# Frame running

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{{Short description|Disability athletics discipline using a wheeled frame}}
alt=A girl walking with a RAD-Innovations RaceRunner frame|thumb|A girl walking with a RAD-Innovations RaceRunner frame.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RAD RaceRunner Running Bike|url=https://www.rad-innovations.com/racerunner-running-bike.html|access-date=2021-01-15|website=RAD Innovations|language=en}}</ref>
'''Frame running''', previously known as RaceRunning,<ref>{{cite web|title=About Race Runner|url=http://www.cpisra.org/index.php?id=72|work=Racerunner|publisher=CPISRA|access-date=18 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=RaceRunning (Frame Running) with RAD-innovations|url=https://www.rad-innovations.com/racerunning.html|access-date=2021-01-15|website=RAD Innovations|language=en}}</ref> is an adaptive athletic discipline, primarily for people with severe coordination and balance impairments such as [cerebral palsy](/source/cerebral_palsy) and Multiple Sclerosis<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McEwan |journal=Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology |date=2026 |doi=10.1080/17483107.2026.2633593 |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2026.2633593}}</ref>. Athletes use a three-wheeled running frame, with a saddle, body support and most notably, no pedals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RaceRunning (Frame Running) with RAD-innovations |url=https://www.rad-innovations.com/racerunning.html |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=RAD Innovations |language=en}}</ref> Athletes run over distances similar to other track and road running disciplines; 100, 200, 400, 800 meters as well as 5 kilometers, 10 kilometers, half and full marathons. Like running more generally, frame running can be competitive, recreational, or for health and fitness.

Frame running<ref>{{cite web|title=What is frame running|url= https://framerunning.org/about-frame-running/what-is-frame-running/}}</ref> was created in Denmark in 1991 by Paralympian [Connie Hansen](/source/Connie_Hansen) and Mansoor Siddiqi, a former [CP2L](/source/CP2_(classification)) backwards wheelchair foot pushing athlete<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=The History of Frame Running |url=https://framerunning.org/about-frame-running/the-history-of-frame-running/ |access-date=2024-08-28 |website=framerunning.org |language=da}}</ref> and currently the international frame running coordinator. It has since been developed in partnership with the [Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association](/source/Cerebral_Palsy_International_Sports_and_Recreation_Association).

== History ==
In 1997, the first frame running development camp and cup was held in Copenhagen, Denmark. This became an annual event. The 25th edition of the Camp and Cup was held in 2022, with athletes from 14 countries represented.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://parasport.dk/nyheder/oevrige-nyheder/landsdaekkende/frame-running-camp-cup-fejrede-25-aars-jubilaeum/|title= FRAME RUNNING CAMP & CUP FEJREDE 25-ÅRS JUBILÆUM (in Danish)}}</ref>

Frame running has been contested at the [CPISRA World Games](/source/CPISRA_World_Games) since 2005{{citation needed|date=January 2023}} <!--Frame running events appear in the program and qualifying standards from the 2005 Games; they do not appear in any online info about the 2001 Games-->, and at the [IWAS World Games](/source/IWAS_World_Games) since 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://iwasf.com/iwas-games/iwas-world-games/past-games/iwas-world-games-sharjah-2011/|title= IWAS World Games, Sharjah 2011}}</ref>

In 2017, frame running was announced as a [World Para Athletics](/source/World_Para_Athletics) track discipline, alongside ambulant running and wheelchair racing.<ref>{{cite web|title=RaceRunning events to be included in World Para Athletics program|url= https://www.paralympic.org/news/racerunning-events-be-included-world-para-athletics-programme}}</ref> 100m frame running events were contested at the [2018](/source/2018_World_Para_Athletics_European_Championships) and [2021 World Para Athletics European Championships](/source/2021_World_Para_Athletics_European_Championships), and at the [2019 World Para Athletics Championships](/source/2019_World_Para_Athletics_Championships). Frame running was unsuccessfully proposed for inclusion in the [2024 Summer Paralympics](/source/2024_Summer_Paralympics).<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.racerunning.org.au/news/wpa-proposal-to-include-frame-running-in-paris-2024-programme-/|title= WPA proposal to include frame running in Paris 2024 Programme|access-date= 2023-01-12|archive-date= 2023-01-12|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230112224117/https://www.racerunning.org.au/news/wpa-proposal-to-include-frame-running-in-paris-2024-programme-/|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1116995/frame-running-and-t33-paris-2024|title=Omission of frame running and T33 events at Paris 2024 sparks protest}}</ref> It was, however, included in the program for the [2023 World Para Athletics Championships](/source/2023_World_Para_Athletics_Championships).

== International Frame Running ==
Frame Running clubs exist in countries around the world including the United States, Australia, Portugal, Denmark, Netherlands, the UK, Poland, Lithuania, and others.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About RaceRunning {{!}} RaceRunning USA|url=https://www.racerunningusa.org/about-racerunning.html|access-date=2021-03-01|website=FRAME RUNNING USA|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> Frame Running is very popular in the United States but some other countries are attempting to incorporate it into their athletics. Canada, in an attempt to launch frame running in Toronto, started a Pilot Program.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Frame Running |url=https://ccpsa.ca/en/sports/frame-running/ |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Canadian Cerebral Palsy Sports Association |language=en-US}}</ref> The Canadian Cerebral Palsy Sports Association (CCPSA) was responsible for this program being started but also worked with an education program.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Frame Running |url=https://ccpsa.ca/en/sports/frame-running/ |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Canadian Cerebral Palsy Sports Association |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Running frames ==
Running frames help athletes to compete by supporting their body and keeping them stable with three wheels, similar to a tricycle.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RaceRunning (Frame Running) with RAD-innovations |url=https://www.rad-innovations.com/racerunning.html |access-date=2025-10-23 |website=RAD Innovations |language=en}}</ref> The most common frames come from the company RAD Racerunner. The frames themselves in terms of structure and overall shape are very similar. The designs or smaller aspects such as color can be customized.  

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Athletics events}}

Category:Para-athletics
Category:Events in track and field

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Frame running](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_running) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_running?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.