# General Electric F404

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Turbofan aircraft engine family

F404 / F412 An F404 turbofan being tested on board an aircraft carrier Type Turbofan National origin United States Manufacturer General Electric First run 1978 Major applications Boeing–Saab T-7 Red Hawk HAL Tejas Mk 1/1A KAI T-50 Golden Eagle Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet Northrop F-20 Tigershark TAI Hurjet Developed from General Electric YJ101 Developed into General Electric F414 General Electric GE36 General Electric LM1600 Variants Volvo RM12

The **General Electric F404** and **F412** are a family of [afterburning](/source/Afterburning) [turbofan](/source/Turbofan) engines in the 10,500–19,000 [lbf](/source/Pound_(force)) (47–85 [kN](/source/Newton_(unit))) class (static thrust). The series is produced by [GE Aerospace](/source/GE_Aerospace). Partners include [Volvo Aero](/source/Volvo_Aero), which builds the [RM12](/source/Volvo_RM12) variant. The F404 was developed into the larger [F414](/source/General_Electric_F414) turbofan, as well as the experimental [GE36](/source/General_Electric_GE36) civil [propfan](/source/Propfan).

## Design and development

### F404

GE developed the F404 for the [F/A-18 Hornet](/source/F%2FA-18_Hornet), shortly after losing the competition for the [F-15 Eagle](/source/F-15_Eagle)'s engine to [Pratt & Whitney](/source/Pratt_%26_Whitney), and losing the [Lightweight Fighter](/source/Lightweight_Fighter) (LWF) competition to the [Pratt & Whitney F100](/source/Pratt_%26_Whitney_F100) powered [YF-16](/source/F-16_Fighting_Falcon). For the F/A-18, GE based the F404 on the [YJ101](/source/General_Electric_YJ101) engine they had developed for the [Northrop YF-17](/source/Northrop_YF-17), enlarging the bypass ratio from 0.20 to 0.34 to enable higher fuel efficiency. The engine consists of a three-staged fan, seven axial stage compressor arrangement, single stage low and high pressure turbines, an augmentor, and produces maximum thrust of 16,000 lbf (71.2 kN) in the original F404-GE-400 model. The engine was designed with a higher priority on reliability than performance. Cost was the main goal in the design of the engine.[1]

GE also analyzed "throttle profiles" and found that pilots were changing throttle settings far more often than engineers previously expected, putting undue stress on the engines. GE also sought with the F404 a design that would avoid compressor stalls and other engine failures, and would respond quickly to control inputs; a common complaint of pilots converting from propeller planes to jets was that early turbojets were not responsive to changes in thrust input. GE executives Frederick A. Larson and Paul Setts also set the goal that the new engine would be smaller than the F-4's [GE J79](/source/General_Electric_J79), but provide at least as much thrust, and cost half as much as the P&W F100 engine for the F-16.[2]

Due to a fan designed to smooth airflow before it enters the compressor, the F404 has high resistance to [compressor stalls](/source/Compressor_stall), even at high angles of attack. It requires less than two shop visits per 1,000 flight hours and averages 6,500 hours between in-flight events. It also demonstrates high responsiveness to control inputs, spooling from idle to full afterburner in 4 seconds. The engine contains an in-flight engine condition monitoring system (IECMS) that monitors for critical malfunctions and keeps track of parts lifetimes.[3]

GE developed the [F110](/source/General_Electric_F110) for the Air Force as an alternative to the [Pratt & Whitney F100](/source/Pratt_%26_Whitney_F100) for use on the F-16 and F-15 based on the [F101](/source/General_Electric_F101) and used F404 technology.[4] The F110 was derived from the F101 via the F101DFE, though some elements of the F404 such as the design of the fan, albeit enlarged, were incorporated, per the F110 page and other sources. GE developed the F404-GE-402 in response to a Swiss requirement for more power in its F/A-18 version; it produces a maximum of 17,700 lbf (78.7 kN) of thrust with afterburner.[5] The new engine version was used on Kuwaiti Hornets, later U.S. C and D Hornets, and subsequent Hornets.[5] The [KAI T-50 Golden Eagle](/source/KAI_T-50_Golden_Eagle) uses a single General Electric F404-GE-102 turbofan engine with [Full Authority Digital Engine Control](/source/Full_Authority_Digital_Engine_Control) (FADEC) system; the engine is similar to the F404-402, but with additional redundancies built in for single-engine operations. The aircraft has a maximum speed of Mach 1.5.

The General Electric F404-GE-103 is the latest derivative of the F404 engine family, developed for use in advanced trainer and light combat aircraft. It was originally developed for the [Boeing T-7A Red Hawk](/source/Boeing_T-7A_Red_Hawk), and is also used in the [Turkish Aerospace](/source/Turkish_Aerospace) [Hürjet](/source/H%C3%BCrjet). The -103 variant includes safety features tailored for single-engine operations and incorporates a Full Authority Digital Electronic Control (FADEC) system derived from the GE F414 engine.[6][7]

Almost 4,000 F404 engines power the F/A-18 Hornets in service worldwide. The F404 engine family had totaled over 12 million flight hours by 2010.[8]

### F404-GE-IN20

For the [HAL Tejas](/source/HAL_Tejas), GE developed an uprated **F404-IN20**, which is the highest thrust variant in F404 family, and which produces a maximum of 85 kN (19,000 lbf) of thrust with afterburner.[9][10] It incorporates latest hot section materials and technologies as well as a [FADEC](/source/FADEC) system for reliable power and performance.[11] General Electric had been collaborating with [Aeronautical Development Agency](/source/Aeronautical_Development_Agency) (ADA) for the Tejas programme since 1980s while the engine variant was chosen to power the jets in 2004.[12]

India bought 10 F404-F2J3 which is used on 2 technology demonstrators and 6 prototypes of the Tejas in early 2000s.[13] Two deals for 17 and 24 engines for powering LSP (including Naval prototypes) and Mk 1 IOC variants of Tejas was signed in 2004 and 2007, respectively.[14][10] By 2016,[15] 75 engines (including F2J3 and IN20 variants) have been delivered to India.[16] Deliveries of the engines were completed between 2008 and 2016.[17]

On 17 August 2021, India signed a contract with GE worth [₹](/source/Indian_rupee)5,375 [crore](/source/Crore) (equivalent to ₹60 billion or US$630 million in 2023) to supply 99 F404 engines and service support by 2029.[11][18]

However, General Electric had closed down the production line of F404-IN20 engines without further prospects of orders from India and the first engine was yet to be delivered as of October 2024 leading to the subsequent delivery delays of [HAL Tejas Mk1A](/source/HAL_Tejas_Mk1A) to the [Indian Air Force](/source/Indian_Air_Force). First engine delivery dates were delayed to September 2024 as of then.[19][20] Following the orders a lengthy process of sorting out supply chain problems was undertaken and the production line at [Boston](/source/Boston) restarted by late 2024 to enable deliveries after a stagnation of 5 years.[21]

As of July 2025, a total of 12 engines were expected to be delivered in the fiscal year at two units a month until March 2026.[22][23] However, the delivery schedule was again revised to one engine a month till October followed by two engines monthly thereafter.[24] The August deadline for third engine was also missed and GE had committed to deliver three to five engines by October.[15] The target of 11 engines in the fiscal year of 2025–26 was not maintained.[25]

Delivery dates for the first five engines delivered so far Engine No. Delivered on Notes Ref. 1 25 March 2025 Two years behind schedule. [26][27] 2 14 July 2025 Next engine was expected in August.[24] [28][29] 3 11 September 2025 Next engine was expected by month-end. [25] 4 1 October 2025 [30][31] 5 5 December 2025 [32][33] 6 March 2026 The engine might have been handed over in the US; But was not received by HAL. [34]

It was projected that HAL would place an extra $1 billion order in September for 113 engines and related services for 97 Tejas Mk1A.[35] The agreement was subsequently signed on November 7, 2025. It is anticipated that the deliveries will begin in 2027 and will be completed by 2032.[36][37]

### F412

GE developed the F404 into the F412-GE-400 non-afterburning turbofan for the [McDonnell Douglas A-12 Avenger II](/source/McDonnell_Douglas_A-12_Avenger_II). After the cancellation of the A-12, the research was directed toward an engine for the Super Hornet, which evolved into the [F414](/source/General_Electric_F414).

## Applications

Sailors lower an F/A-18 Hornet engine into its container aboard the [USS *Kitty Hawk* (CV-63)](/source/USS_Kitty_Hawk_(CV-63))

**F404**

- [Boeing Phantom Ray](/source/Boeing_Phantom_Ray)

- [Boeing X-45C](/source/Boeing_X-45)

- [Boeing–Saab T-7 Red Hawk](/source/Boeing%E2%80%93Saab_T-7_Red_Hawk)

- [FMA SAIA 90](/source/FMA_SAIA_90) (as designed, not built)

- [Dassault Rafale A](/source/Dassault_Rafale) (prototype only)

- [Grumman A-6F Intruder II](/source/Grumman_A-6_Intruder#A-6F_and_A-6G)

- [Grumman X-29](/source/Grumman_X-29)

- [HAL Tejas Mk 1/1A](/source/HAL_Tejas)

- [Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk](/source/Lockheed_F-117_Nighthawk)

- [KAI T-50 Golden Eagle](/source/KAI_T-50_Golden_Eagle)

- [McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet](/source/McDonnell_Douglas_F%2FA-18_Hornet) (A-D)

- [Northrop F-20 Tigershark](/source/Northrop_F-20_Tigershark)

- [Scaled Composites Model 400](/source/Scaled_Composites_Model_400)

- [Rockwell-MBB X-31](/source/Rockwell-MBB_X-31)

- [ST Aerospace A-4SU Super Skyhawk](/source/ST_Aerospace_A-4SU_Super_Skyhawk)

- [TAI Hürjet](/source/TAI_H%C3%BCrjet)

**F412**

- [McDonnell Douglas A-12 Avenger II](/source/McDonnell_Douglas_A-12_Avenger_II) (as designed, not built)

## Specifications (F404-GE-402)

*Data from* *General Electric*[6]

#### General characteristics

- Type: [Afterburning Turbofan](/source/Afterburning_turbofan)

- Length: 154 [in](/source/Inch) (391 [cm](/source/Centimetre))

- Diameter: 35 in (89 cm) overall, 28 in (71 cm) inlet

- Dry weight: 2,282 [lb](/source/Pound_(mass)) (1,035 [kg](/source/Kilogram))

#### Components

- Compressor: [Axial](/source/Axial_compressor), with 3 Fan and 7 HP stages

- [Combustors](/source/Combustor): [Annular](/source/Combustor#Annular)

- [Turbine](/source/Turbine): 1 LP and 1 HP stage

#### Performance

- Maximum [thrust](/source/Thrust): - 11,000 [lbf](/source/Pound_(force)) (48.9 [kN](/source/Newton_(unit))) military thrust - 17,700 lbf (78.7 kN) wet thrust

- [Overall pressure ratio](/source/Overall_pressure_ratio): 26:1

- [Bypass ratio](/source/Bypass_ratio): 0.34:1

- Air mass flow: 146 lb/s (66.2 kg/s)

- [Specific fuel consumption](/source/Thrust_specific_fuel_consumption): - *Military thrust*: 0.81 lb/(lbf⋅h) (23 g/(kN⋅s)) - *Full afterburner*: 1.74 lb/(lbf⋅h) (49 g/(kN⋅s))

- [Thrust-to-weight ratio](/source/Thrust-to-weight_ratio): - 4.8 (Dry) - 7.75 (Afterburning)

## Specifications (F404-GE-IN20)

*Data from* *General Electric*[6]

#### General characteristics

- Type: [Afterburning Turbofan](/source/Afterburning_turbofan)

- Length: 154 [in](/source/Inch) (391 [cm](/source/Centimetre))

- Diameter: 35 in (89 cm) overall, 28 in (71 cm) inlet

- Dry weight: 2,365 [lb](/source/Pound_(mass)) (1,073 [kg](/source/Kilogram))

#### Components

- Compressor: [Axial](/source/Axial_compressor), with 3 Fan and 7 HP stages

- [Combustors](/source/Combustor): [Annular](/source/Combustor#Annular)

- [Turbine](/source/Turbine): 1 LP and 1 HP stage

#### Performance

- Maximum [thrust](/source/Thrust): - 12,139 lbf (54.0 kN) military thrust - 19,000 lbf (84.5 kN) wet thrust

- [Overall pressure ratio](/source/Overall_pressure_ratio): 28:1

- Air mass flow: 153 lb/s (70 kg/s)

- [Thrust-to-weight ratio](/source/Thrust-to-weight_ratio): - 5.13 (Dry) - 8.03 (Afterburning)

## See also

**Related development**

- [General Electric YJ101](/source/General_Electric_YJ101)

- [General Electric F414](/source/General_Electric_F414)

- [General Electric F110](/source/General_Electric_F110)

- [Volvo RM12](/source/Volvo_RM12)

**Comparable engines**

- [GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri](/source/GTRE_GTX-35VS_Kaveri) (1996)

- [Guizhou WS-13](/source/Guizhou_WS-13) (2006)

- [Klimov RD-33](/source/Klimov_RD-33) (1974)

- [Snecma M88](/source/Snecma_M88) (1989)

- [Turbo-Union RB199](/source/Turbo-Union_RB199) (1971)

**Related lists**

- [List of aircraft engines](/source/List_of_aircraft_engines)

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1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** ANI (2025-12-05). ["GE Aerospace hands over 5th F404-IN20 engine to HAL"](https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/ge-aerospace-hands-over-5th-f404-in20-engine-to-hal/article70360555.ece). *BusinessLine*. Retrieved 2025-12-06.

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1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** Fernandes, Jocelyn (2025-11-07). ["HAL signs deal with GE Aerospace for 113 jet engines for Tejas light combat aircraft programme: What we know"](https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/hal-signs-deal-ge-aerospace-procure-97-jet-engines-tejas-light-combat-aircraft-programme-what-detail-supply-2032-defence-11762523850255.html). *mint*. Retrieved 2025-11-07.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-37)** Banerjee, Aveek (7 November 2025). ["HAL Reaches Mega Deal With GE Aerospace To Procure 113 Jet Engines For Tejas Mk1A Aircraft"](https://www.news18.com/india/hal-reaches-mega-deal-with-ge-aerospace-to-procure-113-jet-engines-for-tejas-mk1a-aircraft-ws-l-9691954.html). *news18.com*. Retrieved 7 November 2025.

- Jenkins, Dennis R. *F/A-18 Hornet: A Navy Success Story*. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-07-134696-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-134696-1).

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [General Electric F404](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:General_Electric_F404).

- [GE Aviation F404 page](https://www.geaviation.com/military/engines/f404-engine)

- [F404 page on GlobalSecurity.org](http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/systems/f404.htm)

v t e GE Aircraft Engines/GE Aviation/GE Aerospace aircraft engines Turbojets CJ610 CJ805 GE1 GE4/J5 I-A J31 J33 J35 J47 J73 J79 J85 J87 YJ93 J97 YJ101 Turbofans Affinity CF6 CF34 CF700 CFE738† CFM56† CJ805-23 GE90 GE9X GEnx GP7000† HF120† LEAP† Passport F101 F108† F110 F118 YF120 F136† F404/F412 F414 RM12† RM16 TF34 TF39 XA100 XA102 Turboprops and turboshafts Catalyst CT7 CT58 CT64 GE27 GE38 H-Series T31 T58 T64 T407 T408 T700 T901 Aeroderivative gas turbine engines LM500 LM1500 LM1600 LM2500 LM6000 LM9000 LMS100 Propfans GE36 RISE† † Joint development aeroengines

v t e United States military gas turbine aircraft engine designation system Turbojets J30 J31 J32 J33 J34 J35 J36 J37 XJ38 J39 J40 XJ41 J42 J43 J44 J45 J46 J47 J48 XJ49 J51 J52 J53 J54 J55 J56 J57 J58 J59 J60 J61 J63 J65 J67 J69 J71 J73 J75 J79 J81 J83 J85 J87 J89 J91 YJ93 J95 J97 J99 J100 YJ101 J102 J400 J401 J402 J403 J700 Turboprops/ Turboshafts T30 T31 T33 T34 T35 T36 T37 T38 T39 T40 T41 T42 T43 T44 T45 T46 T47 T48 T49 T50 T51 T52 T53 T54 T55 T56 (variants) T57 T58 T60 T61 T62 T63 T64 T65 T66 T67 T68 T69 T70 T71 T72 T73 T74 T76 T78 T80 T100 T101 T400 T405 T406 T407 T408 T700 T701 T702 T703 T706 T708 LHTEC T800 APW T800 T900 T901 Turbofans TF30 TF31 TF32 TF33 TF34 TF35 TF37 TF39 TF41 F100 F101 F102 F103 F104 F105 F106 F107 F108 F109 F110 F112 F113 F117 F118 F119 YF120 F121 F122 F124 F125 F126 F127 F128 F129 F130 F135 F136 F137 F138 F400 F401 F402 F404 F405 F408 F412 F414 F415 Adaptive cycle engines XA100 XA101 XA102 XA103

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [General Electric F404](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Electric_F404) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Electric_F404?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.