# Gliese 570

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Quaternary star system in the constellation Libra

Gliese 570 The quaternary star system Gliese 570. The T-type methane brown dwarf Gliese 570D is indicated with an arrow. Credit: 2MASS Observation data Epoch J2000.0 Equinox J2000.0 Constellation Libra Right ascension 14h 57m 28.00144s[1] Declination −21° 24′ 55.7131″[1] Apparent magnitude (V) 5.75 / 8.07 / 10.5[citation needed] Characteristics Spectral type K4V / M1V / M3V / T7V[citation needed] U−B color index 1.06 /1.22 B−V color index 1.11 / 1.51 Variable type None / BY Dra[citation needed] Astrometry A Radial velocity (Rv) +26.75±0.12[2] km/s Proper motion (μ) RA: +1031.472 mas/yr[2] Dec.: −1723.619 mas/yr[2] Parallax (π) 169.8843±0.0653 mas[2] Distance 19.199 ± 0.007 ly (5.886 ± 0.002 pc) Absolute magnitude (MV) 6.89[3] BC Radial velocity (Rv) +25.9[4] km/s Proper motion (μ) RA: +961.78[1] mas/yr Dec.: −1677.83[1] mas/yr Parallax (π) 169.1±0.9 mas[5] Distance 19.3 ± 0.1 ly (5.91 ± 0.03 pc) Absolute magnitude (MV) 9.19[3] / 11.05[citation needed] D Proper motion (μ) RA: +1038.08[6] mas/yr Dec.: −1677.59[6] mas/yr Parallax (π) 169.30±1.70 mas[7] Distance 19.3 ± 0.2 ly (5.91 ± 0.06 pc) Orbit[5] Primary B Name C Period (P) 308.86±0.01 days Semi-major axis (a) 148.1±0.5 mas Eccentricity (e) 0.758±0.001 Inclination (i) 106.1±0.1° Longitude of the node (Ω) 16.9±0.2° Periastron epoch (T) 50270.86±0.04 Argument of periastron (ω) (secondary) 308.3±0.2° Semi-amplitude (K1) (primary) 18.23±0.06 km/s Semi-amplitude (K2) (secondary) 27.2±0.1 km/s Details A Mass 0.802 ± 0.040[8] M☉ Radius 0.715±0.009[9] R☉ Luminosity (bolometric) 0.19±0.01[9] L☉ Temperature 4505±76[9] K Metallicity [Fe/H] 0.06[8] dex Rotational velocity (v sin i) 1.50[8] km/s B Mass 0.562±0.006[5] M☉ Radius 0.615 ± 0.039[10][a] R☉ Luminosity 0.053±0.006[10] L☉ Temperature 3530+46 −45[10] K C Mass 0.377±0.003[5] M☉ Radius 0.399 ± 0.028[10][b] R☉ Luminosity 0.0171+0.0021 −0.0019[10] L☉ Temperature 3304+64 −63[10] K D Mass 34.6+7.5 −6.5[11] MJup Radius 0.89+0.05 −0.04[11] RJup Luminosity 2.88+0.21 −0.19×10−7[11] L☉ Surface gravity (log g) 5.04±0.13[11] cgs Temperature 786±20[11] K Other designations 33 G. Librae, GJ 570, ADS 9446, WDS J14575-2125[12] A: KX Lib, BD−20°4125, FK5 1391, HD 131977, HIP 73184, HR 5568, SAO 183040, LAL 27173, LFT 1161, LHS 387, LPM 551, LTT 5949, PLX 3375, MCC 726 BC: BD−20°4123, HD 131976, HIP 73182, SAO 183039, LFT 1160, LHS 386, LPM 550, LTT 5948 D: 2MASS J14571496-2121477 Database references SIMBAD A BC D Exoplanet Archive data ARICNS data Location of Gliese 570 (circled)

**Gliese 570** (or **33 G. Librae**) is a quaternary [star system](/source/Star_system) approximately 19 [light-years](/source/Light-year) away. The primary star is an [orange dwarf](/source/Orange_dwarf) [star](/source/Star) (much dimmer and smaller than the [Sun](/source/Sun)). The other secondary stars are themselves a [binary system](/source/Binary_star), two [red dwarfs](/source/Red_dwarf) that orbit the primary star. A [brown dwarf](/source/Brown_dwarf) has been confirmed to be orbiting in the system.

## Distance and visibility

In the night sky, the Gliese 570 system lies in the southwestern part of [Libra](/source/Libra_(constellation)). The system is southwest of [Alpha Librae](/source/Alpha_Librae) and northwest of [Sigma Librae](/source/Sigma_Librae). In the early 1990s, the European [Hipparcos](/source/Hipparcos) mission measured the [parallax](/source/Parallax) of components B and C, suggesting that the system was at a distance of 24.4 [light-years](/source/Light-year) from the [Sun](/source/Sun). This, however, was a relatively large error as Earth-based parallax and orbit observations suggest that the two stars are actually part of a system with Gliese 570 A, and must actually lie at the same distance.

## Star system

An artist's impression of Gliese 570 D *(with imagined satellite)* showing the primary stars

The primary star of the system (component A) is an [orange dwarf](/source/Orange_dwarf) star that may just have over three fourths the [mass](/source/Mass) of the [Sun](/source/Sun), about 77 percent of its [radius](/source/Radius), and only 15.6 percent of its visual [luminosity](/source/Luminosity). It has a separation of 190 [astronomical units](/source/Astronomical_unit) from the binary components B and C, moving in an [eccentric](/source/Orbital_eccentricity) orbit that takes at least 2130 years to complete.[13] Gliese 570 A is [spectral type](/source/Spectral_type) K4V and emits X-rays.[14] [Radial velocities](/source/Radial_velocity) of the primary obtained in the course of an extrasolar planet search at [Lick Observatory](/source/Lick_Observatory) show a linear trend probably due to the orbital motion of the Gliese 570 BC system around the primary.[15]

A binary system in their own right, components B and C are both rather dim [red dwarf](/source/Red_dwarf) stars that have less mass, radius, and luminosity than the [Sun](/source/Sun). Component B is [spectral type](/source/Spectral_type) M1V, component C is [spectral type](/source/Spectral_type) M3V, and both emit X-rays.[14]

On January 15, 2000, astronomers announced that they had found one of the coolest [brown dwarfs](/source/Brown_dwarfs) then known. Catalogued as Gliese 570 D, it was observed at a wide separation of more than 1,500 astronomical unit from the triple star system.[16] It has an estimated mass of 50 times that of [Jupiter](/source/Jupiter).

The status of Gliese 570 D as a [brown dwarf](/source/Brown_dwarf) was confirmed by [Doppler spectroscopy](/source/Doppler_spectroscopy) at the [Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory](/source/Cerro_Tololo_Interamerican_Observatory) in [Chile](/source/Chile). The surface temperature of this substellar object was found to be a relatively cool 500 degrees Celsius, making it cooler and less luminous than any other then-known brown dwarf (including the prototype ["T" dwarf](/source/T_dwarf)), and classifying the object as a T7-8V brown dwarf. No X-rays have been reported from this [brown dwarf](/source/Brown_dwarf).

## Search for planets

In 1998, an [extrasolar planet](/source/Extrasolar_planet) was announced to orbit the primary star within the Gliese 570 system. The planet, identified as "Gliese 570 Ab", was considered doubtful and the claim was retracted in 2000.[17] No extrasolar planets have been confirmed to exist in this multiple star system thus far.

## See also

- [Epsilon Indi](/source/Epsilon_Indi)

- [Gliese 229](/source/Gliese_229)

- [HD 188753](/source/HD_188753)

- [Iota Horologii](/source/Iota_Horologii)

- [Phi2 Pavonis](/source/Phi2_Pavonis)

- [List of nearest K-type stars](/source/List_of_nearest_stars_by_spectral_type#List_of_nearest_K-type_stars)

## Notes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-rad1_11-0)** Calculated, using the [Stefan-Boltzmann law](/source/Stefan-Boltzmann_law) and the star's [effective temperature](/source/Effective_temperature) and luminosity, with respect to the [solar](/source/Sun) nominal effective temperature of 5772 [K](/source/Kelvin): ( 5772 3530 ) 4 ⋅ 10 − 1.276 = 0.615 R ⊙ . {\displaystyle {\sqrt {{\biggl (}{\frac {5772}{3530}}{\biggr )}^{4}\cdot 10^{-1.276}}}=0.615\ R_{\odot }.}

1. **[^](#cite_ref-rad2_12-0)** Calculated, using the [Stefan-Boltzmann law](/source/Stefan-Boltzmann_law) and the star's [effective temperature](/source/Effective_temperature) and luminosity, with respect to the [solar](/source/Sun) nominal effective temperature of 5772 [K](/source/Kelvin): ( 5772 3304 ) 4 ⋅ 10 − 1.768 = 0.399 R ⊙ . {\displaystyle {\sqrt {{\biggl (}{\frac {5772}{3304}}{\biggr )}^{4}\cdot 10^{-1.768}}}=0.399\ R_{\odot }.}

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## External links

- ["Gliese 570 / HR 5568 ABC"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110513234202/http://www.solstation.com/stars/gl570abc.htm). *SolStation*. Archived from [the original](http://www.solstation.com/stars/gl570abc.htm) on 2011-05-13. Retrieved 2008-06-12.

- Bridges, Andrew (2000-01-17). ["Astronomers Unveil Hot Photo of Cool Star"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080905073938/http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/astronomy/brown_dwarf_000117.html). *SPACE.com*. Archived from [the original](http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/astronomy/brown_dwarf_000117.html) on 2008-09-05. Retrieved 2008-06-12.

v t e ← Celestial objects within 15–20 light-years Primary member type Celestial objects by systems. Subgiant stars G-type Delta Pavonis (19.893±0.015 ly) Main-sequence stars A-type Altair (Alpha Aquilae) (16.730±0.049 ly) G-type Alsafi (Sigma Draconis) (18.7993±0.0081 ly) Achird (Eta Cassiopeiae) (19.3314±0.0025 ly) K-type main-sequence star B e (82 G.) Eridani (19.7045±0.0093 ly) 3 planets: b, c, d K-type Groombridge 1618 (15.8857±0.0017 ly) Omicron2 (40) Eridani (16.3330±0.0042 ly) white dwarf B red dwarf C 70 Ophiuchi (16.7074±0.0087 ly) K-type main-sequence star B Gliese 570 (19.1987±0.0074 ly) 2 red dwarfs: B, C T-type brown dwarf D 36 Ophiuchi (19.4185±0.0036 ly) 2 K-type main-sequence stars: B, C HR 7703 (19.609±0.013 ly) red dwarf B M-type (red dwarfs) GJ 1245 (15.2001±0.0034 ly) 2 red dwarfs: B, C Gliese 876 (15.2382±0.0025 ly) 4 planets: d, c, b, e LHS 288 (15.7586±0.0034 ly) GJ 1002 (15.8060±0.0036 ly) 2 planets: b, c Gliese 412 (15.9969±0.0026 ly) red dwarf B AD Leonis (16.1939±0.0024 ly) Gliese 832 (16.2005±0.0019 ly) planet b Gliese 682 (16.3328±0.0026 ly) 2? planets: b?, c? EV Lacertae (16.4761±0.0018 ly) G 9-38 (16.800±0.011 ly) red dwarf B GJ 3379 (16.9861±0.0027 ly) Gliese 445 (17.1368±0.0017 ly) 2M1540 (17.3738±0.0046 ly) GJ 3323 (17.5309±0.0026 ly) 2 planets: b, c Gliese 526 (17.7263±0.0024 ly) Stein 2051 (17.9925±0.0020 ly) white dwarf B Gliese 251 (18.2146±0.0028 ly) planet b LP 816-60 (18.3305±0.0038 ly) LSR J1835+3259 (18.5534±0.0049 ly) Gliese 205 (18.6042±0.0022 ly) Gliese 229 (18.7906±0.0018 ly) 2 T-type brown dwarfs: Ba, Bb Ross 47 (18.8883±0.0031 ly) Gliese 693 (19.2078±0.0053 ly) Gliese 754 (19.2724±0.0067 ly) Gliese 908 (19.2745±0.0032 ly) Gliese 752 (19.2922±0.0027 ly) red dwarf B (vB 10) planet Ab Gliese 588 (19.2996±0.0031 ly) YZ Canis Minoris (19.5330±0.0040 ly) GJ 1005 (19.577±0.035 ly) red dwarf B Gliese 268 (19.7414±0.0076 ly) red dwarf B Degenerate stars White dwarfs Gliese 440 (15.1226±0.0013 ly) Brown dwarfs L-type DENIS 0255−4700 (15.877±0.014 ly) T-type WISE 1741+2553 (15.22±0.20 ly) WISE 1506+7027 (16.856±0.052 ly) DENIS 0817-6155 (17.002±0.037 ly) 2MASS 0939-2448 (17.41±0.44 ly) T-type brown dwarf B 2MASS 1114-2618 (18.20±0.14 ly) 2MASS 0415-0935 (18.62±0.18 ly) SIMP0136 (19.955±0.057 ly) 2MASS 0937+2931 (19.96+0.22 −0.21 ly) Y-type WISE 1639−6847 (15.450±0.041 ly) WISE 0350−5658 (18.49±0.24 ly) Sub-brown dwarfs and rogue planets Y-type WISE 1541−2250 (19.54±0.24 ly)

v t e Constellation of Libra List of stars in Libra Libra in Chinese astronomy Stars Bayer α1 α2 (Zubenelgenubi) β (Zubeneschamali) γ (Zubenelhakrabi) δ ε ζ1 ζ2 ζ3 ζ4 η θ ι1 ι2 κ λ μ ν ξ1 ξ2 ο σ (Brachium) τ υ Flamsteed 2 3 4 5 10 11 12 16 17 18 22 23 26 28 30 36 37 41 42 47 48 49 50 Variable HN HO KU KX HR 5504 5455 HD 133131 134439 134440 135485 137010 139139 140283 141569 141937 Other 2M1510 2MASS 1507−1627 CWISEP J1446−2317 HE 1523−0901 WASP-57 WISE 1534−1043 WISE 1541−2250 Exoplanets 23 Librae b c Gliese 581b c e HD 137010 b (unconfirmed) K2-315b WASP-189b Star clusters NGC 5897 Galaxies NGC 5597 5605 5716 5728 5792 5793 5861 5885 5890 5898 5915 5917 Other AP Librae IC 1059 IRAS 14348−1447 PKS 1510−089 PKS 1519−273 QSO B1524−136 RXC J1504.1−0248 BCG Category

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Gliese 570](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gliese_570) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gliese_570?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.