# Global 200

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{{Short description|List of ecoregions identified by the WWF}}
{{For|the record chart|Billboard Global 200}}

The '''Global 200''' is the list of [ecoregion](/source/ecoregion)s identified by the [World Wide Fund for Nature](/source/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature) (WWF), the global conservation organization, as priorities for conservation. According to WWF, an ecoregion is defined as a "relatively large unit of land or water containing a characteristic set of natural communities that share a large majority of their species dynamics, and environmental conditions".<ref>Olson, D. M. & E. Dinerstein. 1998. The Global 200: A representation approach to conserving the Earth's most biologically valuable ecoregions. ''Conservation Biol.'' 12:502–515.[http://planet.uwc.ac.za/nisl/Biodiversity/pdf/OlsonDinerstein1998.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007001330/http://planet.uwc.ac.za/nisl/Biodiversity/pdf/OlsonDinerstein1998.pdf|date=2016-10-07}}.</ref><ref>Olson, D. M., Dinerstein, E. 2002. The Global 200: Priority ecoregions for global conservation. ''Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden'' 89(2):199-224, [http://coastalforests.tfcg.org/pubs/Global%20200%20ecoregion.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513062737/http://coastalforests.tfcg.org/pubs/Global%20200%20ecoregion.pdf|date=2016-05-13}}.</ref><ref>The Nature Conservancy. 1997. ''Designing a geography of hope: guidelines for ecoregion-based conservation in The Nature Conservancy''. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia</ref> For example, based on their levels of [endemism](/source/endemism), Madagascar gets multiple listings, ancient [Lake Baikal](/source/Lake_Baikal) gets one, and the [North American Great Lakes](/source/North_American_Great_Lakes) get none. 

The WWF assigns a conservation status to each ecoregion in the Global 200: '''critical or endangered'''; '''vulnerable'''; and '''relatively stable or intact'''. Over half of the ecoregions in the Global 200 are rated endangered.
{{TOC limit|3}}

==Background==
The WWF has identified 867 [terrestrial ecoregion](/source/terrestrial_ecoregion)s across the Earth's land surface, as well as [freshwater](/source/freshwater_ecoregion) and [marine ecoregion](/source/marine_ecoregion)s. The goal of this classification system is to ensure that the full range of [ecosystem](/source/ecosystem)s will be represented in regional conservation and development strategies. Of these ecoregions, the WWF selected the Global 200 as the ecoregions most crucial to the [conservation](/source/Conservation_ethic) of global [biodiversity](/source/biodiversity). The Global 200 list actually contains 238 ecoregions, made up of 142 terrestrial, 53 freshwater, and 43 marine ecoregions.

[Conservationist](/source/conservation_movement)s interested in preserving biodiversity have generally focused on the preservation of [tropical moist broadleaf forests](/source/tropical_moist_broadleaf_forests) (commonly known as tropical rainforests) because it is estimated that they harbor one half of Earth's species. On the other hand, the WWF determined that a more comprehensive strategy for conserving global biodiversity should also consider the other half of species, as well as the [ecosystem](/source/ecosystem)s that support them.

Several habitats, such as [Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub](/source/Mediterranean_forests%2C_woodlands%2C_and_scrub) [biome](/source/biome), were determined to be more threatened than tropical rain forests, and therefore require concerted conservation action. WWF maintains that "although conservation action typically takes place at the country level, patterns of biodiversity and ecological processes (e.g., migration) do not conform to political boundaries", which is why ecoregion-based conservation strategies are deemed essential.

===Classification===
Historically, zoologists and botanists have developed various classification systems that take into account the world's plant and animal communities. Two of the worldwide classification systems most commonly used today were summarized by [Miklos Udvardy](/source/Miklos_Udvardy) in 1975.

The Earth's land surface can be divided into eight [biogeographic realm](/source/biogeographic_realm)s (formerly called kingdoms, and which the BBC calls ecozones) that represent the major terrestrial communities of animals and plants, and are a synthesis of previous systems of [floristic province](/source/floristic_province)s and faunal regions. The biome system classifies the world into ecosystem types (i.e. forests, grasslands, etc.) based on climate and vegetation. Each biogeographical realm contains multiple biomes, and biomes occur across several biogeographical realms. A system of [biogeographical provinces](/source/biogeographical_provinces) was developed to identify specific geographic areas in each biogeographical realm that were of a consistent biome type, and shared distinct plant and animal communities. The WWF system represents a further refinement of the system of biomes (which the WWF calls "major habitat types"), biogeographical realms, and biogeographical provinces (the WWF scheme divides most biogeographical provinces into multiple smaller ecoregions).

===Selection process===
Based on a comprehensive list of [ecoregion](/source/ecoregion)s, The Global 200 includes all major habitat types (biomes), all [ecosystem](/source/ecosystem) types, and [species](/source/species) from every major habitat type. It focuses on each major habitat type of every continent (such as [tropical forest](/source/tropical_forest)s or [coral reef](/source/coral_reef)s). It uses [ecoregion](/source/ecoregion)s as the unit of scale for comparison. WWF say ecoregions could be considered as conservation units at regional scale because they meet similar biological communities.

Some ecoregions were selected over other ecoregions of the same major habitat type (biome) or realm. Selection of the Global 200 relied on extensive studies of 19 terrestrial, freshwater, and marine major habitat types. Selection of the ecoregions was based on analyses of species richness, species [endemism](/source/endemic_(ecology)), unique higher [taxa](/source/taxon), unusual ecological or evolutionary phenomena, and global rarity of major habitat type.

Global 200 ecoregion list is most helpful to conservation efforts at a regional scale: local [deforestation](/source/deforestation), destruction of swamp habitats, degradation of soils, etc. However, certain phenomena, such as bird or whale [migration](/source/Fish_migration), depend on more complex parameters not used to define the current [database](/source/database), such as atmospheric currents and dynamic [pelagic](/source/pelagic) ecosystems. These would require gathering more information, and co-ordination of efforts between multiple ecoregions. However, the Global 200 ecoregions can help these efforts by identifying habitat sites and resting sites for migratory animals. It may also help identify the origin of [invasive species](/source/invasive_species), and offer insights for slowing down or stopping their intrusion.

==Global 200: [Terrestrial](/source/Terrestrial_ecoregion)==

===[Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests](/source/Tropical_and_subtropical_moist_broadleaf_forests)===
{{main|Tropical rainforest}}
{{main|Tropical seasonal forest}}

====[Afrotropical](/source/Afrotropical)====
*[Guinean moist forests](/source/Guinean_moist_forests)
**AT0111 [Eastern Guinean forests](/source/Eastern_Guinean_forests)
**AT0114 [Guinean montane forests](/source/Guinean_montane_forests)
**AT0130 [Western Guinean lowland forests](/source/Western_Guinean_lowland_forests)
*[Congolian coastal forests](/source/Congolian_coastal_forests)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/congolian_coastal_forests.cfm |title=Congolian Coastal Forests - A Global Ecoregion |access-date=2017-01-10 |archive-date=2017-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111003509/http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/congolian_coastal_forests.cfm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
**AT0102 [Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests](/source/Atlantic_Equatorial_coastal_forests)
**AT0107 [Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests](/source/Cross%E2%80%93Sanaga%E2%80%93Bioko_coastal_forests)
**AT0127 [São Tomé, Príncipe, and Annobón forests](/source/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9%2C_Pr%C3%ADncipe%2C_and_Annob%C3%B3n_forests)
*[Cameroon Highlands forests](/source/Cameroon_Highlands_forests)
**AT0103 [Cameroonian Highlands forests](/source/Cameroonian_Highlands_forests)
**AT0121 [Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests](/source/Mount_Cameroon_and_Bioko_montane_forests)
*[Northeastern Congolian lowland forests](/source/Northeastern_Congolian_lowland_forests)
**AT0124 [Northeastern Congolian lowland forests](/source/Northeastern_Congolian_lowland_forests)
*Central Congo Basin Moist Forests
**AT0104 [Central Congolian lowland forests](/source/Central_Congolian_lowland_forests)
**AT0110 [Eastern Congolian swamp forests](/source/Eastern_Congolian_swamp_forests)
*Western Congo Basin Moist Forests
**AT0126 [Northwestern Congolian lowland forests](/source/Northwestern_Congolian_lowland_forests)
**AT0129 [Western Congolian swamp forests](/source/Western_Congolian_swamp_forests)
*Albertine Rift montane forests
**AT0101 [Albertine Rift montane forests](/source/Albertine_Rift_montane_forests)
*[East African Coastal Forests](/source/East_African_Coastal_Forests)
**AT0125 [Northern Zanzibar–Inhambane coastal forest mosaic](/source/Northern_Zanzibar%E2%80%93Inhambane_coastal_forest_mosaic)
**AT0128 [Southern Zanzibar–Inhambane coastal forest mosaic](/source/Southern_Zanzibar%E2%80%93Inhambane_coastal_forest_mosaic)
*Eastern Arc Montane Forests ([Kenya](/source/Kenya), [Tanzania](/source/Tanzania))
**AT0109 [Eastern Arc forests](/source/Eastern_Arc_forests)
*Madagascar lowlands and subhumid forests
**AT0117 [Madagascar lowland forests](/source/Madagascar_lowland_forests)
**AT0118 [Madagascar subhumid forests](/source/Madagascar_subhumid_forests)
*[Seychelles](/source/Seychelles) and [Mascarene Islands](/source/Mascarene_Islands) moist forests
**AT0113 [Granitic Seychelles forests](/source/Granitic_Seychelles_forests)
**AT0120 [Mascarene forests](/source/Mascarene_forests)

====[Australasia](/source/Australasian_realm)====
*[Sulawesi](/source/Sulawesi) moist forests
**AA0123 [Sulawesi lowland rain forests](/source/Sulawesi_lowland_rain_forests)
**AA0124 [Sulawesi montane rain forests](/source/Sulawesi_montane_rain_forests)
*[Moluccas](/source/Maluku_Islands) moist forests ([Indonesia](/source/Indonesia))
**AA0106 [Halmahera rain forests](/source/Halmahera_rain_forests)
**AA0118 [Seram rain forests](/source/Seram_rain_forests)
*Southern New Guinea lowland forests
**AA0122 [Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests](/source/Southern_New_Guinea_lowland_rain_forests)
**AA0128 [Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests](/source/Vogelkop-Aru_lowland_rain_forests)
*New Guinea montane forests
**AA0105 [Central Range montane rain forests](/source/Central_Range_montane_rain_forests)
**AA0107 [Huon Peninsula montane rain forests](/source/Huon_Peninsula_montane_rain_forests)
**AA0120 [Southeastern Papuan rain forests](/source/Southeastern_Papuan_rain_forests)
**AA0127 [Vogelkop montane rain forests](/source/Vogelkop_montane_rain_forests)
*[Solomons–Vanuatu–Bismarck moist forests](/source/Solomons%E2%80%93Vanuatu%E2%80%93Bismarck_moist_forests)
**AA0101 [Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests](/source/Admiralty_Islands_lowland_rain_forests)
**AA0111 [New Britain–New Ireland lowland rain forests](/source/New_Britain%E2%80%93New_Ireland_lowland_rain_forests)
**AA0112 [New Britain–New Ireland montane rain forests](/source/New_Britain%E2%80%93New_Ireland_montane_rain_forests)
**AA0119 [Solomon Islands rain forests](/source/Solomon_Islands_rain_forests)
**AA0126 [Vanuatu rain forests](/source/Vanuatu_rain_forests)
*Queensland tropical rain forests
**AA0117 [Queensland tropical rain forests](/source/Queensland_tropical_rain_forests)
*New Caledonia moist forests
**AA0113 [New Caledonia rain forests](/source/New_Caledonia_rain_forests)
*[Lord Howe](/source/Lord_Howe_Island)&ndash;[Norfolk Island](/source/Norfolk_Island)s forests
**AA0109 [Lord Howe Island subtropical forests](/source/Lord_Howe_Island_subtropical_forests)
**AA0114 [Norfolk Island subtropical forests](/source/Norfolk_Island_subtropical_forests)

====[Indomalaya](/source/Indomalaya)====
*South Western Ghats montane rain forests and moist deciduous forests
**IM0150 [South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests](/source/South_Western_Ghats_moist_deciduous_forests)
**IM0151 [South Western Ghats montane rain forests](/source/South_Western_Ghats_montane_rain_forests)
*[Sri Lanka](/source/Sri_Lanka) moist forests
**IM0154 [Sri Lanka lowland rain forests](/source/Sri_Lanka_lowland_rain_forests)
**IM0155 [Sri Lanka montane rain forests](/source/Sri_Lanka_montane_rain_forests)
*Northern [Indochina](/source/Indochina) Subtropical moist forests
**IM0137 [Northern Indochina subtropical forests](/source/Northern_Indochina_subtropical_forests)
*Southeast China-Hainan moist forests
**IM0149 [South China–Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests](/source/South_China%E2%80%93Vietnam_subtropical_evergreen_forests)
**IM0169 [Hainan Island monsoon rain forests](/source/Hainan_Island_monsoon_rain_forests)
*[Taiwan](/source/Taiwan) montane forests
**IM0172 [Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests](/source/Taiwan_subtropical_evergreen_forests)
*[Annamite Range](/source/Annamite_Range) moist forests ([Cambodia](/source/Cambodia), [Laos](/source/Laos), [Vietnam](/source/Vietnam))
**IM0136 [Northern Annamites rain forests](/source/Northern_Annamites_rain_forests)
**IM0152 [Southern Annamites montane rain forests](/source/Southern_Annamites_montane_rain_forests)
*Sumatran Islands lowland and montane forests
**IM0157 [Sumatran freshwater swamp forests](/source/Sumatran_freshwater_swamp_forests)
**IM0158 [Sumatran lowland rain forests](/source/Sumatran_lowland_rain_forests)
**IM0159 [Sumatran montane rain forests](/source/Sumatran_montane_rain_forests)
**IM0160 [Sumatran peat swamp forests](/source/Sumatran_peat_swamp_forests)
*[Philippines moist forests](/source/Ecoregions_of_the_Philippines)
**IM0114 [Greater Negros–Panay rain forests](/source/Greater_Negros%E2%80%93Panay_rain_forests)
**IM0122 [Luzon montane rain forests](/source/Luzon_montane_rain_forests)
**IM0123 [Luzon rain forests](/source/Luzon_rain_forests)
**IM0128 [Mindanao montane rain forests](/source/Mindanao_montane_rain_forests)
**IM0129 [Mindanao–Eastern Visayas rain forests](/source/Mindanao%E2%80%93Eastern_Visayas_rain_forests)
**IM0130 [Mindoro rain forests](/source/Mindoro_rain_forests)
**IM0156 [Sulu Archipelago rain forests](/source/Sulu_Archipelago_rain_forests)
*[Palawan](/source/Palawan) moist forests
**IM0143 [Palawan rain forests](/source/Palawan_rain_forests)
*[Kayah](/source/Kayah_State)-Karen/[Tenasserim](/source/Tanintharyi_Region) moist forests
**IM0119 [Kayah–Karen montane rain forests](/source/Kayah%E2%80%93Karen_montane_rain_forests)
**IM0163 [Tenasserim–South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests](/source/Tenasserim%E2%80%93South_Thailand_semi-evergreen_rain_forests)
*Peninsular Malaysian lowland and montane forests
**IM0144 [Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests](/source/Peninsular_Malaysian_montane_rain_forests)
**IM0145 [Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests](/source/Peninsular_Malaysian_peat_swamp_forests)
**IM0146 [Peninsular Malaysian rain forests](/source/Peninsular_Malaysian_rain_forests)
*[Borneo](/source/Borneo) lowland and montane forests
**IM0102 [Borneo lowland rain forest](/source/Borneo_lowland_rain_forest)s
**IM0103 [Borneo montane rain forests](/source/Borneo_montane_rain_forests)
**IM0104 [Borneo peat swamp forests](/source/Borneo_peat_swamp_forests)
*[Nansei Shoto Archipelago forests](/source/Nansei_Shoto_Archipelago_forests) (Japan)
**IM0170 [Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests](/source/Nansei_Islands_subtropical_evergreen_forests)
*Eastern [Deccan Plateau](/source/Deccan_Plateau) moist forests (India)
**IM0111 [Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests](/source/Eastern_highlands_moist_deciduous_forests)
*[Naga-Manupuri-Chin hills moist forests](/source/Naga-Manupuri-Chin_hills_moist_forests) ([Bangladesh](/source/Bangladesh), India, [Myanmar](/source/Myanmar))
**IM0109 [Chin Hills–Arakan Yoma montane forests](/source/Chin_Hills%E2%80%93Arakan_Yoma_montane_forests)
**IM0120 [Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests](/source/Lower_Gangetic_Plains_moist_deciduous_forests)
**IM0131 [Mizoram–Manipur–Kachin rain forests](/source/Mizoram%E2%80%93Manipur%E2%80%93Kachin_rain_forests)
*Cardamom Mountains moist forests
**IM0106 [Cardamom Mountains rain forests](/source/Cardamom_Mountains_rain_forests)
*Western Java montane forests
**IM0167 [Western Java montane rain forests](/source/Western_Java_montane_rain_forests)
*Maldives–Lakshadweep–Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests
**IM0125 [Maldives–Lakshadweep–Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests](/source/Maldives%E2%80%93Lakshadweep%E2%80%93Chagos_Archipelago_tropical_moist_forests)

====[Neotropic](/source/Neotropic)====
*[Greater Antillean](/source/Greater_Antilles) moist forests
**NT0120 [Cuban moist forests](/source/Cuban_moist_forests)
**NT0127 [Hispaniolan moist forests](/source/Hispaniolan_moist_forests)
**NT0131 [Jamaican moist forests](/source/Jamaican_moist_forests)
**NT0155 [Puerto Rican moist forests](/source/Puerto_Rican_moist_forests)
*Talamancan-Isthmian Pacific forests
**NT0167 [Talamancan montane forests](/source/Talamancan_montane_forests)
*Choco–Darien moist forests
**NT0115 [Chocó–Darién moist forests](/source/Choc%C3%B3%E2%80%93Dari%C3%A9n_moist_forests)
*Northern Andean montane forests
**NT0145 [Northwestern Andean montane forests](/source/Northwestern_Andean_montane_forests)
*Coastal [Venezuela](/source/Venezuela) montane forests
**NT0147 [Orinoco Delta swamp forests](/source/Orinoco_Delta_swamp_forests)
**NT0169 [Tepuis](/source/Tepuis)
**NT0171 [Trinidad and Tobago moist forests](/source/Trinidad_and_Tobago_moist_forests)
*Guianan moist forests
**NT0125 [Guianan moist forests](/source/Guianan_moist_forests)
*Napo moist forests
**NT0142 [Napo moist forests](/source/Napo_moist_forests)
*Rio Negro - Juruá moist forests
**NT0132 [Japurá–Solimões–Negro moist forests](/source/Japur%C3%A1%E2%80%93Solim%C3%B5es%E2%80%93Negro_moist_forests)
**NT0133 [Juruá–Purus moist forests](/source/Juru%C3%A1%E2%80%93Purus_moist_forests)
**NT0158 [Rio Negro campinarana](/source/Rio_Negro_campinarana)
*[Guayana](/source/The_Guyanas) Highlands moist forests
**NT0124 [Guayanan Highlands moist forests](/source/Guayanan_Highlands_moist_forests)
*Central Andean [yungas](/source/yungas)
**NT0105 [Bolivian Yungas](/source/Bolivian_Yungas)
**NT0153 [Peruvian Yungas](/source/Peruvian_Yungas)
*Southwestern Amazonian moist forests
**NT0166 [Southwest Amazon moist forests](/source/Southwest_Amazon_moist_forests)
*[Atlantic forests](/source/Atlantic_forests)
**NT0103 [Bahia coastal forests](/source/Bahia_coastal_forests)
**NT0151 [Pernambuco coastal forests](/source/Pernambuco_coastal_forests)
**NT0160 [Serra do Mar coastal forests](/source/Serra_do_Mar_coastal_forests)

====[Oceania](/source/Oceanian_realm)====
*South Pacific Islands forests ([American Samoa](/source/American_Samoa), [Cook Islands](/source/Cook_Islands), [Fiji](/source/Fiji), [French Polynesia](/source/French_Polynesia), [Niue](/source/Niue), [Samoa](/source/Samoa), [Tonga](/source/Tonga), [Wallis and Futuna Islands](/source/Wallis_and_Futuna_Islands))
**OC0102 [Central Polynesian tropical moist forests](/source/Central_Polynesian_tropical_moist_forests)
**OC0103 [Cook Islands tropical moist forests](/source/Cook_Islands_tropical_moist_forests)
**OC0104 [Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests](/source/Eastern_Micronesia_tropical_moist_forests)
**OC0105 [Fiji tropical moist forests](/source/Fiji_tropical_moist_forests)
**OC0112 [Samoan tropical moist forests](/source/Samoan_tropical_moist_forests)
**OC0114 [Tongan tropical moist forests](/source/Tongan_tropical_moist_forests)
**OC0117 [Western Polynesian tropical moist forests](/source/Western_Polynesian_tropical_moist_forests)
*[Hawaii](/source/Hawaii) moist forests
**OC0106 [Hawaiian tropical rainforests](/source/Hawaiian_tropical_rainforests)

===[Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests](/source/Tropical_and_subtropical_dry_broadleaf_forests)===

====Afrotropic====
*[Madagascar](/source/Madagascar) dry deciduous forests
**AT0202 [Madagascar dry deciduous forests](/source/Madagascar_dry_deciduous_forests)

====Australasia====
*[Nusa Tenggara](/source/Lesser_Sunda_Islands) Dry Forests ([Indonesia](/source/Indonesia))
**AA0201 [Lesser Sundas deciduous forests](/source/Lesser_Sundas_deciduous_forests)
**AA0203 [Sumba deciduous forests](/source/Sumba_deciduous_forests)
**AA0204 [Timor and Wetar deciduous forests](/source/Timor_and_Wetar_deciduous_forests)
*[New Caledonia](/source/New_Caledonia) dry forests
**AA0202 [New Caledonia dry forests](/source/New_Caledonia_dry_forests)

====Indomalaya====
*[Indochina](/source/Indochina) dry forests
**IM0202 [Central Indochina dry forests](/source/Central_Indochina_dry_forests)
*Chhota - Nagpur dry forests
**IM0203 [Chota Nagpur dry deciduous forests](/source/Chota_Nagpur_dry_deciduous_forests)

====Neotropic====
*[Mexican dry forests](/source/Mexican_dry_forests)
**NT0204 [Bajio dry forests](/source/Bajio_dry_forests)
**NT0205 [Balsas dry forests](/source/Balsas_dry_forests)
**NT0227 [Sierra de la Laguna dry forests](/source/Sierra_de_la_Laguna_dry_forests)
*Tumbesian - Andean valleys dry forests ([Colombia](/source/Colombia), [Ecuador](/source/Ecuador), [Peru](/source/Peru))
**NT0201 [Apure–Villavicencio dry forests](/source/Apure%E2%80%93Villavicencio_dry_forests)
**NT0214 [Ecuadorian dry forests](/source/Ecuadorian_dry_forests)
**NT0221 [Magdalena Valley dry forests](/source/Magdalena_Valley_dry_forests)
**NT0223 [Marañón dry forests](/source/Mara%C3%B1%C3%B3n_dry_forests)
**NT0232 [Tumbes–Piura dry forests](/source/Tumbes%E2%80%93Piura_dry_forests)
*Chiquitano dry forests
**NT0212 [Chiquitano dry forests](/source/Chiquitano_dry_forests)
*Atlantic dry forests
**NT0202 [Atlantic dry forests](/source/Atlantic_dry_forests)

====Oceania====
*[Hawaii](/source/Hawaii) dry forests
**OC0202 [Hawaiian tropical dry forests](/source/Hawaiian_tropical_dry_forests)

===[Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests](/source/Tropical_and_subtropical_coniferous_forests)===

====[Nearctic](/source/Nearctic)====
*Sierra Madre Oriental and Occidental pine-oak forests
**NA0302 [Sierra Madre Occidental pine–oak forests](/source/Sierra_Madre_Occidental_pine%E2%80%93oak_forests)
**NA0303 [Sierra Madre Oriental pine–oak forests](/source/Sierra_Madre_Oriental_pine%E2%80%93oak_forests)

====Neotropic====
*Greater Antillean pine forests
**NT0304 [Cuban pine forests](/source/Cuban_pine_forests)
**NT0305 [Hispaniolan pine forests](/source/Hispaniolan_pine_forests)
*[Mesoamerican pine–oak forests](/source/Mesoamerican_pine%E2%80%93oak_forests) ([El Salvador](/source/El_Salvador), [Guatemala](/source/Guatemala), [Honduras](/source/Honduras), [Mexico](/source/Mexico), [Nicaragua](/source/Nicaragua))
**NT0308 [Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine–oak forests](/source/Sierra_Madre_de_Oaxaca_pine%E2%80%93oak_forests)
**NT0309 [Sierra Madre del Sur pine–oak forests](/source/Sierra_Madre_del_Sur_pine%E2%80%93oak_forests)
**NT0310 [Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine–oak forests](/source/Trans-Mexican_Volcanic_Belt_pine%E2%80%93oak_forests)

===[Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests](/source/Temperate_broadleaf_and_mixed_forests)===

====Australasia====
*Eastern Australia temperate forests
**AA0402 [Eastern Australian temperate forests](/source/Eastern_Australian_temperate_forests)
*Tasmanian temperate rain forests
**AA0413 [Tasmanian temperate rain forests](/source/Tasmanian_temperate_rain_forests)
*New Zealand temperate forests
**AA0403 [Fiordland temperate forests](/source/Fiordland_temperate_forests)
**AA0404 [Nelson Coast temperate forests](/source/Nelson_Coast_temperate_forests)
**AA0405 [Northland temperate forests](/source/Northland_temperate_forests)
**AA0406 [Northland temperate kauri forests](/source/Northland_temperate_kauri_forests)
**AA0407 [Rakiura Island temperate forests](/source/Rakiura_Island_temperate_forests)
**AA0410 [Southland temperate forests](/source/Southland_temperate_forests)
**AA0414 [Westland temperate forests](/source/Westland_temperate_forests)

====Indomalaya====
*Eastern Himalayan broadleaf and conifer forests
**IM0401 [Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests](/source/Eastern_Himalayan_broadleaf_forests)
*Western Himalayan temperate forests
**IM0403 [Western Himalayan broadleaf forests](/source/Western_Himalayan_broadleaf_forests)

====Nearctic====
*Appalachian and mixed mesophytic forests
**NA0402 [Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests](/source/Appalachian_mixed_mesophytic_forests)

====Neotropic====
*[Valdivian temperate rain forests](/source/Valdivian_temperate_rain_forests) - [Juan Fernández Islands](/source/Juan_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Islands)
**NT0401 [Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests](/source/Juan_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Islands_temperate_forests)
**NT0404 [Valdivian temperate forests](/source/Valdivian_temperate_forests)

====[Palearctic](/source/Palearctic)====
*Southwest China temperate forests
**PA0417 [Daba Mountains evergreen forests](/source/Daba_Mountains_evergreen_forests)
**PA0434 [Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests](/source/Qin_Ling_Mountains_deciduous_forests)
**PA0437 [Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests](/source/Sichuan_Basin_evergreen_broadleaf_forests)
*Russian Far East temperate forests
**PA0426 [Manchurian mixed forests](/source/Manchurian_mixed_forests)
**PA0443 [Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests](/source/Ussuri_broadleaf_and_mixed_forests)

===[Temperate coniferous forests](/source/Temperate_coniferous_forests)===

====Nearctic====
*[Pacific temperate rain forests](/source/Pacific_temperate_rain_forests)
**NA0510 [Central Pacific coastal forests](/source/Central_Pacific_coastal_forests)
**NA0512 [Eastern Cascades forests](/source/Eastern_Cascades_forests)
**NA0520 [Northern Pacific coastal forests](/source/Northern_Pacific_coastal_forests)
*Klamath - Siskiyou forests
**NA0516 [Klamath-Siskiyou forests](/source/Klamath-Siskiyou_forests)
*Sierra Nevada forests
**NA0527 [Sierra Nevada forests](/source/Sierra_Nevada_forests)
*Southeastern coniferous and broadleaf forests
**NA0529 [Southeastern conifer forests](/source/Southeastern_conifer_forests)

====Palearctic====
*[European - Mediterranean montane mixed forests](/source/European-Mediterranean_montane_mixed_forest)
**PA0501 [Alps conifer and mixed forests](/source/Alps_conifer_and_mixed_forests)
**PA0513 [Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests](/source/Mediterranean_conifer_and_mixed_forests)
*[Caucasus-Anatolian-Hyrcanian temperate forest](/source/Caucasus-Anatolian-Hyrcanian_temperate_forest) ([Armenia](/source/Armenia), [Azerbaijan](/source/Azerbaijan), [Bulgaria](/source/Bulgaria), [Georgia](/source/Georgia_(country)), [Iran](/source/Iran), [Russia](/source/Russia), [Turkey](/source/Turkey), [Turkmenistan](/source/Turkmenistan))
**PA0407 [Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests](/source/Caspian_Hyrcanian_mixed_forests)
**PA0408 [Caucasus mixed forests](/source/Caucasus_mixed_forests)
**PA0507 [Elburz Range forest steppe](/source/Elburz_Range_forest_steppe)
**PA0515 [Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests](/source/Northern_Anatolian_conifer_and_deciduous_forests)
*Altai - Sayan montane forests
**PA0502 [Altai montane forest and forest steppe](/source/Altai_montane_forest_and_forest_steppe)
**PA0519 [Sayan montane conifer forests](/source/Sayan_montane_conifer_forests)
*Hengduan Shan coniferous forests
**PA0509 [Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests](/source/Hengduan_Mountains_subalpine_conifer_forests)

===[Boreal forests/taiga](/source/Boreal_forests%2Ftaiga)===

====Nearctic====
*Muskwa / Slave Lake boreal forests
**NA0610 [Muskwa–Slave Lake forests](/source/Muskwa%E2%80%93Slave_Lake_forests)
*Canadian Boreal Forests
**NA0606 [Eastern Canadian Shield taiga](/source/Eastern_Canadian_Shield_taiga)

====Palearctic====
*Ural Mountains taiga
**PA0610 [Urals montane tundra and taiga](/source/Urals_montane_tundra_and_taiga)
*East Siberian taiga
**PA0601 [East Siberian taiga](/source/East_Siberian_taiga)
*[Kamchatka](/source/Kamchatka) taiga and grasslands
**PA0603 [Kamchatka–Kurile meadows and sparse forests](/source/Kamchatka%E2%80%93Kurile_meadows_and_sparse_forests)
**PA0604 [Kamchatka–Kurile taiga](/source/Kamchatka%E2%80%93Kurile_taiga)

===[Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands](/source/Tropical_and_subtropical_grasslands%2C_savannas%2C_and_shrublands)===

====Afrotropic====
*[Horn of Africa](/source/Horn_of_Africa) acacia savannas
**AT0715 [Somali Acacia–Commiphora bushlands and thickets](/source/Somali_Acacia%E2%80%93Commiphora_bushlands_and_thickets)
*East African acacia savannas
**AT0711 [Northern Acacia–Commiphora bushlands and thickets](/source/Northern_Acacia%E2%80%93Commiphora_bushlands_and_thickets)
*Central and Eastern miombo woodlands
**AT0704 [Central Zambezian miombo woodlands](/source/Central_Zambezian_miombo_woodlands)
**AT0706 [Eastern miombo woodlands](/source/Eastern_miombo_woodlands)
*[Sudanian savannas](/source/Sudanian_savannas)
**AT0705 [East Sudanian savanna](/source/East_Sudanian_savanna)
**AT0722 [West Sudanian savanna](/source/West_Sudanian_savanna)

====Australasia====
*Northern Australia and Trans-Fly savannas
**AA0701 [Arnhem Land tropical savanna](/source/Arnhem_Land_tropical_savanna)
**AA0702 [Brigalow tropical savanna](/source/Brigalow_tropical_savanna)
**AA0703 [Cape York tropical savanna](/source/Cape_York_tropical_savanna)
**AA0704 [Carpentaria tropical savanna](/source/Carpentaria_tropical_savanna)
**AA0705 [Einasleigh upland savanna](/source/Einasleigh_upland_savanna)
**AA0706 [Kimberley tropical savanna](/source/Kimberley_tropical_savanna)
**AA0708 [Trans-Fly savanna and grasslands](/source/Trans-Fly_savanna_and_grasslands)

====Indomalaya====
*Terai-Duar savannas and grasslands
**IM0701 [Terai–Duar savanna and grasslands](/source/Terai%E2%80%93Duar_savanna_and_grasslands)

====Neotropic====
*Llanos savannas
**NT0709 [Llanos](/source/Llanos)
*Cerrado woodlands and savannas
**NT0704 [Cerrado](/source/Cerrado)

===[Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands](/source/Temperate_grasslands%2C_savannas%2C_and_shrublands)===

====Nearctic====
*Northern [prairie](/source/prairie)
**NA0810 [Northern mixed grasslands](/source/Northern_mixed_grasslands)
**NA0811 [Northern short grasslands](/source/Northern_short_grasslands)
**NA0812 [Northern tall grasslands](/source/Northern_tall_grasslands)

====Neotropic====
*Patagonian steppe
**NT0805 [Patagonian steppe](/source/Patagonian_steppe)

====Palearctic====
*Daurian steppe
**PA0804 [Daurian forest steppe](/source/Daurian_forest_steppe)

===[Flooded grasslands and savannas](/source/Flooded_grasslands_and_savannas)===

====Afrotropic====
*[Sudd](/source/Sudd) - Sahelian flooded grasslands and savannas ([Cameroon](/source/Cameroon), [Chad](/source/Chad), [Ethiopia](/source/Ethiopia), [Mali](/source/Mali), [Niger](/source/Niger), [Nigeria](/source/Nigeria), [Sudan](/source/Sudan), [Uganda](/source/Uganda))
**AT0903 [Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna](/source/Inner_Niger_Delta_flooded_savanna)
**AT0904 [Lake Chad flooded savanna](/source/Lake_Chad_flooded_savanna)
**AT0905 [Saharan flooded grasslands](/source/Saharan_flooded_grasslands)
*Zambezian flooded savannas
**AT0907 [Zambezian flooded grasslands](/source/Zambezian_flooded_grasslands)

====Indomalaya====
*[Rann of Kutch](/source/Rann_of_Kutch) flooded grasslands
**IM0901 [Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh](/source/Rann_of_Kutch_seasonal_salt_marsh)

====Neotropic====
*[Everglades](/source/Everglades) flooded grasslands
**NT0904 [Everglades](/source/Everglades)
*[Pantanal](/source/Pantanal) flooded savannas
**NT0907 [Pantanal](/source/Pantanal)

===[Montane grasslands and shrublands](/source/Montane_grasslands_and_shrublands)===

====Afrotropic====
*Ethiopian Highlands
**AT1007 [Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands](/source/Ethiopian_montane_grasslands_and_woodlands)
**AT1008 [Ethiopian montane moorlands](/source/Ethiopian_montane_moorlands)
*Southern Rift montane woodlands
**AT1015 [Southern Rift montane forest–grassland mosaic](/source/Southern_Rift_montane_forest%E2%80%93grassland_mosaic)
*East African moorlands
**AT1005 [East African montane moorlands](/source/East_African_montane_moorlands)
*[Drakensberg](/source/Drakensberg) montane shrublands and woodlands
**AT1003 [Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands](/source/Drakensberg_alti-montane_grasslands_and_woodlands)
**AT1004 [Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests](/source/Drakensberg_montane_grasslands%2C_woodlands_and_forests)

====Australasian====
* New Guinea Central Range subalpine grasslands
** AA 1002 [Central Range subalpine grasslands](/source/Central_Range_subalpine_grasslands)

====Indomalaya====
*Kinabalu montane shrublands
**IM1001 [Kinabalu montane alpine meadows](/source/Kinabalu_montane_alpine_meadows)

====Neotropic====
*Northern Andean [páramo](/source/p%C3%A1ramo)
**NT1006 [Northern Andean páramo](/source/Northern_Andean_p%C3%A1ramo)
*Central Andean dry [puna](/source/puna_grassland)
**NT1001 [Central Andean dry puna](/source/Central_Andean_dry_puna)

====Palearctic====
*Tibetan Plateau steppe
**PA1020 [Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows](/source/Tibetan_Plateau_alpine_shrublands_and_meadows)
*Middle Asian montane steppe and woodlands ([Afghanistan](/source/Afghanistan), China, [Kazakhstan](/source/Kazakhstan), [Kyrgyzstan](/source/Kyrgyzstan), [Tajikistan](/source/Tajikistan), [Turkmenistan](/source/Turkmenistan), [Uzbekistan](/source/Uzbekistan))
**PA1011 [North Tibetan Plateau–Kunlun Mountains alpine desert](/source/North_Tibetan_Plateau%E2%80%93Kunlun_Mountains_alpine_desert)
**PA1015 [Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows](/source/Qilian_Mountains_subalpine_meadows)
**PA1013 [Ordos Plateau steppe](/source/Ordos_Plateau_steppe)
*Eastern Himalayan alpine meadows
**PA1003 [Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows](/source/Eastern_Himalayan_alpine_shrub_and_meadows)

===[Tundra](/source/Tundra)===

====[Nearctic](/source/Nearctic)====
*Alaskan North Slope coastal tundra (Canada, United States)
**NA1103 [Arctic coastal tundra](/source/Arctic_coastal_tundra)
**NA1104 [Arctic foothills tundra](/source/Arctic_foothills_tundra)
**NA1108 [Brooks–British Range tundra](/source/Brooks%E2%80%93British_Range_tundra)
*Canadian low arctic tundra (Canada)
**NA1114 [Low Arctic tundra](/source/Low_Arctic_tundra)
**NA1116 [Ogilvie–MacKenzie alpine tundra](/source/Ogilvie%E2%80%93MacKenzie_alpine_tundra)
**NA1118 [Torngat Mountain tundra](/source/Torngat_Mountain_tundra)

====[Palearctic](/source/Palearctic)====
*Fenno - Scandia alpine tundra and taiga (Finland, Norway, Russia, Sweden)
**PA1106 [Kola Peninsula tundra](/source/Kola_Peninsula_tundra)
**PA1110 [Scandinavian montane birch forest and grasslands](/source/Scandinavian_montane_birch_forest_and_grasslands)
*Taimyr and Siberian coastal tundra
**PA1107 [Northeast Siberian coastal tundra](/source/Northeast_Siberian_coastal_tundra)
**PA1111 [Taimyr–Central Siberian tundra](/source/Taimyr%E2%80%93Central_Siberian_tundra)
*Chukote coastal tundra (Russia)
**PA1104 [Chukchi Peninsula tundra](/source/Chukchi_Peninsula_tundra)

===[Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub](/source/Mediterranean_forests%2C_woodlands%2C_and_scrub)===

====Afrotropic====
*[Fynbos](/source/Fynbos)
**AT1202 [Lowland fynbos and renosterveld](/source/Lowland_fynbos_and_renosterveld)
**AT1203 [Montane fynbos and renosterveld](/source/Montane_fynbos_and_renosterveld)

====Australasia====
*[Southwestern Australia](/source/Southwestern_Australia) forests and scrub
**AA1201 [Coolgardie woodlands](/source/Coolgardie_woodlands)
**AA1202 [Esperance mallee](/source/Esperance_mallee)
**AA1209 [Southwest Australia savanna](/source/Southwest_Australia_savanna)
**AA1210 [Southwest Australia woodlands](/source/Southwest_Australia_woodlands)
*Southern Australia mallee and woodlands
**AA1203 [Eyre and York mallee](/source/Eyre_and_York_mallee)
**AA1206 [Mount Lofty woodlands](/source/Mount_Lofty_woodlands)
**AA1208 [Naracoorte woodlands](/source/Naracoorte_woodlands)

====Nearctic====
*[California chaparral and woodlands](/source/California_chaparral_and_woodlands)
**NA1201 [California coastal sage and chaparral](/source/California_coastal_sage_and_chaparral)
**NA1202 [California interior chaparral and woodlands](/source/California_interior_chaparral_and_woodlands)
**NA1203 [California montane chaparral and woodlands](/source/California_montane_chaparral_and_woodlands)

====Neotropic====
*Chilean Matorral
**NT1201 [Chilean Matorral](/source/Chilean_Matorral)

====Palearctic====
*[Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub](/source/Mediterranean_forests%2C_woodlands%2C_and_scrub)
**PA1214 [Mediterranean woodlands and forests](/source/Mediterranean_woodlands_and_forests)

===[Deserts and xeric shrublands](/source/Deserts_and_xeric_shrublands)===

====Afrotropic====
*Namib - Karoo - Kaokoveld deserts ([Angola](/source/Angola), [Namibia](/source/Namibia), [South Africa](/source/South_Africa))
**AT1310 [Kaokoveld desert](/source/Kaokoveld_desert)
**AT1314 [Nama Karoo](/source/Nama_Karoo)
**AT1315 [Namib desert](/source/Namib_desert)
**AT1322 [Succulent Karoo](/source/Succulent_Karoo)
*Madagascar spiny thicket
**AT1311 [Madagascar spiny thickets](/source/Madagascar_spiny_thickets)
*[Socotra Island](/source/Socotra_Island) desert ([Yemen](/source/Yemen))
**AT1318 [Socotra Island xeric shrublands](/source/Socotra_Island_xeric_shrublands)
*Arabian Highland woodlands and shrublands ([Oman](/source/Oman), [Saudi Arabia](/source/Saudi_Arabia), [United Arab Emirates](/source/United_Arab_Emirates), [Yemen](/source/Yemen))
**AT1320 [Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna](/source/Southwestern_Arabian_foothills_savanna)
**AT1321 [Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands](/source/Southwestern_Arabian_montane_woodlands)

====Australasia====
*Carnavon xeric scrub
**AA1301 [Carnarvon xeric shrublands](/source/Carnarvon_xeric_shrublands)
*Great Sandy - Tanami deserts
**AA1304 [Great Sandy-Tanami desert](/source/Great_Sandy-Tanami_desert)

====Nearctic====
*Sonoran - Baja deserts
**NA1301 [Baja California desert](/source/Baja_California_desert)
**NA1310 [Sonoran Desert](/source/Sonoran_Desert)
*Chihuahuan - Tehuacan deserts
**NA1303 [Chihuahuan Desert](/source/Chihuahuan_Desert)

====Neotropic====
*[Galápagos Islands](/source/Gal%C3%A1pagos_Islands) scrub
**NT1307 [Galápagos Islands xeric scrub](/source/Gal%C3%A1pagos_Islands_xeric_scrub)
*Atacama - Sechura deserts
**NT1303 [Atacama Desert](/source/Atacama_Desert)
**NT1315 [Sechura Desert](/source/Sechura_Desert)
*Brazilian Atlantic Dry Forests
**NT1304 [Caatinga](/source/Caatinga) 

====Palearctic====
*Central Asian deserts ([Kazakhstan](/source/Kazakhstan), [Kyrgyzstan](/source/Kyrgyzstan), [Uzbekistan](/source/Uzbekistan), [Turkmenistan](/source/Turkmenistan))
**PA1310 [Central Asian northern desert](/source/Central_Asian_northern_desert)
**PA1312 [Central Asian southern desert](/source/Central_Asian_southern_desert)

===[Mangroves](/source/Mangroves)===

====Afrotropic====
*East African mangroves
**AT1402 [East African mangroves](/source/East_African_mangroves)
*Gulf of Guinea mangroves
**AT1403 [Guinean mangroves](/source/Guinean_mangroves)
*Madagascar mangroves
**AT1404 [Madagascar mangroves](/source/Madagascar_mangroves)

====Australasia====
*New Guinea mangroves
**AA1401 [New Guinea mangroves](/source/New_Guinea_mangroves)

====Indomalaya====
*Greater Sundas mangroves
**IM1405 [Sunda Shelf mangroves](/source/Sunda_Shelf_mangroves)
*Sundarbans mangroves
**IM1406 [Sundarbans mangroves](/source/Sundarbans_mangroves)

====Nearctic====
*Northwest Mexican coast mangroves
**NA1401 [Northwest Mexican coast mangroves](/source/Northwest_Mexican_coast_mangroves)

====Neotropic====
*Guianan - Amazon mangroves
**NT1401 [Alvarado mangroves](/source/Alvarado_mangroves)
**NT1402 [Amapá mangroves](/source/Amap%C3%A1_mangroves)
**NT1406 [Belizean reef mangroves](/source/Belizean_reef_mangroves)
**NT1411 [Guianan mangroves](/source/Guianan_mangroves)
**NT1427 [Pará mangroves](/source/Par%C3%A1_mangroves)
*[Panama Bight mangroves](/source/Panama_Bight_mangroves)
**NT1414 [Gulf of Panama mangroves](/source/Gulf_of_Panama_mangroves)
**NT1409 [Esmeraldas–Pacific Colombia mangroves](/source/Esmeraldas%E2%80%93Pacific_Colombia_mangroves)
**NT1418 [Manabí mangroves](/source/Manab%C3%AD_mangroves)
**NT1413 [Gulf of Guayaquil–Tumbes mangroves](/source/Gulf_of_Guayaquil%E2%80%93Tumbes_mangroves)

==Global 200: [Freshwater ecoregion](/source/Freshwater_ecoregion)s==

===Large rivers===

====Afrotropic====
*[Congo River](/source/Congo_River) and flooded forests ([Angola](/source/Angola), [Democratic Republic of Congo](/source/Democratic_Republic_of_Congo), [Republic of Congo](/source/Republic_of_Congo))

====Indomalaya====
*[Mekong River](/source/Mekong_River) (Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam)

====Nearctic====
*[Colorado River](/source/Colorado_River_(U.S.)) (Mexico, United States)
*Lower [Mississippi River](/source/Mississippi_River) (United States)

====Neotropic====
*[Amazon River](/source/Amazon_River) and flooded forests (Brazil, Colombia, Peru)
*[Orinoco River](/source/Orinoco_River) and flooded forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)

====Palearctic====
*[Yangtze River](/source/Yangtze_River) and lakes (China)

===Large river headwaters===

====Afrotropic====
*[Congo](/source/Congo_River) basin piedmont rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Republic of Congo, Sudan)

====Nearctic====
*[Mississippi](/source/Mississippi_River) [piedmont](/source/Piedmont_(United_States)) rivers and streams (United States)

====Neotropic====
*Upper [Amazon](/source/Amazon_River) rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela)
*Upper [Paraná](/source/Paran%C3%A1_River) rivers and streams (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay)
*Brazilian Shield [Amazonian](/source/Amazon_River) rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)

===Large [river delta](/source/river_delta)s===

====Afrotropic====
*[Niger River delta](/source/Niger_River_delta) ([Nigeria](/source/Nigeria))

====Indomalaya====
*[Indus River Delta](/source/Indus_River_Delta) (India, Pakistan)

====Palearctic====
*[Volga River Delta](/source/Volga_Delta) (Kazakhstan, Russia)
*[Mesopotamian delta and marshes](/source/Tigris-Euphrates_alluvial_salt_marsh) (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait)
*[Danube River delta](/source/Danube_Delta) (Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Ukraine, Yugoslavia)
*[Lena River](/source/Lena_River) delta (Russia)

===Small rivers===

====Afrotropic====
*Upper Guinea rivers and streams (Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone)
*Madagascar freshwater ([Madagascar](/source/Madagascar))
*[Gulf of Guinea](/source/Gulf_of_Guinea) rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, Republic of Congo)
*Cape rivers and streams ([South Africa](/source/South_Africa))

====Australasia====
*[New Guinea rivers and streams](/source/New_Guinea_rivers_and_streams) ([Indonesia](/source/Indonesia), [Papua New Guinea](/source/Papua_New_Guinea))
*[New Caledonia rivers and streams](/source/New_Caledonia_rivers_and_streams) ([New Caledonia](/source/New_Caledonia))
*Kimberley rivers and streams (Australia)
*[Southwest Australia](/source/Southwest_Australia) rivers and streams (Australia)
*Eastern Australia rivers and streams (Australia)

====Indomalaya====
*Xi Jiang rivers and streams (China, Vietnam)
*[Western Ghats](/source/Western_Ghats) Rivers and Streams (India)
*[Southwestern Sri Lanka rivers and streams](/source/Southwestern_Sri_Lanka_rivers_and_streams) ([Sri Lanka](/source/Sri_Lanka))
*[Salween River](/source/Salween_River) (China, Myanmar, Thailand)
*[Sundaland](/source/Sundaland) rivers and swamps (Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore)

====Nearctic====
*Southeastern rivers and streams (United States)
*[Pacific Northwest](/source/Pacific_Northwest) coastal rivers and streams (United States)
*[Gulf of Alaska](/source/Gulf_of_Alaska) coastal rivers and streams (Canada, United States)

====Neotropic====
*Guianan freshwater (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
*Greater Antillean freshwater (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico)

====Palearctic====
*Balkan rivers and streams (Albania, Bosnia and Herzogovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Macedonia, Turkey, Yugoslavia)
*Russian Far East rivers and wetlands (China, Mongolia, Russia)

===Large lakes===

====Afrotropic====
*[Rift Valley lakes](/source/Rift_Valley_lakes) (Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia)

====Neotropic====
*High Andean lakes (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru)

====Palearctic====
*[Lake Baikal](/source/Lake_Baikal) (Russia)
*[Lake Biwa](/source/Lake_Biwa) (Japan)

===Small lakes===

====Afrotropic====
*Cameroon crater lakes (Cameroon)

====Australasia====
*Lakes [Kutubu](/source/Lake_Kutubu) and Sentani (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea)
*Central [Sulawesi](/source/Sulawesi) lakes (Indonesia)

====Indomalaya====
*Philippines freshwater (Philippines)
*[Inle Lake](/source/Inle_Lake) (Myanmar)
*[Yunnan](/source/Yunnan) lakes and streams (China)

====Neotropic====
*Mexican highland lakes (Mexico)

===Xeric basins===

====Australasia====
*Central Australian freshwater (Australia)

====Nearctic====
*[Chihuahuan](/source/Chihuahuan_Desert) freshwater (Mexico, United States)

====Palearctic====
*Anatolian freshwater (Syria, Turkey)

==Global 200 Marine ecoregions==

===Polar===

====[Antarctic Ocean](/source/Antarctic_Ocean)====
*[Antarctic Peninsula & Weddell Sea](/source/Antarctic_Peninsula_%26_Weddell_Sea)

====[Arctic Ocean](/source/Arctic_Ocean)====
*[Bering Sea](/source/Bering_Sea) (Canada, Russia, United States)
*[Barents-Kara Sea](/source/Barents-Kara_Sea) (Norway, Russia)

===Temperate shelves and seas===

====[Mediterranean Sea](/source/Mediterranean_Sea)====
*Mediterranean (Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Monaco, Morocco, Serbia & Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey)

====[Temperate Northern Atlantic](/source/Temperate_Northern_Atlantic)====
*[Northeast Atlantic Shelf Marine](/source/Northeast_Atlantic_Shelf_Marine) (Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom)
*[Grand Banks](/source/Grand_Banks) (Canada, St. Pierre and Miquelon (France), United States)
*[Chesapeake Bay](/source/Chesapeake_Bay) (United States)

====[Temperate Northern Pacific](/source/Temperate_Northern_Pacific)====
*[Yellow Sea](/source/Yellow_Sea) (China, North Korea, South Korea)
*[Sea of Okhotsk](/source/Sea_of_Okhotsk) (Japan, Russia)

====[Southern Ocean](/source/Southern_Ocean)====
*[Patagonian Southwest Atlantic](/source/Patagonian_Southwest_Atlantic) (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay)
*[Southern Australian Marine](/source/Southern_Australian_Marine) (Australia)
*[New Zealand Marine](/source/New_Zealand_Marine) (New Zealand)

===[Temperate upwelling](/source/upwelling)===

====North Temperate Indo-Pacific====
*[California Current](/source/California_Current) (Canada, Mexico, United States)

====South Temperate Atlantic====
*[Benguela Current](/source/Benguela_Current) (Namibia, South Africa)

====South Temperate Indo-Pacific====
*[Humboldt Current](/source/Humboldt_Current) (Chile, Ecuador, Peru)
*[Agulhas Current](/source/Agulhas_Current) (Mozambique, South Africa)

===[Tropical upwelling](/source/Upwelling)===

====Central Indo-Pacific====
*[Western Australian Marine](/source/Western_Australian_Marine) (Australia)

====Eastern Indo-Pacific====
*[Panama Bight](/source/Panama_Bight) (Colombia, Ecuador, Panama)
*[Gulf of California](/source/Gulf_of_California) (Mexico)
*[Galápagos Marine](/source/Gal%C3%A1pagos_Marine) (Ecuador)

====Eastern Tropical Atlantic====
*[Canary Current](/source/Canary_Current) (Canary Islands, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Morocco, Senegal, Western Sahara)

===[Tropical coral](/source/Coral_reef)===

====Central Indo-Pacific====
*[Nansei Shoto](/source/Nansei_Shoto) (Ryukyu Islands) (Japan)
*[Sulu-Sulawesi Seas](/source/Sulu-Sulawesi_Seas) (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines)
*[Bismarck-Solomon Seas](/source/Bismarck-Solomon_Seas) (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands)
*[Banda-Flores Sea](/source/Banda-Flores_Sea) (Indonesia)
*[New Caledonia Barrier Reef](/source/New_Caledonia_Barrier_Reef) (New Caledonia)
*[Great Barrier Reef](/source/Great_Barrier_Reef) (Australia)
*[Lord Howe-Norfolk Islands Marine](/source/Lord_Howe-Norfolk_Islands_Marine) (Australia)
*[Palau Marine](/source/Palau_Marine) (Palau)
*[Andaman Sea](/source/Andaman_Sea) (Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India), Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand)

====Eastern Indo-Pacific====
*[Tahitian Marine](/source/Tahitian_Marine) (Cook Islands, French Polynesia)
*[Hawaiian Marine](/source/Hawaiian_Marine) (Hawaii)
*[Rapa Nui](/source/Rapa_Nui) (Easter Island)
*[Fiji Barrier Reef](/source/Fiji_Barrier_Reef) (Fiji)

====Western Indo-Pacific====
*[Maldives](/source/Maldives), [Chagos](/source/Chagos_Archipelago), and [Lakshadweep](/source/Lakshadweep) atolls (Chagos Archipelago, India, Maldives, Sri Lanka)
*[Red Sea](/source/Red_Sea) (Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Yemen)
*[Arabian Sea](/source/Arabian_Sea) (Djibouti, Iran, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen)
*[East African Marine](/source/East_African_Marine) (Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania)
*[West Madagascar Marine](/source/West_Madagascar_Marine) (Comoros, Madagascar, Mayotte and Iles Glorieuses, Seychelles)

====Western Tropical Atlantic====
*[Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System](/source/Mesoamerican_Barrier_Reef_System) (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico)
*[Greater Antillean Marine](/source/Greater_Antillean_Marine) (Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States)
*[Southern Caribbean Sea](/source/Southern_Caribbean_Sea) (Aruba, Bonaire, Colombia, Curacao, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela)
*[Northeast Brazil Shelf Marine](/source/Northeast_Brazil_Shelf_Marine) (Brazil)

== Global Priority Places ==
WWF has identified 35 global priority places around the world (terrestrial, freshwater and marine) as either being home to irreplaceable and threatened biodiversity, or representing an opportunity to conserve the largest and most intact representative of their ecosystem.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/roadmap_sign_off_fin.pdf |title=WWF's Strategic Plan for Conservation |access-date=2017-01-15 |archive-date=2020-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805032250/http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/roadmap_sign_off_fin.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
# African [Rift Lakes](/source/Rift_Valley_lakes) Region - Include the 3 largest lakes in Africa: Victoria, Tanganyika and Malawi, as well as lakes Turkana, Albert, Edward, Kivu and others.
# [Altai-Sayan Montane Forests](/source/Altai-Sayan_region) - One of the last remaining untouched areas of the world 
# Amazon Guianas - World's largest tropical rain forest and river basin with a mosaic of mountains, coniferous forests, steppe and alpine meadows. 
# Amur-Heilong - Refuge for Amur leopard and tiger.
# Arctic Seas & Associated Boreal/Tundra - Protecting Arctic Environments
# [Atlantic Forests](/source/Atlantic_Forests) - Forest stretches from the Atlantic coast of Brazil, south along the Brazilian Atlantic coastline and inland into northeast Argentina and eastern Paraguay.
# Borneo and Sumatra - Priceless forests harbor untold species
# [Cerrado](/source/Cerrado)-[Pantanal](/source/Pantanal)
# [Chihuahuan Desert](/source/Chihuahuan_Desert) - Protecting the balance of a desert
# [Chocó–Darién](/source/Choc%C3%B3%E2%80%93Dari%C3%A9n)
# Coastal East Africa - Improving livelihoods by conserving nature
# Congo Basin - Protecting Africa's tropical forests
# [Coral Triangle](/source/Coral_Triangle) - Home to the world's most abundant variety of corals and sea life
# Eastern Himalayas - Empowering communities to protect sacred lands
# [Fynbos](/source/Fynbos)
# The Galápagos - The world's most treasured islands
# Greater Black Sea Basin
# Lake Baikal
# [Madagascar](/source/Madagascar) - Safeguarding one of Earth's most captivating islands
# [Mediterranean Sea](/source/Mediterranean_Sea)
# Mekong Complex - Protecting the river of life from source to sea
# [Miombo woodland](/source/Miombo_woodland)s
# Namib-Karoo-Kaokoveld
# New Guinea & Offshore Islands
# Northern Great Plains
# Orinoco River & Flooded Forests
# Southeastern Rivers and Streams
# Southern Chile - A land of ancient forests and abundant oceans
# [Southern Ocean](/source/Southern_Ocean)
# [Southwest Australia](/source/Southwest_Australia)
# Southwest Pacific
# Sumatra
# West Africa Marine
# [Western Ghats](/source/Western_Ghats)
# Yangtze Basin - Sustaining a valley of life

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Image:Ecoregions.png|WWF Global 200 ecoregions.
Image:Wwfeco.png|WWF terrestrial ecoregions.
Image:Ucayalirivermap.png|Map of the Amazon Basin. Urubamba - Ucayali River.
Image:Lijiang_Lage.jpg|Lijiang City, Yunnan, China.
Image:Indiahills.png|Hills of India.
Image:Ocean drainage.png|Major endorheic basins of the world. Basins are shown in dark gray; major endorheic lakes are shown in black.
Image:Vegetation-no-legend.PNG|Terrestrial biomes classified by vegetation.
</gallery>

== See also ==
*[Biodiversity hotspots](/source/Biodiversity_hotspots)
*[Megadiverse countries](/source/Megadiverse_countries)
*[Arid Forest Research Institute](/source/Arid_Forest_Research_Institute) (AFRI)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
**[http://www.biodiversitya-z.org/areas/14/ A-Z of Areas of Biodiversity Importance: Global 200 Ecoregions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024193935/http://www.biodiversitya-z.org/areas/14 |date=2013-10-24 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20020108162653/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/wildworld/global.html?detail=undefined&size=undefined&id=0&cMinx=-180&cMaxx=180&cMiny=-90&cMaxy=90 Map of the Global 200]
*[http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/where_we_work/ecoregions/maps/index.cfm Conservation status map of the global 200] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060614215124/http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/where_we_work/ecoregions/maps/index.cfm |date=2006-06-14 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060712165839/http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/where_we_work/ecoregions/ecoregion_list/index.cfm List of the Global 200]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20010123214200/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/wildworld/terrestrial.html Map of Ecoregions]
*[http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/ Global Priority Places] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504012408/http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/ |date=2018-05-04 }}

{{WWFN}}
{{Biomes}}

{{Use British English Oxford spelling|date=November 2017}}

Category:WWF ecoregions
Category:Ecology lists
Category:Environmental conservation
Category:Lists of places
Category:Top lists

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Global 200](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_200) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_200?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.