# GCLC

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/GCLC
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/GCLC.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCLC
> Source revision: 1303528177
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
'''Glutamate–cysteine ligase catalytic subunit''' is an [enzyme](/source/enzyme) that in humans is encoded by the ''GCLC'' [gene](/source/gene).<ref name="pmid1350904">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gipp JJ, Chang C, Mulcahy RT | title = Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a full-length cDNA for human liver gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 185 | issue = 1 | pages = 29–35 | date = May 1992 | pmid = 1350904 | doi = 10.1016/S0006-291X(05)80950-7 | bibcode = 1992BBRC..185...29G }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GCLC glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2729}}</ref>

== Function ==

Glutamate–cysteine ligase, also known as gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase is the first rate limiting enzyme of glutathione synthesis. The enzyme consists of two subunits, a heavy catalytic subunit and a light regulatory subunit. The gene encoding the catalytic subunit encodes a protein of 367 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 72.773 kDa and maps to chromosome 6. The regulatory subunit is derived from a different gene located on chromosome 1p22-p21. Deficiency of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase in human is associated with enzymopathic hemolytic anemia.<ref name="entrez"/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Dickinson DA, Levonen AL, Moellering DR, Arnold EK, Zhang H, Darley-Usmar VM, Forman HJ | title = Human glutamate cysteine ligase gene regulation through the electrophile response element | journal = Free Radical Biology & Medicine | volume = 37 | issue = 8 | pages = 1152–9 | date = Oct 2004 | pmid = 15451055 | doi = 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.06.011 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lebo RV, Kredich NM | title = Inactivation of human gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by cystamine. Demonstration and quantification of enzyme-ligand complexes | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 253 | issue = 8 | pages = 2615–23 | date = Apr 1978 | doi = 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)40865-9 | pmid = 24639 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Beutler E, Moroose R, Kramer L, Gelbart T, Forman L | title = Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase deficiency and hemolytic anemia | journal = Blood | volume = 75 | issue = 1 | pages = 271–3 | date = Jan 1990 | pmid = 2294991 | doi =  10.1182/blood.V75.1.271.271| doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Konrad PN, Richards F, Valentine WN, Paglia DE | title = -Glutamyl-cysteine synthetase deficiency. A cause of hereditary hemolytic anemia | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 286 | issue = 11 | pages = 557–61 | date = Mar 1972 | pmid = 5058793 | doi = 10.1056/NEJM197203162861101 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mulcahy RT, Gipp JJ | title = Identification of a putative antioxidant response element in the 5'-flanking region of the human gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase heavy subunit gene | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 209 | issue = 1 | pages = 227–33 | date = Apr 1995 | pmid = 7726839 | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.1995.1493 | bibcode = 1995BBRC..209..227M }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sierra-Rivera E, Summar ML, Dasouki M, Krishnamani MR, Phillips JA, Freeman ML | title = Assignment of the gene (GLCLC) that encodes the heavy subunit of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase to human chromosome 6 | journal = Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics | volume = 70 | issue = 3–4 | pages = 278–9 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7789189 | doi = 10.1159/000134051 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kondo T, Yoshida K, Urata Y, Goto S, Gasa S, Taniguchi N | title = gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase and active transport of glutathione S-conjugate are responsive to heat shock in K562 erythroid cells | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 268 | issue = 27 | pages = 20366–72 | date = Sep 1993 | doi = 10.1016/S0021-9258(20)80737-6 | pmid = 8104187 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tsuchiya K, Mulcahy RT, Reid LL, Disteche CM, Kavanagh TJ | title = Mapping of the glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit gene (GLCLC) to human chromosome 6p12 and mouse chromosome 9D-E and of the regulatory subunit gene (GLCLR) to human chromosome 1p21-p22 and mouse chromosome 3H1-3 | journal = Genomics | volume = 30 | issue = 3 | pages = 630–2 | date = Dec 1995 | pmid = 8825659 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1995.1293 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Walsh AC, Li W, Rosen DR, Lawrence DA | title = Genetic mapping of GLCLC, the human gene encoding the catalytic subunit of gamma-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase, to chromosome band 6p12 and characterization of a polymorphic trinucleotide repeat within its 5' untranslated region | journal = Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics | volume = 75 | issue = 1 | pages = 14–6 | year = 1997 | pmid = 8995480 | doi = 10.1159/000134447 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Misra I, Griffith OW | title = Expression and purification of human gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase | journal = Protein Expression and Purification | volume = 13 | issue = 2 | pages = 268–76 | date = Jul 1998 | pmid = 9675072 | doi = 10.1006/prep.1998.0897 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tu Z, Anders MW | title = Identification of an important cysteine residue in human glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit by site-directed mutagenesis | journal = The Biochemical Journal | volume = 336 ( Pt 3) | issue = 3 | pages = 675–80 | date = Dec 1998 | pmid = 9841880 | pmc = 1219919 | doi =  10.1042/bj3360675}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Galloway DC, Blake DG, McLellan LI | title = Regulation of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase regulatory subunit (GLCLR) gene expression: identification of the major transcriptional start site in HT29 cells | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression | volume = 1446 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 47–56 | date = Jul 1999 | pmid = 10395918 | doi = 10.1016/S0167-4781(99)00073-1 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Manna SK, Kuo MT, Aggarwal BB | title = Overexpression of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase suppresses tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis and activation of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B and activator protein-1 | journal = Oncogene | volume = 18 | issue = 30 | pages = 4371–82 | date = Jul 1999 | pmid = 10439045 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1202811 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Beutler E, Gelbart T, Kondo T, Matsunaga AT | title = The molecular basis of a case of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase deficiency | journal = Blood | volume = 94 | issue = 8 | pages = 2890–4 | date = Oct 1999 | pmid = 10515893 | doi =  10.1182/blood.V94.8.2890.420k16_2890_2894| s2cid = 83395002 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ristoff E, Augustson C, Geissler J, de Rijk T, Carlsson K, Luo JL, Andersson K, Weening RS, van Zwieten R, Larsson A, Roos D | title = A missense mutation in the heavy subunit of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene causes hemolytic anemia | journal = Blood | volume = 95 | issue = 7 | pages = 2193–6 | date = Apr 2000 | pmid = 10733484 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tatebe S, Sinicrope FA, Kuo MT | title = Induction of multidrug resistance proteins MRP1 and MRP3 and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene expression by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in human colon cancer cells | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 290 | issue = 5 | pages = 1427–33 | date = Feb 2002 | pmid = 11820781 | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.2002.6367 | bibcode = 2002BBRC..290.1427T }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yang P, Yokomizo A, Tazelaar HD, Marks RS, Lesnick TG, Miller DL, Sloan JA, Edell ES, Meyer RL, Jett J, Liu W | title = Genetic determinants of lung cancer short-term survival: the role of glutathione-related genes | journal = Lung Cancer | volume = 35 | issue = 3 | pages = 221–9 | date = Mar 2002 | pmid = 11844594 | doi = 10.1016/S0169-5002(01)00426-3 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ray S, Watkins DN, Misso NL, Thompson PJ | title = Oxidant stress induces gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthesis in human bronchial epithelial NCI-H292 cells | journal = Clinical and Experimental Allergy | volume = 32 | issue = 4 | pages = 571–7 | date = Apr 2002 | pmid = 11972604 | doi = 10.1046/j.0954-7894.2002.01294.x | s2cid = 40176433 }}
{{refend}}

Category:Genes mutated in mice

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [GCLC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCLC) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCLC?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.