# Francis Champneys

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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name              = Sir Francis Henry Champneys
| image             = Francis Champneys2.jpg
| birth_date        = 25 March 1848
| birth_place       = [Whitechapel](/source/Whitechapel), London, England
| death_date        = 30 July 1930
| death_place       = [Nutley](/source/Nutley%2C_East_Sussex), [Sussex](/source/Sussex), England
| residence         =
| citizenship       = 
| nationality       = 
| alma_mater        = 
| doctoral_advisor  = 
| doctoral_students = 
| known_for         = Raising the status of [midwives](/source/midwives)
Founding the [History of Medicine Society](/source/History_of_Medicine_Society) at [Royal Society of Medicine](/source/Royal_Society_of_Medicine)
Crown nominee of [GMC](/source/General_Medical_Council) 1911–1926
| author_abbrev_bot = 
| author_abbrev_zoo = 
| signature         = 
| footnotes         = 
| honorific_suffix  = [FRCP](/source/Fellow_of_the_Royal_College_of_Physicians)
| ethnicity         = 
| field             = physician, obstetrician and historian
| work_institutions = 
| prizes            = 
| religion          = 
| education         = [Brasenose College](/source/Brasenose_College) <br> [St Bartholomew's Hospital](/source/St_Bartholomew's_Hospital) 
}}

{{Use British English|date=March 2016}}
thumb|230px|Francis Champneys with family in 1862
'''Sir Francis Henry Champneys, 1st Baronet''', [FRCP](/source/Fellow_of_the_Royal_College_of_Physicians) (25 March 1848 in London – 30 July 1930 in Nutley, Sussex, England)<ref name=r1/><ref>[https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/sir-francis-henry-champneys-18481930-bt-dm-frcp-148369 Sir Francis Henry Champneys (1848–1930), Bt, DM, FRCP]. BBC</ref> was an eminent [obstetrician](/source/obstetrician) known for raising the status of midwives in the early twentieth century, by his campaigning for their training and certification and for supporting the founding of the [History of Medicine Society](/source/History_of_Medicine_Society) in 1912.<ref>J. S. Fairbairn, ‘Champneys, Sir Francis Henry, first baronet (1848–1930)’, rev. June Hannam, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32358, accessed 26 June 2012]</ref><ref name=":Hunting" />

==Early years==
Champneys was born in the rectory of [St Mary's, Whitechapel](/source/St_Mary_Matfelon) on 25 March 1848. His father was [William Champneys](/source/William_Champneys), then rector of St Mary's, later Canon of [St Paul's Cathedral](/source/St_Paul's_Cathedral) and later [Dean of Lichfield](/source/Dean_of_Lichfield) from 1868 to 1875, and his mother, Mary Anne, was daughter of the [goldsmith](/source/goldsmith) and [silversmith](/source/silversmith) [Paul Storr](/source/Paul_Storr) (his cousins thus including Rev. [Vernon Storr](/source/Vernon_Storr), [Archdeacon of Westminster](/source/Archdeacon_of_Westminster) from 1931 to 1936, Rev. [Frank Utterton](/source/Frank_Utterton), [Archdeacon of Surrey](/source/Archdeacon_of_Surrey) from 1906 to 1908, the artists [Rex Whistler](/source/Rex_Whistler) and [Laurence Whistler](/source/Laurence_Whistler), and the academic [Michael Lindsay, 2nd Baron Lindsay of Birker](/source/Michael_Lindsay%2C_2nd_Baron_Lindsay_of_Birker)).<ref>Paul Storr 1771-1844, Silversmith and Goldsmith, N. M. Penzer, Hamlyn Publishing Group, 1971, pp. 16-17</ref><ref name="r1" /><ref>[http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw139206/William-Weldon-Champneys William Weldon Champneys]. NPG. Retrieved on 5 June 2014.</ref><ref name=":1" />

Among his six siblings were the architect and author [Basil Champneys](/source/Basil_Champneys) and the rowing clergyman [Weldon Champneys](/source/Weldon_Champneys).<ref>‘CHAMPNEYS, Sir Francis (Henry)’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U207367, accessed 26 June 2012]</ref> As a child and before the invention of perforation, Champneys would spend Sunday afternoons cutting sheets of stamps. He was awarded a scholarship to be educated at [Winchester College](/source/Winchester_College), one of the ancient [public schools of England](/source/public_school_(United_Kingdom)), and later [Brasenose College, Oxford](/source/Brasenose_College%2C_Oxford). He then, in 1871, became a medical student at [St Bartholomew's Hospital](/source/St_Bartholomew's_Hospital), qualifying in 1888.<ref>[http://www.stanford.edu/group/auden/cgi-bin/auden/individual.php?pid=I15550&ged=auden-bicknell.ged Stanford] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105010808/http://www.stanford.edu/group/auden/cgi-bin/auden/individual.php?pid=I15550&ged=auden-bicknell.ged |date=5 November 2013 }}. Stanford.edu. Retrieved on 5 June 2014.</ref><ref name=":2" />

==Career==
Champneys was a fellow of the [Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society](/source/Royal_Medical_and_Chirurgical_Society) and was elected president of its successor organisation, the [Royal Society of Medicine](/source/Royal_Society_of_Medicine), in 1912. He supported [Sir William Osler](/source/Sir_William_Osler) in the founding of [The History of Medicine Society at The Royal Society of Medicine, London](/source/The_History_of_Medicine_Society_at_The_Royal_Society_of_Medicine%2C_London), in the same year.<ref name=":Hunting" >{{Cite book|title=The History of The Royal Society of Medicine|last=Hunting|first=Penelope|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hFNrAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA=330|publisher=Royal Society of Medicine Press|year=2002|isbn=978-1853154973|chapter=8. From anaesthetics to proctology:Section of the history of medicine|pages=330–332}}</ref>

== Legacy ==

Champneys particularly championed raising the status of [midwives](/source/midwives) and was the main driving force of the [Midwives Act 1902](/source/Midwives_Act_1902), which he did by being the first chairman of the [Central Midwives’ Board](/source/Nursing_and_Midwifery_Council) from 1902 until his death in 1930. The act required midwives to be trained and examined in a [maternity hospital](/source/maternity_hospital). They then had to be on the register of the central midwives board.<ref name="r1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120716140658/http://www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/c/h/a/champneys_f.htm Francis Henry Champneys]. hymntime.com</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Shaw|first=W. Fletcher|date=1953-01-17|title=The Central Midwives Board and Sir Francis Champneys|url=http://www.bmj.com/content/1/4802/158.1|journal=Br Med J|language=en|volume=1|issue=4802|pages=158|doi=10.1136/bmj.1.4802.158|s2cid=74200317|issn=0007-1447|url-access=subscription|pmc=2015263}}</ref>

He was the crown nominee from 1911 to 1926 of the [General Medical Council](/source/General_Medical_Council). Champneys was created a baronet in 1910.<ref name="r1" />

== Music ==
Champneys was an amateur musician, studying under Charles Wesley at Winchester. Whilst at Brasenose, Champneys composed a number of glees and madrigals, founding at the same time, a glees club. Later, he was to study music under [John Goss (composer)](/source/John_Goss_(composer)) and held various musical positions between 1880 and 1913.<ref name="r1" /><ref name=":2" />

==Personal life and death==
Champneys married Virginia Julian Dalrymple (1850-1922), daughter of [Sir John Warrender Dalrymple](/source/Hamilton-Dalrymple_baronets), on 12 September 1876.

He died on 31 July 1930 at age 83 years at his Nutley home and was succeeded by his son, [Weldon Dalrymple-Champneys](/source/Weldon_Dalrymple-Champneys), who also became a physician. Weldon never had children and the baronetcy therefore ended.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Dalrymple-Champneys|first=Weldon|date=1963|title=Sir Francis Champneys|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine|publisher=Royal Society of Medicine|volume=56|issue=Suppl 1|pages=26–27|pmc=1896747|pmid=14044494|doi=10.1177/00359157630560S108}}</ref>

==References==
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{{Reflist}}

{{S-start}}
{{s-reg|uk-bt}}
{{s-new |creation}}
{{s-ttl |title=[Baronet](/source/Dalrymple-Champneys_baronets)<br />'''(of Littlemeads in the County of Sussex)''' |years=1910–1930}}
{{s-aft |after=[Weldon Dalrymple-Champneys](/source/Weldon_Dalrymple-Champneys)}}
{{S-end}}

{{Presidents of the Royal Society of Medicine|state = collapsed}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Champneys, Francis}}
Category:1848 births
Category:1930 deaths
Category:People from Whitechapel
Category:People educated at Winchester College
Category:Alumni of Brasenose College, Oxford
Category:English gynaecologists
Category:Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians
Francis
1
Category:Presidents of the Royal Society of Medicine
Category:People from Wealden District
Category:Presidents of the Obstetrical Society of London

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Francis Champneys](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Champneys) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Champneys?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.