# Ground Master 400

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The **Ground Master 400** (**GM400**) is a mobile long range radar system manufactured by [Thales](/source/Thales_Group) (formerly by [Thales-Raytheon Systems](/source/ThalesRaytheonSystems)).[1] GM400 is a fully digital [active electronically scanned array](/source/Active_electronically_scanned_array) long-range air defense [3D radar](/source/3D_radar), offering detection from very high to very low altitudes. It tracks a wide range of targets from highly maneuverable tactical aircraft flying below several hundred feet to the unconventional small radar cross section devices, such as [UAVs](/source/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle) or cruise missiles.

The system can be set up by a four-man crew in 60 minutes and can be remotely operated. The system fits in a 20-feet shipping container and weighs less than ten tons. The system can be rapidly deployed mounted on a 6x6 or 8x8 tactical truck and can be transported by a single [C-130](/source/C-130_Hercules) aircraft or a helicopter.[2]

The GM400 with a field-proven operational availability of more than 98,5% and a MTBCF (Mean Time Between Critical Failures) of 3500 hrs has been selected by many countries as well as France to protect the European Space Agency's [Guiana Space Centre](/source/Guiana_Space_Centre). The system was to be operational by the end of 2012.[3]

The GM400 family includes the **GM403** and the **GM406**. The GM406 has a transmitter which is twice as powerful as the GM403, giving it 20% greater range, increasing from 390 km to 450 km. The GM406 is primarily designed to equip fixed sites, with the GM403 designed to be deployable.

In 2023, the [Indonesian](/source/Indonesia) state-run defense company PT Len Industri acquired 13 GM403 radars at an approximate cost of $30,000,000 each, totaling $390,000,000. While there is no publicly available information on the cost of the GM406 model, it is estimated that the price of a GM403 radar is around $30,000,000, excluding any additional modifications that may be requested by buyers.[4]

In 2021, Thales introduced a new version, **GM400α**, with 5 times more processing power, extended range from 470 to 515 km and upcoming advanced artificial intelligence algorithms.[5][6]

These systems are part of the Ground Master family of radars (alongside the medium range [GM200](/source/Ground_Master_200) and [GM200 MM/A and MM/C](/source/Ground_Master_200_Multi_Mission) as well as the short-range GM60 and its variants) and have been purchased by many countries.[7]

## Main characteristics

- Air Surveillance Radar
- Crew: 4
- [S-band](/source/S_band), 3D AESA Radar
- [GaN](/source/Gallium_nitride) technology
- Modern algorithm to mitigate windfarm effect
- 10 RPM Rotation Rate
- High, medium and low-altitude detection, long-range air defense sensor
- Detects fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft, cruise missiles, UAVs, and tactical ballistic missiles
- Coverage: - Azimuth: 360° - Elevation: 20° and 40°
- Performance: - Detection range: - Fighter aircraft: > 450 km - Cruise missile: > 250 km - Max detection rate in altitude: 30.5 km - Instrumented range: 515 km
- High mobility, transportability, and reliability
- GM400 requires minimum maintenance (30 hours/year)
- Technical characteristics: - Digital Beam Forming - Stacked beam (maximum time on target) technology - S-Band (high part 2.9 / 3.3 GHz) - Clear & Doppler modes - [Electronic Counter-CounterMeasures](/source/Electronic_counter-countermeasure) (ECCM) capabilities - [Tactical ballistic missile](/source/Tactical_ballistic_missile) (TBM) detection capability.

## Operators

- [Albania](/source/Albania): 1 GM400α system.[8]
- [Bangladesh](/source/Bangladesh): 2 GM 403M systems.[9][10][11]
- [Bolivia](/source/Bolivia)[12]
- [Chile](/source/Chile): 9 systems[citation needed]
- [Egypt](/source/Egypt): 4 systems[13]
- [Estonia](/source/Estonia): 2 Ground Master 403 systems,[14] 2 more Ground Master 400 Alpha systems ordered in June 2023.[15][16]
- [Finland](/source/Finland): 12 Ground Master 403 systems.[14] Local designation is **Keva 2010**.[17]
- [France](/source/France): 3 GM 406 systems[14] and 12 GM 403 systems[18]; The last ones will be delivered during the first half of 2026[19].
- [Georgia](/source/Georgia): 6 GM 403 and GM 200 systems[20][21]
- [Germany](/source/Germany): 6 systems[14]
- [Indonesia](/source/Indonesia): 13 GM403 systems[22][23]
- [Iraq](/source/Iraq): 4 GM403[24][25]
- [Kazakhstan](/source/Kazakhstan)[26]
- [Malaysia](/source/Malaysia): 1 system in service,[14] 3 more on order.[note 1][27][28]
- [Morocco](/source/Morocco): 3 systems[citation needed]
- [Qatar](/source/Qatar): GM400 α radars ordered in January 2026, with also GM200 MM/A .[29]
- [Netherlands](/source/Netherlands): 1 GM400α[30]
- [Senegal](/source/Senegal): 2 systems [31]
- [Serbia](/source/Serbia): 4 GM400α [32][33]
- [Slovenia](/source/Slovenia): 2 Ground Master 403 systems.[14]

## See also

- [KALKAN Air Defence Radar](/source/KALKAN_Air_Defence_Radar)
- [TAFLIR](/source/TAFLIR), another ground-based, non-fixed (i.e., transportable) search radar ([AN/TPS](/source/Joint_Electronics_Type_Designation_System))
- [AN/TPS-43](/source/AN/TPS-43)
- [AN/TPS-75](/source/AN/TPS-75)
- [ALP 300-G](/source/ALP_300-G)

## Notes

1. First contract for 1 unit awarded at the end of 2023 and the second contract for the 2 units awarded at May 2025.

## References

1. ["Defence Update: *Finland Selects Norwegian/U.S. NASAMS for SA-11 Replacement*"](https://web.archive.org/web/20171210015724/http://defense-update.com/products/n/nasams_300409.html). Archived from [the original](http://defense-update.com/products/n/nasams_300409.html) on 2017-12-10. Retrieved 2012-09-08.

1. ["Deagel: *Ground Master 400*"](http://www.deagel.com/Ground-Sensors/Ground-Master-400_a001480001.aspx). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20121107042709/http://www.deagel.com/Ground-Sensors/Ground-Master-400_a001480001.aspx) 2012-11-07 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2012-09-08.

1. ["Thales Group"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130802073046/http://www.thalesgroup.com/Portfolio/Defence/Air_Systems_Product_-_Ground_Master_400/). Archived from [the original](http://www.thalesgroup.com/Portfolio/Defence/Air_Systems_Product_-_Ground_Master_400/) on 2013-08-02. Retrieved 2012-09-08.

1. Vietnam+ (VietnamPlus) (2023-06-29). ["Indonesia spends over 380 million USD to buy 13 radar systems from France"](https://en.vietnamplus.vn/post-255470.vnp). *Vietnam+ (VietnamPlus)*. Retrieved 2024-05-07.

1. ["Ground Master 400 Alpha, taking long-range air surveillance to the next level"](https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/group/press_release/ground-master-400-alpha-taking-long-range-air-surveillance-next-level). *Thales Group*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211126144013/https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/group/press_release/ground-master-400-alpha-taking-long-range-air-surveillance-next-level) 2021-11-26 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2021-11-26.

1. ["Ground Master 400 Alpha"](https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/markets/defence-and-security/air-forces/airspace-protection/surface-radars/ground-master-400-alpha). *Thales Group*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230605103116/https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/markets/defence-and-security/air-forces/airspace-protection/surface-radars/ground-master-400-alpha) 2023-06-05 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2023-06-18.

1. ["Thales fête le 100e déploiement dans le monde d'un radar de sa gamme Ground Master pour la protection de l'espace aérien national | Zone bourse"](https://www.zonebourse.com/cours/action/THALES-4715/actualite/Thales-fete-le-100e-deploiement-dans-le-monde-d-un-radar-de-sa-gamme-Ground-Master-pour-la-protectio-36937334/)

1. ["Ground Master 400 Albania"](https://www.edrmagazine.eu/thales-supports-airspace-sovereignty-in-albania-with-ground-master-400-alpha-surveillance-radar)

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1. ["THALESRAYTHEONSYSTEMS GROUND MASTER 400 RADARS SELECTED TO STRENGTHEN KAZAKHSTAN’S AIR DEFENSE CAPABILITY"](https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/worldwide/defence/press-release/thalesraytheonsystems-ground-master-400-radars-selected-strengthen). *Thales*. 2014-05-23.

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1. ["Thales supports the Qatar Emiri Air Force in strengthening its air protection with the GM400α and the GM200MM/A radars air surveillance systems"](https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/news-centre/press-releases/thales-supports-qatar-emiri-air-force-strengthening-its-air-protection). *www.thalesgroup.com*. 28 January 2026. Retrieved 2026-01-28.

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## External links

- [Ground Master 400 Alpha - Thales Group](https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/markets/defence-and-security/air-forces/airspace-protection/surface-radars/ground-master-400-alpha)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Ground Master 400](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_Master_400) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_Master_400?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.