# Geosmithia

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***Geosmithia*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of [anamorphic](/source/Anamorph) [fungi](/source/Fungi) of uncertain [familial](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) placement in the order [Hypocreales](/source/Hypocreales). The genus, circumscribed by Australian mycologist John Pitt in 1979,[1] is widely distributed. A 2008 estimate placed ten species in the genus,[2] but several new species have since been described. [Thousand cankers disease](/source/Thousand_cankers_disease), which affects economically important [black walnut](/source/Black_walnut) (*Juglans nigra*) populations in North America, is caused by *[Geosmithia morbida](/source/Geosmithia_morbida)*.[3]

Species in the genus are generally similar to those in *[Penicillium](/source/Penicillium)*, but can be distinguished from them by forming cylindrical [conidia](/source/Conidia) from rough-walled [phialides](/source/Phialide). Additionally, the conidia of *Geosmithia* do not have a green color, in contrast to the characteristic blue-grey or green-grey conidia of *Penicillium*. Some *Geosmithia* species have [teleomorphic](/source/Teleomorph,_anamorph_and_holomorph) forms that are classified in the genus *[Talaromyces](/source/Talaromyces)*. However, *Geosmithia* is a polyphyletic taxon with evolutionary affinities to at least three groups of the euascomycete lineage within the Ascomycota.[4] The generic name *Geosmithia* honors British mycologist [George Smith](/source/George_Smith_(mycologist)).[1]

## Species

As accepted by [Species Fungorum](/source/Species_Fungorum);[5]

- *[Geosmithia brunnea](/source/Geosmithia_brunnea)*
- *[Geosmithia carolliae](/source/Geosmithia_carolliae)*
- *[Geosmithia cnesini](/source/Geosmithia_cnesini)*
- *[Geosmithia eburnea](/source/Geosmithia_eburnea)* [6]
- *[Geosmithia emersonii](/source/Geosmithia_emersonii)*
- *[Geosmithia eupagioceri](/source/Geosmithia_eupagioceri)* [7]
- *[Geosmithia fassatiae](/source/Geosmithia_fassatiae)* [8]
- *[Geosmithia flava](/source/Geosmithia_flava)*
- *[Geosmithia langdonii](/source/Geosmithia_langdonii)* [8]
- *[Geosmithia lavendula](/source/Geosmithia_lavendula)*
- *[Geosmithia malachitea](/source/Geosmithia_malachitea)* [9]
- *[Geosmithia microcorthyli](/source/Geosmithia_microcorthyli)*
- *[Geosmithia morbida](/source/Geosmithia_morbida)*
- *[Geosmithia namyslowskii](/source/Geosmithia_namyslowskii)*
- *[Geosmithia obscura](/source/Geosmithia_obscura)* [8]
- *[Geosmithia omnicola Pepori](/source/Geosmithia_omnicola_Pepori)*
- *[Geosmithia proliferans](/source/Geosmithia_proliferans)*
- *[Geosmithia putterillii](/source/Geosmithia_putterillii)*
- *[Geosmithia rufescens](/source/Geosmithia_rufescens)* [7]
- *[Geosmithia swiftii](/source/Geosmithia_swiftii)*
- *[Geosmithia tibetensis](/source/Geosmithia_tibetensis)* [10]
- *[Geosmithia ulmacea](/source/Geosmithia_ulmacea)*
- *[Geosmithia xerotolerans](/source/Geosmithia_xerotolerans)*

Former species;[5]

- *G. argillacea* = *[Rasamsonia argillacea](/source/Rasamsonia_argillacea)* Aspergillaceae family
- *G. cylindrospora* = *[Rasamsonia cylindrospora](/source/Rasamsonia_cylindrospora)* Aspergillaceae
- *G. pallida* = *Geosmithia putterillii*
- *G. viridis* = *[Talaromyces viridulus](/source/Talaromyces_viridulus)* Aspergillaceae

## References

1. Pitt JI. (1979). "*Geosmithia*, gen. nov. for *Penicillium lavendulum* and related species". *Canadian Journal of Botany*. **57** (19): 2021–30. [Bibcode:1979CaJB...57.2021P](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1979CaJB...57.2021P). [doi:10.1139/b79-252](https://doi.org/10.1139/b79-252)

1. Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). *Dictionary of the Fungi*. 10th ed. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 281. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.

1. Derickx L, Antunes PM (2013). [*A Guide to the Identification and Control of Exotic Invasive Species in Ontario's Hardwood Forests*](https://books.google.com/books?id=-QlXAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA259). Algoma University. pp. 259–60. ISBN 978-0-929100-21-0.

1. Ogawa H, Yoshimura A, Sugiyama J (1997). "Polyphyletic Origins of Species of the Anamorphic Genus *Geosmithia* and the Relationships of the Cleistothecial Genera: Evidence from 18S, 5S and 28S rDNA Sequence Analyses". *Mycologia*. **89** (5): 756–71. [doi:10.2307/3761132](https://doi.org/10.2307/3761132). [JSTOR 3761132](https://www.jstor.org/stable/3761132)

1. ["Geosmithia - Search Page"](http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp?strGenus=Geosmithia). *www.speciesfungorum.org*. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 28 October 2022.

1. Yaguchi T, Someya A, Udagawa S (1994). "Two new species of *Talaromyces* from Taiwan and Japan". *Mycoscience*. **35** (3): 249–55. [doi:10.1007/BF02268446](https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02268446)

1. Kolarík M, Kirkendall LR (2010). "Evidence for a new lineage of primary ambrosia fungi in *Geosmithia* Pitt (Ascomycota: Hypocreales)". *Fungal Biology*. **114** (8): 676–89. [Bibcode:2010FunB..114..676K](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010FunB..114..676K). [doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2010.06.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2010.06.005). [PMID 20943178](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20943178)

1. Kolarík M, Kubátova A, Cepicka I, Pazoutovtá S, Srůtka P (2005). "A complex of three new white-spored, sympatric, and host range limited *Geosmithia* species". *Mycological Research*. **109** (12): 1323–36. [doi:10.1017/S0953756205003965](https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756205003965). [PMID 16353633](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16353633)

1. Yaguchi T, Miyadoh S, Udagawa SI (1993). "*Chromocleista*, a new cleistothecial genus with a *Geosmithia* anamorph". *Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan*. **102**: 101–8.

1. ((Wu Y-M)), ((Xu J-J)), ((Wang H-F)), ((Zhang T-Y)) (2013). "*Geosmithia tibetensis* sp. nov. and new *Gibellulopsis* and *Scopulariopsis* records from Qinghai-Tibet". *Mycotaxon*. **125**: 59–64. [doi:10.5248/125.59](https://doi.org/10.5248/125.59)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Geosmithia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geosmithia) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geosmithia?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.