# Fork cell

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{{Short description|Type of neuron}}
A '''fork cell''', also known as a '''fork neuron''', is a type of [neuron](/source/neuron) found in the human brain, located in the [anterior cingulate cortex](/source/anterior_cingulate_cortex) (ACC) and [frontoinsular cortex](/source/Insular_cortex) (FI).<ref name=":0" /> This type of neuron is characterized by its own morphology - two primary [apical dendrites](/source/Apical_dendrite), giving them a distinctive 'forked' appearance.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Evrard |first1=Henry C. |date=June 2018 |title=Von Economo and fork neurons in the monkey insula, implications for evolution of cognition |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352154617301249 |journal=[Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences](/source/Current_Opinion_in_Behavioral_Sciences) |series=The Evolution of Language |volume=21 |pages=182–190 |doi=10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.05.006|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Fork cells are found in humans and some other highly evolved species.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |title=Fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons in the mouse insular cortex |journal=[PLOS One](/source/PLOS_One)| date=2022 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0274170 | doi-access=free | last1=Taniguchi | first1=Manabu | last2=Iwahashi | first2=Misaki | last3=Oka | first3=Yuichiro | last4=Tiong | first4=Sheena Y. X. | last5=Sato | first5=Makoto | volume=17 | issue=9 | article-number=e0274170 | pmid=36067159 | pmc=9447900 | bibcode=2022PLoSO..1774170T }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=A Dijkstra |first1=Anke |last2=Lin |first2=Li-Chun |last3=L Nana |first3=Alissa |last4=E Gaus |first4=Stephanie |last5=W Seeley |first5=William |date=2 December 2016 |title=Von Economo Neurons and Fork Cells: A Neurochemical Signature Linked to Monoaminergic Function |url=https://academic.oup.com/cercor/article/28/1/131/2627131 |journal=[American University of Paris](/source/American_University_of_Paris) |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=131–144 |doi=10.1093/cercor/bhw358|pmid=27913432 |pmc=6075576 }}</ref>

== See also ==

* [Von Economo neuron](/source/Von_Economo_neuron)

== References ==
<references />

Category:Neuroscience
Category:Neuroanatomy
Category:Neurophysiology
Category:Cerebral cortex
Category:Brain
Category:Neurodevelopmental disorders
Category:Neurons

{{neuroanatomy-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Fork cell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fork_cell) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fork_cell?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.