thousands of international reprint requests.<ref name="jpeds">{{cite journal|url=https://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476(05)83456-0/pdf|title=Grover Powers|journal=[The Journal of Pediatrics](/source/The_Journal_of_Pediatrics)|pages=497–498|year=1993|volume=122|issue=3|first=Herbert C.|last=Miller|doi=10.1016/S0022-3476(05)83456-0|pmid=8441112}}</ref> He proposed giving liver extract as a nutritional supplement to children with [celiac disease](/source/Coeliac_disease), and in 1949 he won the Borden Award in Nutrition for his research in pediatric nutritional deficiencies.<ref name="yale" /> 

Powers presented his ideas on creating residential institutions for intellectually disabled children to [Wilbur Lucius Cross](/source/Wilbur_Lucius_Cross), the [Governor of Connecticut](/source/List_of_governors_of_Connecticut), which eventually contributed to the creation of the [Southbury Training School](/source/Southbury_Training_School) in [Southbury](/source/Southbury%2C_Connecticut), [Connecticut](/source/Connecticut).<ref name="jpeds" />

== Recognition anddeath. ==
Powers served as president of the [American Pediatric Society](/source/American_Pediatric_Society)<ref name=yale/> and received the society's highest honor, the [John Howland Award](/source/John_Howland_Award), in 1953. He also received a [Lasker Award](/source/Lasker_Award) from U.S. President [Lyndon B. Johnson](/source/Lyndon_B._Johnson).<ref name=jpeds/> He died in 1968 in [New Haven, Connecticut](/source/New_Haven%2C_Connecticut).<ref name=annals/>

==References==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Powers, Grover}}
Category:1887 births
Category:1968 deaths
Category:American pediatricians
Category:Johns Hopkins Hospital physicians
Category:People from Clinton County, Indiana
Category:People from Lafayette, Indiana
Category:Medical doctors from Indiana
Category:Johns Hopkins School of Medicine alumni
Category:Purdue University alumni
Category:Recipients of the John Howland Award

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Grover Powers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grover_Powers) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grover_Powers?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.