# Gelnica > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Gelnica > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Gelnica.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelnica > Source revision: 1355885527 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Infobox Slovak place | name = Gelnica | other_name = Gölnicbánya | settlement_type = [Municipality](/source/List_of_municipalities_and_towns_in_Slovakia) | image_skyline = Gelnica Kostol Nanebovzatia Panny Márie-1.JPG | image_caption = | image_flag = Gelnica-gelnica-flag.svg | image_shield = Coat of Arms of Gelnica.svg | subdivision_type1 = [Region](/source/Regions_of_Slovakia) | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Košice Region}} | subdivision_type2 = [District](/source/Districts_of_Slovakia) | subdivision_name2 = [Gelnica District](/source/Gelnica_District) | pushpin_map = Slovakia Košice Region#Slovakia | pushpin_relief = 1 | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Gelnica in the [Košice Region](/source/Ko%C5%A1ice_Region)##Location of Gelnica in [Slovakia](/source/Slovakia) | coordinates = {{coord|48.85|N|20.94|E|region:SK|display=inline,title}} | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Dušan Tomaško | leader_party = | established_title = First mentioned | established_date = 1246 | elevation_footnotes = {{Cite web |url=http://datacube.statistics.sk/#!/view/sk/VBD_SK_WIN/om5001rr/v_om5001rr_00_00_00_sk |title=Základná charakteristika |language=sk |date=2015-04-17 |website=www.statistics.sk |publisher= Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic|access-date=2022-03-31}} | elevation_m = 365 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 560 1 | area_code = +421 53 |registration_plate = GL | website = {{URL|https://www.gelnica.sk/}} }} '''Gelnica''' ({{Audio|Gelnica (Slovak pronunciation).ogg|pronunciation}}; {{langx|hu|Gölnicbánya}}, {{langx|de|Göllnitz}}) is a town in the [Košice Region](/source/Ko%C5%A1ice_Region) of Eastern [Slovakia](/source/Slovakia). It has a population of 6,076. ==Names== The name comes from the name of the river [Hnilec](/source/Hlinec_(river)) derived from Slavic word ''hnilý'' (rotten). The initial ''g'' in the German form ''Göllnitz'' indicates that the name was adopted by Germans before the spirantisation of Slavic ''g'' to ''h'' in Slovak (around the 12th century). The current Slovak name ''Gelnica'' comes from this secondary German form. The Hungarian ''Gölnicbánya'' (''bánya'' – [mine](/source/mining)) refers to the town's mining activity. ==Geography== {{Slovak municipality/geo|365|}} It is located in the northern part of the [Slovak Ore Mountains](/source/Slovak_Ore_Mountains), in the [Hnilec](/source/Hnilec_(river)) river valley, which flows a few kilometres downstream into [Hornád](/source/Horn%C3%A1d). The town lies at the both banks of Hnilec, has an altitude of {{convert|375|m|ft|lk=on|abbr=off}}, and is located around {{convert|38|km|mi|lk=on|abbr=off}} from [Košice](/source/Ko%C5%A1ice). ==History== [Carpathian Germans](/source/Carpathian_Germans) chiefly from [Bavaria](/source/Bavaria) began to settle the formerly Slavic settlement during the 13th century. By 1264 it was an established mining town and became a royal mining town of the [Kingdom of Hungary](/source/Kingdom_of_Hungary) by 1276, from where the first mentioned is recorded (as "Gelnic"). For many years Gelnica was a chief mining town in [Szepes County](/source/Szepes_County) of the [Kingdom of Hungary](/source/Kingdom_of_Hungary). Silver, copper, but also gold, quicksilver, lead and iron ore were mined in the mines. Between 1465–1520, Gelnica lost most of its privileges. The town's population in the second half of the 16th century is estimated at 1000 people, whereby the ratio of Germans and Slovaks, who were the main ethnic groups, is estimated to have been 3:1.Martin Štefánik – Ján Lukačka et al. 2010, Lexikón stredovekých miest na Slovensku, Historický ústav SAV, Bratislava, 2010, p. 156, {{ISBN|978-80-89396-11-5}}. http://forumhistoriae.sk/-/lexikon-stredovekych-miest-na-slovensku {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326010518/http://forumhistoriae.sk/-/lexikon-stredovekych-miest-na-slovensku |date=2017-03-26 }} In 1910, the town's population of 3833 inhabitants consisted of 2095 Germans, 1098 Slovaks and 606 Hungarians.{{cite web|url=https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/NEDA_1910_01/?pg=1&layout=s|title=1910 Census of the Kingdom of Hungary|date=1910}} The German population was [expelled in 1945](/source/Flight_and_expulsion_of_Germans_(1944%E2%80%931950)). ==Sights== The town includes the ruins of a [medieval](/source/medieval) castle, destroyed by a fire in 1685. Other attractions include a [Gothic](/source/Gothic_architecture) church and [Renaissance](/source/Renaissance) town hall, both remodelled along [Baroque](/source/Baroque) lines, and a mining museum. == Population == {{historical population|1970|4640|1980|5100|1991|6277|2001|6404|2011|6202|2021|5951|align=right|cols=1|source=Censuses{{cite web |title=Statistical lexikon of municipalities 1970-2011|url=https://slovak.statistics.sk/wps/wcm/connect/cd33d897-7314-41d0-a12b-a95e537d7a39/Statisticky_lexikon_obci_Slovenskej_republiky_2011.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy&CVID=kRHTpsy|language=sk}}{{cite web |title=Census 2021 - Population - Basic results|url=https://www.scitanie.sk/obyvatelia/zakladne-vysledky/pocet-obyvatelov/|publisher=Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic|date=2021-01-01}}}} {{Slovak municipality|pop}} It has a population of {{Slovak municipality|p}} people (31 December {{Slovak municipality|y}}).{{Slovak municipality|P}} === Ethnicity === {{Slovak municipality|etno}} === Religion === {{Slovak municipality|relig}} ==Twin towns — sister cities== {{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Slovakia}} Gelnica is [twinned](/source/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities) with:{{cite web |title=Partnerské mestá|url=https://www.gelnica.sk/partnerske-mesta.phtml?id3=8010|website=gelnica.sk|publisher=Gelnica|language=sk|access-date=2019-09-09}} {{div col|colwidth=20em}} *{{flagicon|CZE}} [Horní Suchá](/source/Horn%C3%AD_Such%C3%A1), [Czech Republic](/source/Czech_Republic) *{{flagicon|NED}} [Gennep](/source/Gennep), [Netherlands](/source/Netherlands) *{{flagicon|POL}} [Rudnik nad Sanem](/source/Rudnik_nad_Sanem), [Poland](/source/Poland) *{{flagicon|FRA}} [Le Pradet](/source/Le_Pradet), [France](/source/France) *{{flagicon|UKR}} [Novodnistrovsk](/source/Novodnistrovsk), [Ukraine](/source/Ukraine) {{div col end}} ==Notable people== * [Gabriela Rothmayerová](/source/Gabriela_Rothmayerov%C3%A1) (born 1951), writer and politician * [Eugen Šváb](/source/Eugen_%C5%A0v%C3%A1b) (1936–2024), swing musician ==See also== * [List of municipalities and towns in Slovakia](/source/List_of_municipalities_and_towns_in_Slovakia) ==References== {{reflist|2}} ==External links== * [http://www.gelnica.sk Town website] {{in lang|sk}} *[http://www.cisarik.com/0_Gelnica_Gelnica_KI_Szepes_Spis.html '''Surnames''' of living people in Gelnica] {{Gelnica District}} {{Authority control}} Category:Cities and towns in Slovakia Category:Spiš Category:Geography of Košice Region Category:Mining communities in the Slovak Republic Category:Carpathian German settlements --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Gelnica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelnica) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelnica?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.