# Grasberg
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{{for|the Indonesian mine|Grasberg mine}}
{{Infobox German location
|type = Gemeinde
|name = Grasberg
|image_coa = DEU Grasberg COA.svg
|image_skyline = Grasbergchurch-2.jpg
|image_caption = Lutheran church in Grasberg
|coordinates = {{coord|53|11|N|8|59|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|image_plan = Grasberg in OHZ.svg
|state = Lower Saxony
|district = Osterholz
|elevation = 5
|area = 55.77
|postal_code = 28879
|area_code = 04208
|licence = OHZ
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 3 56 002
|divisions = 17 districts
|website = [http://www.grasberg.de/ www.grasberg.de]
|mayor = Marion Schorfmann[{{cite web|url=https://wahlen.statistik.niedersachsen.de/KW2021/reports/DW/20210912_DW_Uebersicht.pdf|title=Direktwahlen in Niedersachsen vom 12. September 2021|date=13 October 2021|publisher=[Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen](/source/Landesamt_f%C3%BCr_Statistik_Niedersachsen)}}]
|leader_term = 2021–26
|Bürgermeistertitel = Bürgermeisterin
|party = CDU
}}
'''Grasberg''' ({{IPA|de|ˈɡʁaːsbɛʁk}}; {{langx|nds|Grasbarg}}) is a municipality in the [district of Osterholz](/source/Osterholz), in [Lower Saxony](/source/Lower_Saxony), [Germany](/source/Germany). It is situated approximately 13 km southeast of [Osterholz-Scharmbeck](/source/Osterholz-Scharmbeck), and 20 km northeast of [Bremen](/source/Bremen).
==History==
Before the cultivation and colonisation of the area comprising today's Grasberg, the landscape was dominated by [moorland](/source/moorland)s. The area belonged to the [Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen](/source/Prince-Archbishopric_of_Bremen), established in 1180. By the [Peace of Westphalia](/source/Peace_of_Westphalia) the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the [Duchy of Bremen](/source/Duchy_of_Bremen) in 1648, which - together with the [Principality of Verden](/source/Principality_of_Verden) - was first given as a prey for its participation in the Thirty Years' War to be ruled in [personal union](/source/personal_union) by the Swedish Crown. These two imperial fiefs to the Swedes are thus colloquially called [Bremen-Verden](/source/Bremen-Verden).
After a Danish occupation (1712–1715) the Duchy of Bremen was sold to the [House of Hanover](/source/House_of_Hanover), and thus became ruled in personal union with the [Electorate of Hanover](/source/Electorate_of_Hanover) and the [United Kingdom](/source/United_Kingdom). It was Bremen-Verden's government which commissioned the drainage, cultivation and colonisation of the moorlands, first under the responsibility of Moor Commissioner [Jürgen Christian Findorff](/source/J%C3%BCrgen_Christian_Findorff) (1720–1792).
In 1785-89 Findorff prompted - after his own design - the construction of the Lutheran church of today's Grasberg on a sandy grass-covered hill (c. 5 m above sea level), giving the name to Grasberg (literally in {{langx|en|grass mount}}), serving as a parish church for 12 newly founded villages in the lower moorlands.
[[File:Grasberg Schnitger Orgel.jpg|thumb|left|[Pipe organ by Arp Schnitger](/source/Organ_of_the_Grasberg_church) in the Lutheran church.]] The Lutheran church houses a rare treasury, the only surviving small scale urban [pipe organ](/source/pipe_organ) created by the famous [Arp Schnitger](/source/Arp_Schnitger), originally commissioned by an orphanage in [Hamburg](/source/Hamburg) in 1694. In 1789 Grasberg's congregation bought the organ.
The Hanoveran Duchy of Bremen, including the already existing municipalities now component of Grasberg, changed occupation several times during the [Napoléonic Wars](/source/Napoleonic_Wars).
In 1807 the ephemeric [Kingdom of Westphalia](/source/Kingdom_of_Westphalia) annexed the Duchy, before [France](/source/First_French_Empire) annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the [Kingdom of Hanover](/source/Kingdom_of_Hanover) in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a [real union](/source/real_union) and the ducal territory, including the villages now comprising Grasberg, became part of the [Stade Region](/source/Stade_(region)), established in 1823. In 1831 the village named Grasberg developed at the church.
==Component Localities==
Today's Grasberg comprises a number of formerly independent municipalities, incorporated into Grasberg in the 1970s and 1980s.
* Wörpedorf, established in 1751, incorporated in 1974
* Eickedorf, established in 1753, incorporated in 1974
* Rautendorf, established in 1762, incorporated in 1974
* Schmalenbeck, established in 1762, incorporated in 1974
* Dannenberg, established in 1780, incorporated in 1974
* Tüschendorf, established in 1782, incorporated in 1974
* Meinershausen, established in 1785, incorporated in 1974
* Grasdorf, established in 1784, incorporated in 1974
* Huxfeld, established in 1789, incorporated in 1974
* Seehausen, established in 1790, incorporated in 1974
* Mittelsmoor, established in 1792, incorporated in 1974
* Otterstein, established in 1794, incorporated in 1974
* Adolphsdorf, established in 1800. Lieutenant General [Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge](/source/Prince_Adolphus%2C_Duke_of_Cambridge), then stationed in the [Electorate of Hanover](/source/Electorate_of_Hanover), attended the foundation and named the village after himself Adolphsdorf.[Johannes Kessels, "Fast wie eine Königsfamilie: Neue Majestäten heißen alle Helmke oder Kück", in: ''Wümme-Zeitung''; 2. Juni 2009.] Adolphsdorf was incorporated into Grasberg in 1974.
* Weinkaufsmoor, established in 1826, incorporated in 1974
* Grasberg, established in 1831
* Wilstedter Moor, incorporated in 1976
* Tarmstedter Moor, incorporated in 1983
==Notes==
{{Cities and towns in Osterholz (district)}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Osterholz
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Grasberg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grasberg) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grasberg?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.