# Groswin

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{{short description|Castle and territory along the southern Baltic Sea}}
thumb|200px|The coat of arms of Groswin.
'''Groswin''' was the name-giving seat of one of the [castellanies](/source/castellany) of the [Duchy of Pomerania](/source/Duchy_of_Pomerania) in the [High Middle Ages](/source/Pomerania_during_the_High_Middle_Ages).<ref>Józef Spors, ''Organizacja kasztelańska na Pomorzu Zachodnim w XII-XIII wieku'', WSP, 1991, p.216</ref><ref name=mus>Museum für Ur- und Frühgeschichte (Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany), Archäologisches Landesmuseum Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, ''Bodendenkmalpflege in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: Jahrbuch'' 50th edition, [Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften](/source/Deutscher_Verlag_der_Wissenschaften), 2002, p.343</ref> It was located in [Western Pomerania](/source/Western_Pomerania) near modern [Anklam](/source/Anklam). 

The castellany is thought to have comprised the area between the rivers [Peene](/source/Peene) and [Zarow](/source/Zarow), and the villages [Rehberg](/source/Rehberg%2C_Ostvorpommern), [Japenzin](/source/Japenzin), [Iven](/source/Iven), [Crien](/source/Crien), [Wegezin](/source/Wegezin), [Thurow](/source/Thurow), [Blesewitz](/source/Blesewitz) and [Görke](/source/Postlow).<ref>Gesellschaft für Pommersche Geschichte und Altertumskunde, Stettin, Kommission zur Erforschung und Erhaltung der Denkmäler in der Provinz Pommern, ''Baltische Studien'', T. von der Nahmer, 1927, p.141</ref> The exact location of the Groswin [burgh](/source/burgh), which was destroyed in the late 12th century,<ref>Karl Robert Klempin, Klaus Conrad, Historische Kommission für Pommern, ''Pommersches Urkundenbuch'', 2nd edition, Böhlau, 1970, p.34, {{ISBN|3-412-13170-9}}</ref><ref name=Herrmann/> is uncertain, it may have been near [Stolpe](/source/Stolpe_an_der_Peene)-Neuhof, [Grüttow](/source/Gr%C3%BCttow), [Görke](/source/Postlow) or [Müggenburg](/source/M%C3%BCggenburg).<ref name=Herrmann>Joachim Herrmann, Aarni Erä-Esko, ''Wikinger und Slawen: zur Frühgeschichte der Ostseevölker'', Wachholtz, 1982, p.306, {{ISBN|3-529-01826-0}}</ref><ref name=Becker>Gerhard Becker: [http://www.pfr-g-becker.de/forscher/groswin/groswin.html ''Zur Groswin-Frage''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719072609/http://www.pfr-g-becker.de/forscher/groswin/groswin.html |date=2011-07-19 }}</ref><ref>Hans Jürgen Eggers, Jörn Graue, Judith S. Stary-Rimpau, Peter F. Stary, ''Funde der Wendisch-wikingischen Zeit in Pommern: Textband'', Stiftung Pommern, 1978, pp.225ff</ref> At Groswin, defense structures within the [Peene](/source/Peene) river allowed the locals to block the river for ships.<ref name=Herrmann/>

Documents mention Groswin also in the spelling variants ''Grossvin'', ''Groswim'', ''Grozwin'', ''Grozswin'', ''Groswyn'', ''Grosum'' ([Knytlinga saga](/source/Knytlinga_saga)),<ref name=Becker/> '' Grotzuina'' ([Saxo Grammaticus](/source/Saxo_Grammaticus)), ''Brotwin'' (946), ''Groswine'' (1136), ''Grozioni'', ''Grozswine'', and ''Grozswina''.<ref>Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus, ''Landbuch des Herzogthums Pommern und des Fürstenthums Rügen: Enthaltend Schilderung der Zustände dieser Lande in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts'', Dietze, 1865, p.381</ref><ref>Wolfgang Brüske, ''Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des Lutizenbundes: Deutsch-wendische Beziehungen des 10.-12. Jahrhunderts'', 2nd edition, Böhlau, 1983, pp.162ff, {{ISBN|3-412-07583-3}}</ref><ref>Karl Robert Klempin, Klaus Conrad, Historische Kommission für Pommern, ''Pommersches Urkundenbuch'', 2nd edition, Böhlau, 1970, p.48, {{ISBN|3-412-13170-9}}</ref>

Groswin took over the position of nearby [Altes Lager Menzlin](/source/Altes_Lager_Menzlin) as a trade center after its decline in the 9th century.<ref>Joachim Herrmann, Hans Holm Bielfeldt, ''Die Slawen in Deutschland: Geschichte und Kultur der slawischen Stämme westlich von Oder und Neisse vom 6. bis 12. Jahrhundert: ein Handbuch'', Akademie-Verlag, 1985, p.239</ref><ref>Polska Akademia Nauk Komisja Nauk Historycznych, ''Studia maritima.'' 10th edition, Ossolineum, 1997, p.8</ref> The tribal affiliation of the inhabitants, though associated with the greater tribe of the [Veleti](/source/Veleti), is uncertain – while the [Ukrani](/source/Ukrani) are reported to have dwelled south of the [Zarow](/source/Zarow) and the [Rani](/source/Rani_(Slavic_tribe)) north of the [Ryck](/source/Ryck) river, the name of the medieval inhabitants of the area between these rivers is not reported.<ref>Wolfgang Brüske, ''Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des Lutizenbundes: Deutsch-wendische Beziehungen des 10.-12. Jahrhunderts'', 2nd edition, Böhlau, 1983, p.132, {{ISBN|3-412-07583-3}}</ref> The lands of Groswin became a [castellany](/source/castellany) of the [Duchy of Pomerania](/source/Duchy_of_Pomerania) during the westward expansion of [Wartislaw I](/source/Wartislaw_I%2C_Duke_of_Pomerania) in the 1120s, and became part of the [Bishopric of Cammin](/source/Bishopric_of_Cammin) in 1140.<ref>Edmund Ernst Hermann Stengel, ''Archiv für Diplomatik: Schriftgeschichte, Siegel, und Wappenkunde 47-48'', Böhlau-Verlag., 2003, p.30</ref> In 1153, [Stolpe Abbey](/source/Stolpe_Abbey) was founded in the Groswin castellany as the first Pomeranian monastery.<ref>Gerhard Krause, Siegfried M Schwertner, [Gerhard Müller](/source/Gerhard_M%C3%BCller_(Lutheran_theologian)), ''[Theologische Realenzyklopädie](/source/Theologische_Realenzyklop%C3%A4die)'': Studienausgabe Teil II: Katechumenat/katechumenen- Publizistik/presse, 1999, p.42, {{ISBN|3-11-016295-4}}, {{ISBN|978-3-11-016295-0}}</ref> A market at the Groswin burgh is documented in 1159.<ref>Joachim Herrmann, Hans Holm Bielfeldt, ''Die Slawen in Deutschland: Geschichte und Kultur der slawischen Stämme westlich von Oder und Neisse vom 6. bis 12. Jahrhundert: ein Handbuch'', Akademie-Verlag, 1985, p.142</ref> In 1185, a [Danish](/source/Denmark) expedition led by [Canut VI](/source/Canute_VI_of_Denmark) destroyed the burgh and devastated the castellany.<ref>Haik Thomas Porada, Gesellschaft für Pommersche Geschichte und Alterthumskunde, ''Beiträge zur Geschichte Vorpommerns: die Demminer Kolloquien 1985-1994'', T. Helms, 1997, p.303, {{ISBN|3-931185-11-7}}</ref> Though the name Groswin stayed in use to refer to the area, the position of the former burgh as the areas center was taken over by nearby [Anklam](/source/Anklam).<ref name=mus/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==See also==
*[Pomerania during the Early Middle Ages](/source/Pomerania_during_the_Early_Middle_Ages)
*[Pomerania during the High Middle Ages](/source/Pomerania_during_the_High_Middle_Ages)
*[Altes Lager Menzlin](/source/Altes_Lager_Menzlin)
*[Anklam](/source/Anklam)

{{Pomerania}}

{{coord|53|51|38|N|13|36|54|E|region:DE-MV_type:landmark_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}}

Category:Duchy of Pomerania

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Groswin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groswin) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groswin?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.