# GLIC

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The '''GLIC''' receptor is a [bacterial](/source/bacterial) ([<u>G</u>loeobacter](/source/Gloeobacter)) [<u>L</u>igand-gated <u>I</u>on <u>C</u>hannel](/source/Ligand-gated_ion_channel), [homolog](/source/Sequence_homology) to the [nicotinic acetylcholine receptors](/source/nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptors). It is a proton-gated (the channel opens when it binds a proton, {{chem|H|+}} ion), [cation](/source/cation)-selective channel (it selectively lets the positive ions through). Like the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors is a functional [pentameric oligomer](/source/Pentameric_protein) (the channel normally works as an assembly of five subunits). However while its [eukaryotic](/source/eukaryotic) homologues are hetero-oligomeric (assembled from different subunits), all until now known bacteria known to express LICs encode a single monomeric unit, indicating the GLIC to be functionally homo-oligomeric (assembled from identical subunits).<ref name="pmid5642096">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tasneem A, Iyer L, Jakobsson E, Aravind L | journal = Genome Biology | volume = 6 | title =Identification of the prokaryotic ligand-gated ion channels and their implications for the mechanisms and origins of animal Cys-loop ion channels |  year = 2004 | pages = R4 | issn = 1465-6906 | pmid = 15642096 | doi = 10.1186/gb-2004-6-1-r4 | pmc=549065 | issue=1 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

The similarity of amino-acid sequence to the eukaryotic [LGIC](/source/LGIC)s is not localized to any single or particular [tertiary](/source/Protein_tertiary_structure) [domain](/source/Protein_domain), indicating the similar function of the GLIC to its eukaryotic equivalents. Regardless, the purpose of regulating the threshold for action potential excitation in the nerve signal transmission of multicellular organisms cannot translate to single-cell organisms, thereby not making the purpose of bacterial LGICs immediately obvious.

==Structure==

The structure of the open channel structure was solved by two independent research teams in 2009<ref name="GLIC1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bocquet N, Nury H, Baaden M, Le Poupon C, Changeux JP, Delarue M, Corringer PJ | journal = Nature | volume =  457 | title = X-ray structure of a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel in an apparently open conformation |  year = 2009 | issue = 7225 | pages = 111–114 | issn = 0028-0836 | doi = 10.1038/nature07462 | pmid=18987633| bibcode = 2009Natur.457..111B | s2cid = 4395028 | url = http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/153102 }}</ref><ref name="GLIC2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hilf RJ, Dutzler R | journal = Nature | volume =  457 | title = Structure of a potentially open state of a proton-activated pentameric ligand-gated ion channel |  year = 2009 | issue = 7225 | pages = 115–U122 | issn = 0028-0836 | doi = 10.1038/nature07461 | pmid = 18987630 | bibcode = 2009Natur.457..115H | s2cid = 4365841 }}</ref> at low pH values of 4-4.6 (GLIC being proton-gated).

==See also==
*[Cys-loop receptors](/source/Cys-loop_receptors)
*[Ion channel](/source/Ion_channel)
*[Receptor (biochemistry)](/source/Receptor_(biochemistry))

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

{{Ligand-gated ion channels}}

Category:Electrophysiology
Category:Ion channels
Category:Ionotropic receptors
Category:Molecular neuroscience
Category:Neurochemistry
Category:Protein families

{{transmembranereceptor-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [GLIC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLIC) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLIC?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.