# Grafeneck

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For the Nazi killing facility located in this village, see [Grafeneck Euthanasia Centre](/source/Grafeneck_Euthanasia_Centre).

**Grafeneck** is a small rural village in the [German](/source/Germany) municipality of [Gomadingen](/source/Gomadingen), south of [Stuttgart](/source/Stuttgart).

## World War II history

[Grafeneck Castle](/source/Grafeneck_Castle), which had previously been an asylum for crippled people, was turned by the [Nazis](/source/Nazism) into an extermination facility.

Between January and December 1940, 10,654 people with mental disabilities or psychological disorders were gassed at this facility with [carbon monoxide](/source/Carbon_monoxide) in the first [gas chamber](/source/Gas_chamber) and then cremated. This was the beginning of the [T-4 Euthanasia Program](/source/T-4_Euthanasia_Program). Grafeneck was the first Nazi institution to be transformed in a gas chamber and crematorium.[1]

## References

1. Emiliano Perra (December 18, 2015). "The uncanny memory of Nazi euthanasia, the Risiera di San Sabba and the foibe". *Incontroi*. **30** (2): 147. Werkgroep Italië Studies. [doi:10.18352/incontri.10117](https://doi.org/10.18352/incontri.10117). [ISSN 0169-3379](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0169-3379). [OCLC 5966476814](https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5966476814) Grafeneck was the first institution to be outfitted with a gas chamber and crematorium

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