# Fort Garland

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United States historic place

Fort Garland U.S. National Register of Historic Places Colorado State Register of Historic Properties Fort Garland in 1874. Show map of Colorado Show map of the United States Location Fort Garland, Colorado Coordinates 37°25′26″N 105°25′56″W / 37.42397°N 105.43224°W / 37.42397; -105.43224 Built 1858 NRHP reference No. 70000156[1] CSRHP No. 5CT.46[2] Added to NRHP February 26, 1970

**Fort Garland** (1858–1883), [Colorado](/source/Colorado), United States, was designed to house two companies of soldiers to protect settlers in the [San Luis Valley](/source/San_Luis_Valley), then in the [Territory of New Mexico](/source/Territory_of_New_Mexico) (1850-1912). It was named for General [John Garland](/source/John_Garland_(general)) (1793-1861), then commander of the [United States Army](/source/United_States_Army)'s Military District of New Mexico.[3]

## History

Colonel [Kit Carson](/source/Kit_Carson) and New Mexico Volunteers were stationed here after the [American Civil War](/source/American_Civil_War) (1861-1865), in 1866 and he successfully negotiated a treaty with the local native [Utes](/source/Ute_tribe) in 1867.[3]

The [Ninth U.S. Cavalry](/source/9th_Cavalry_Regiment_(United_States)) ([Buffalo Soldiers](/source/Buffalo_Soldiers)) was stationed here for three years between 1876 and 1879. In 1876, these troops were called to the La Plata region to prevent conflict between the Utes and white mining prospectors. The following year, they helped remove illegal white settlers from Ute reservation lands.[3]

In 1879, United States military units from Fort Garland were called upon by [Nathan Meeker](/source/Nathan_Meeker), the Indian Agent of the [Bureau of Indian Affairs](/source/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs) at the White River Agency. Meeker and others were killed, and family members taken captive by unhappy Utes. The captives were released and the Utes were moved once again, which reduced the need for a military fort.

## Fort Garland Museum

The [Colorado Historical Society](/source/Colorado_Historical_Society) restored the fort and opened the **Fort Garland Museum** in 1950.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] Restored and reconstructed buildings include the adobe Commandant's Quarters, where [Kit Carson](/source/Kit_Carson) and his wife once lived,[4] the [cavalry](/source/Cavalry) [barracks](/source/Barracks) with exhibits of Hispanic traditional arts and 19th century transportation artifacts, and officer's quarters. Permanent exhibits focus on Kit Carson and Buffalo Soldiers.[5] The museum is administered by [History Colorado](/source/History_Colorado) organization.

[Pike's Stockade](/source/Pike's_Stockade), the reconstructed [stockade](/source/Stockade) site where Western explorer and Army officer [Zebulon Pike](/source/Zebulon_Pike) raised the American flag in 1807, is located about 45 miles southwest of the fort.[6]

## See also

- [National Register of Historic Places listings in Costilla County, Colorado](/source/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Costilla_County%2C_Colorado)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-nris_1-0)** ["National Register Information System"](https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP). *[National Register of Historic Places](/source/National_Register_of_Historic_Places)*. [National Park Service](/source/National_Park_Service). January 23, 2007.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["Costilla County: Fort Garland"](http://www.historycolorado.org/archaeologists/costilla-county#garland). *National and State Register Listed Properties*. History Colorado. Retrieved July 6, 2013.[*[dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-SLVMA_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-SLVMA_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-SLVMA_3-2) ["The Story of Fort Garland: 1858-1883"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130718101920/http://www.museumtrail.org/StoryofFortGarland.asp). San Luis Valley Museum Association. Archived from [the original](http://www.museumtrail.org/StoryofFortGarland.asp) on July 18, 2013. Retrieved July 6, 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Commandant's Quarters"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130720071754/http://www.museumtrail.org/CommandantQuarters.asp). *Fort Garland Museum*. San Luis Valley Museum Association. Archived from [the original](http://www.museumtrail.org/CommandantQuarters.asp) on July 20, 2013. Retrieved July 6, 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Fort Garland Museum"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130718101857/http://www.museumtrail.org/FortGarlandMuseum.asp). San Luis Valley Museum Association. Archived from [the original](http://www.museumtrail.org/fortgarlandmuseum.asp) on July 18, 2013. Retrieved July 6, 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["History of the Fort"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130827211137/http://www.historycolorado.org/museums/history-fort-0). *Museums: Fort Garland Museum*. History Colorado. Archived from [the original](http://www.historycolorado.org/museums/history-fort-0) on August 27, 2013. Retrieved July 6, 2013.

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Fort Garland (Colorado)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fort_Garland_(Colorado)).

- [Fort Garland Museum & Cultural Center](https://www.historycolorado.org/fort-garland-museum-cultural-center) History Colorado

- [Fort Garland Museum](http://www.museumtrail.org/fortgarlandmuseum.asp) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20090303144104/http://www.museumtrail.org/fortgarlandmuseum.asp) 2009-03-03 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) San Luis Valley Museum Association

- [Friends of Fort Garland Museum](http://fortgarlandfriends.org/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20130503073425/http://fortgarlandfriends.org/) 2013-05-03 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

- [Fort Garland, Colorado](http://www.sangres.com/colorado/costilla/fortgarland.htm) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170929021956/http://www.sangres.com/colorado/costilla/fortgarland.htm) September 29, 2017, at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) Sangres.com

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Fort Garland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Garland) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Garland?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.