# Formin-2

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Formin-2
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Formin-2.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formin-2
> Source revision: 1310822189
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

Actin binding structural protein

FMN2 Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2YLE, 3R7G Identifiers Aliases FMN2, formin 2, Formin-2 External IDs OMIM: 606373; MGI: 1859252; HomoloGene: 137334; GeneCards: FMN2; OMA:FMN2 - orthologs Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1q43 Start 240,014,348 bp[1] End 240,475,187 bp[1] Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2] Band 1 H3|1 81.04 cM Start 174,329,391 bp[2] End 174,650,295 bp[2] RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in prefrontal cortex Brodmann area 9 cingulate gyrus anterior cingulate cortex right frontal lobe sural nerve caudate nucleus amygdala superior frontal gyrus ganglionic eminence Top expressed in secondary oocyte zygote primary oocyte extraocular muscle olfactory epithelium Rostral migratory stream sciatic nerve dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus supraoptic nucleus habenula More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene ontology Molecular function actin binding molecular function Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane plasma membrane spindle microvillus cell cortex nucleolus endoplasmic reticulum actin cytoskeleton perinuclear region of cytoplasm cytoskeleton cytoplasmic vesicle membrane cytoplasmic vesicle nucleus Biological process homologous chromosome movement towards spindle pole in meiosis I anaphase establishment of meiotic spindle localization intracellular signal transduction polar body extrusion after meiotic divisions negative regulation of protein catabolic process meiotic chromosome movement towards spindle pole negative regulation of apoptotic process intracellular transport actin filament bundle assembly cellular response to DNA damage stimulus oogenesis multicellular organism development protein transport formin-nucleated actin cable assembly cellular response to hypoxia vesicle-mediated transport positive regulation of double-strand break repair positive regulation of actin nucleation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 56776 54418 Ensembl ENSG00000155816 ENSMUSG00000028354 UniProt Q9NZ56 Q9JL04 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001305424 NM_020066 NM_001348094 NM_019445 RefSeq (protein) NP_001292353 NP_064450 NP_001335023 NP_062318 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 240.01 – 240.48 Mb Chr 1: 174.33 – 174.65 Mb PubMed search [3] [4] Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

**Formin-2** (FMN2) is an [actin](/source/Actin) binding [structural protein](/source/Structural_protein) and has a localized expression pattern in the developing and adult forms of the [central nervous system](/source/Central_nervous_system) (CNS).[5] FMN2 plays an important role in the nucleation and assembly of actin filaments. In humans, this gene is located on Chromosome 1.[6]

FMN2 plays a role in the ability of [neurons](/source/Neuron) to migrate and innervate target tissues.[7] FMN2 is present in the filopodial tips of neuronal growth cones and influences its pathfinding ability. In chicks FMN2 plays a role in migration of spinal commissural neurons.[8] FMN2 is reported to act like a clutch molecule generating traction to join the actin [cytoskeleton](/source/Cytoskeleton) to the growth cone.[9]

Biallelic mutations in this gene have been associated with Nonsyndromic Autosomal Recessive Intellectual Disability.[10]

FMN2 double [knockout mice](/source/Knockout_mice) are seen to be normal in gross and microscopic morphology of the brain but show decreased fertility, improper positioning of the [metaphase](/source/Metaphase) spindle and problems in the [polar body](/source/Polar_body) formation during [oogenesis](/source/Oogenesis).[10]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-2) [GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000155816](http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000155816) – [Ensembl](/source/Ensembl_genome_database_project), May 2017

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-2) [GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028354](http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSMUSG00000028354) – [Ensembl](/source/Ensembl_genome_database_project), May 2017

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Human PubMed Reference:"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=56776). *National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Mouse PubMed Reference:"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=54418). *National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["FMN2 - Formin-2 - Homo sapiens (Human) - FMN2 gene & protein"](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NZ56). *www.uniprot.org*. Retrieved 2022-04-05.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["HostDB"](https://hostdb.org/hostdb/app/record/gene/ENSG00000155816). *hostdb.org*. Retrieved 2022-04-05.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Peng KW, Liou YM (April 2012). "Differential role of actin-binding proteins in controlling the adipogenic differentiation of human CD105-positive Wharton's Jelly cells". *Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects*. **1820** (4): 469–481. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.01.014](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.bbagen.2012.01.014). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [22330775](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22330775).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Sahasrabudhe A, Ghate K, Mutalik S, Jacob A, Ghose A (February 2016). ["Formin 2 regulates the stabilization of filopodial tip adhesions in growth cones and affects neuronal outgrowth and pathfinding in vivo"](https://doi.org/10.1242%2Fdev.130104). *Development*. **143** (3) dev.130104: 449–460. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1242/dev.130104](https://doi.org/10.1242%2Fdev.130104). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [26718007](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26718007). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [103636](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:103636).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Ghate K, Mutalik SP, Sthanam LK, Sen S, Ghose A (November 2020). "Fmn2 Regulates Growth Cone Motility by Mediating a Molecular Clutch to Generate Traction Forces". *Neuroscience*. **448**: 160–171. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.046](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.neuroscience.2020.09.046). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [33002558](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33002558). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [221982536](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:221982536).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-auto_10-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-auto_10-1) Law R, Dixon-Salazar T, Jerber J, Cai N, Abbasi AA, Zaki MS, et al. (December 2014). ["Biallelic truncating mutations in FMN2, encoding the actin-regulatory protein Formin 2, cause nonsyndromic autosomal-recessive intellectual disability"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4259997). *American Journal of Human Genetics*. **95** (6): 721–728. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.10.016](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ajhg.2014.10.016). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [4259997](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4259997). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [25480035](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25480035).

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Formin-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formin-2) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formin-2?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.