# Gallic rooster > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Gallic_rooster > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Gallic_rooster.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallic_rooster > Source revision: 1335090698 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|National symbol of France}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}} {{Expand French|topic=cult|Symbolisme du coq|date=July 2010}} [[File:Mémorial des soldats et marins de la Charente-Inférieure (16).JPG|thumb|upright|Gallic rooster on top of a [war memorial](/source/Monuments_aux_Morts) in [La Rochelle](/source/La_Rochelle)]] The '''Gallic rooster''' ({{langx|fr|coq gaulois}}, {{IPA|fr|kɔk ɡolwa|pron|LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-coq gaulois.wav}}) is a [national symbol](/source/national_symbol) of [France](/source/France) as a nation, as opposed to [Marianne](/source/Marianne) representing France as a state and its values: the Republic.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}} A [rooster](/source/rooster), in a different pose, is also used as the symbol of the [Wallonia](/source/Wallonia) and the [French Community of Belgium](/source/French_Community_of_Belgium). ==France== [[File:Grille_du_Coq_detail.jpg|thumb|upright|Gallic rooster on the garden gate of the [Élysée Palace](/source/%C3%89lys%C3%A9e_Palace) in Paris, the official residence of the [President of the French Republic](/source/President_of_France).]] During the times of Ancient Rome, [Suetonius](/source/Suetonius), in ''[The Twelve Caesars](/source/The_Twelve_Caesars)'', noticed that, in [Latin](/source/Latin_language), rooster (''gallus'') and Galli (''Gallus'') were [homonym](/source/homonym)s.{{Cite book|last=Graves|first=Robert|title=Suetonius. The Twelve Caesars|publisher=Penguin Classics|year=2007|isbn=978-0-140-45516-8|location=London|pages=273}} Its association with France dates back from the [Middle Ages](/source/Middle_Ages) and is due to the play on words in [Latin](/source/Latin_language) between ''Gallus'', meaning an inhabitant of [Gaul](/source/Gaul), and ''gallus'', meaning [rooster](/source/rooster), or cockerel. Its use, by the enemies of France, dates to this period, originally a [pun](/source/pun) to make fun of the French, the association between the rooster and the Gauls/French was developed by the kings of France for the strong Christian symbol that the rooster represents: prior to being arrested, Jesus predicted that Peter would deny him three times before the rooster crowed on the following morning. At the rooster's crowing, Peter remembered Jesus's words. Its crowing at the dawning of each new morning made it a symbol of the daily victory of light over darkness and the triumph of good over evil. It is also an emblem of the Christian's attitude of watchfulness and readiness for the sudden return of Christ, the resurrection of the dead, and the final judgment of humankind. That is why, during the [Renaissance](/source/Renaissance), the rooster became a symbol of France as a Catholic state and became a popular Christian image on [weather vane](/source/weather_vane)s, also known as weathercocks.{{Citation needed|date=March 2018}} [[File:Liomer,_Somme,_France.JPG|thumbnail|upright|Gallic rooster atop a [World War I](/source/World_War_I) memorial, [Liomer](/source/Liomer) ([Somme](/source/Somme_(department))).]] The popularity of the Gallic rooster as a national personification faded away until its resurgence during the [French Revolution](/source/French_Revolution) (1789). The republican [historiography](/source/historiography) completely modified the traditional perception of the origins of France. Until then, the royal historiography dated the origins of France back to the baptism of [Clovis I](/source/Clovis_I) in 496, the "first Christian king of France". The republicans rejected this royalist and Christian origin of the country and trace the origins of France back to the ancient Gaul. Although purely apocryphal, the rooster became the personification of the early inhabitants of France, the Gauls. The Gallic rooster, colloquially named ''[Chantecler](/source/Reynard_the_Fox)'', had been a national emblem ever since, especially during the [Third Republic](/source/Third_French_Republic). The rooster was featured on the reverse of French 20-franc gold pieces from 1899 to 1914. After [World War I](/source/World_War_I) it was depicted on countless [war memorials](/source/war_memorials). [[File:Logo XV de france.JPG|thumbnail|The jersey of the [French national rugby team](/source/France_national_rugby_union_team), with the traditional Gallic rooster symbol]] Today, it is often used as a national [mascot](/source/mascot), particularly in sporting events such as [football](/source/Association_football) (soccer) and [rugby](/source/rugby_football). The [1998 FIFA World Cup](/source/1998_FIFA_World_Cup), hosted by France, adopted an anthropomorphic rooster named [Footix](/source/Footix) as its [mascot](/source/mascot). Two decades later, the [2019 FIFA Women's World Cup](/source/2019_FIFA_Women's_World_Cup), also hosted by France, featured a young anthropomorphic female chicken known as ettie (officially in lower case) as its mascot, with ettie being depicted as the daughter of Footix.{{cite web |url=https://inside.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/france2019/news/ettie-makes-her-first-public-appearance-2949701 |title=ettie™ makes her first public appearance |last= |first= |date=May 12, 2018 |website=FIFA.com |publisher= |access-date=October 6, 2024 |quote=}}{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcsports.com/soccer/news/womens-world-cup-mascot-costume-stolen-from-parc-des-prince |title=Women’s World Cup mascot costume stolen from Parc des Prince |last=Bonn |first=Kyle |date=June 26, 2019 |website=NBC Sports |publisher= |access-date=October 6, 2024 |quote=}} The [France national rugby league team](/source/France_national_rugby_league_team) are known as the ''Chanteclairs'', referring to the cockerel's song. The popularity of the symbol extends into business through several notable brands: * ''[Le Coq Sportif](/source/Le_Coq_Sportif)'' ("The athletic rooster"), a French manufacturer of sports equipment using a stylized rooster and the colors of the [French tricolour](/source/French_tricolour) as its logo, * the logo of [Pathé](/source/Path%C3%A9), a French-born, now international company of film production and distribution, * [Ayam Brand](/source/Ayam_Brand), an Asia-wide food company based in Singapore founded by a Frenchman in 1892 formerly known as "A. Clouet & Co.", the name came from the [Malay](/source/Malay_language) word ''ayam'' meaning "chicken" in reference to the rooster adorning many of the Clouet products at the time.{{Cite web|date=30 June 2018|title=How a symbol of France ended up on the cans of Asia’s Ayam Brand|url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/food-drink/article/2153039/story-ayam-brand-set-singapore-frenchman-and-how-it-got-its|access-date=20 September 2020|website=[South China Morning Post](/source/South_China_Morning_Post)|language=en}} Another heraldic animal officially used by the French nation was the [French Imperial Eagle](/source/French_Imperial_Eagle), symbol of the [First](/source/First_French_Empire) and [Second French Empire](/source/Second_French_Empire) under [Napoleon I](/source/Napoleon_I) and [Napoleon III](/source/Napoleon_III), as well as the bee.{{Cite web|date=June 2004|title=The symbols of Empire|url=https://www.napoleon.org/en/history-of-the-two-empires/the-symbols-of-empire/|access-date=18 December 2023|website=[Fondation Napoléon](/source/Fondation_Napol%C3%A9on)|language=en}} There was also the [Salamander](/source/Salamanders_in_folklore) which was used under [Francis I of France](/source/Francis_I_of_France). ==Wallonia== {{main|Flag of Wallonia}} [[File:Coq wallon.svg|thumb|The [Walloon rooster](/source/Flag_of_Wallonia).]] Inspired by the French example, a rooster was adopted as the symbol of [Walloon movement](/source/Walloon_movement) in 1913.{{citation needed|date=September 2018}} It represents a "[bold rooster](/source/Fighting_cocks)" (''coq hardi''), raising its claws, instead of the "crowing rooster" that is traditionally depicted in France. This symbol, also known as the Walloon rooster, was officially adopted as the symbol of [Wallonia](/source/Wallonia) (in 1998) and the [French Community of Belgium](/source/French_Community_of_Belgium) (in 1991). ==Cocorico== In France, the [French](/source/French_language) [onomatopoeia](/source/onomatopoeia) for the rooster [crowing sound](/source/Rooster), "cocorico" (''cock-a-doodle-doo''), is sometimes used as an expression of national pride, sometimes ironically.{{Citation needed|date=July 2023}} ==See also== *[Rooster of Barcelos](/source/Rooster_of_Barcelos) ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons category}} *[https://www.elysee.fr/en/french-presidency/the-rooster French presidency - symbols of the French Republic] *[http://ambafrance-us.org/spip.php?article604 Embassy of France in the United States - additional information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924133801/http://www.ambafrance-us.org/spip.php?article604 |date=24 September 2009 }} *[http://www.archives.premier-ministre.gouv.fr/villepin/en/acteurs/symbols_of_the_republic_185/the_gallic_rooster_50226.html French Prime Minister's office - additional information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207215117/http://www.archives.premier-ministre.gouv.fr/villepin/en/acteurs/symbols_of_the_republic_185/the_gallic_rooster_50226.html |date=7 December 2008 }} *{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20060116130949/http://www.aldaver.com/Images/Wc/wc1998m2.jpg Images of Footix]}}, the cockerel [mascot](/source/mascot) of the [1998 FIFA World Cup](/source/1998_FIFA_World_Cup). *[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3993495.stm France plucks its bird from peril], from [BBC](/source/BBC). A plan to preserve the genetic heritage of the French cockerel. {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gallic Rooster}} Category:National symbols of France Category:Heraldic birds Category:Fictional chickens Category:Chickens in art Category:Heraldic beasts Category:Visual motifs [de:Hahn (Wappentier)#Der gallische Hahn](/source/de%3AHahn_(Wappentier)) --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Gallic rooster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallic_rooster) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallic_rooster?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.