# Forest steppe

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Vegetation zone

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The [East European forest steppe](/source/East_European_forest_steppe) ([ecoregion](/source/Ecoregion) PA0419)

Forest steppe landscape on the [Volga Upland](/source/Volga_Upland) near the city of [Saratov](/source/Saratov), Russia

[Devín](/source/Dev%C3%ADn) forest steppe in [Slovakia](/source/Slovakia)

A **forest steppe** is a temperate-climate [ecotone](/source/Ecotone) and [habitat](/source/Habitat) type composed of [grassland](/source/Grassland) interspersed with areas of [woodland](/source/Woodland) or [forest](/source/Forest).

## Locations

Forest steppe primarily occurs in a [belt of forest steppes](/source/Forest_steppe_belt) across northern [Eurasia](/source/Eurasia) from the eastern lowlands of [Europe](/source/Europe) to eastern [Siberia](/source/Siberia) in [northeast Asia](/source/Northeast_Asia). It forms transition ecoregions between the [temperate grasslands](/source/Temperate_grasslands) and [temperate broadleaf and mixed forests](/source/Temperate_broadleaf_and_mixed_forests) [biomes](/source/Biome). Much of Russia belongs to the forest steppe zone, stretches from [Central Russia](/source/Central_Russia), across [Volga](/source/Volga_region), [Ural](/source/Ural_(region)), [Siberian](/source/Siberia) and [Far East Russia](/source/Russian_Far_East).[1][2][3][4]

In upper North America another example of the forest steppe ecotone is the [aspen parkland](/source/Aspen_parkland) in the central [Prairie Provinces](/source/Prairie_Provinces), northeastern [British Columbia](/source/British_Columbia), [North Dakota](/source/North_Dakota), and [Minnesota](/source/Minnesota). It is the transition ecoregion from the [Great Plains](/source/Great_Plains) [prairie](/source/Prairie) and [steppe](/source/Steppe) temperate grasslands in the south to the [Taiga](/source/Taiga) biome forests in the north.

In central Asia the forest steppe ecotone is found in ecoregions in the mountains of the [Iranian Plateau](/source/Iranian_Plateau), in [Iran](/source/Iran), [Afghanistan](/source/Afghanistan), and [Balochistan](/source/Balochistan).

## Forest steppe ecoregions

- [East European forest steppe](/source/East_European_forest_steppe) forms a transition between the [Central European](/source/Central_European_mixed_forests) and [Sarmatic mixed forests](/source/Sarmatic_mixed_forests) to the north and the [Pontic–Caspian steppe](/source/Pontic%E2%80%93Caspian_steppe) to the south. It extends from [Romania](/source/Romania) in the west to the [Ural Mountains](/source/Ural_Mountains) in the east.

- The [Kazakh forest steppe](/source/Kazakh_forest_steppe) lies east of the Urals, between the [West Siberian broadleaf and mixed forests](/source/West_Siberian_broadleaf_and_mixed_forests) and the [Kazakh steppe](/source/Kazakh_steppe).

- [Altai montane forest and forest steppe](/source/Altai_montane_forest_and_forest_steppe)

- The [Southern Siberian rainforest](/source/Southern_Siberian_rainforest) includes forest-steppe areas.

- [Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe](/source/Selenge-Orkhon_forest_steppe)

- The [Daurian forest steppe](/source/Daurian_forest_steppe) lies between the [Trans-Baikal conifer forests](/source/Trans-Baikal_conifer_forests) and [East Siberian Taiga](/source/East_Siberian_Taiga) to the north and the [Mongolian-Manchurian grassland](/source/Mongolian-Manchurian_grassland) to the south.

- [Zagros Mountains forest steppe](/source/Zagros_Mountains_forest_steppe)

- [Elburz Range forest steppe](/source/Elburz_Range_forest_steppe)

- [Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe](/source/Kopet_Dag_woodlands_and_forest_steppe)

- [Kuhrud-Kohbanan Mountains forest steppe](/source/Kuhrud-Kohbanan_Mountains_forest_steppe)

- [Canadian Aspen forests and parklands](/source/Aspen_parkland)—North Dakota, Minnesota, and Canada

## External links

- Media related to [Forest steppes](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Forest_steppes) at Wikimedia Commons

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Blinnikov, Mikhail (2011). [*A geography of Russia and its neighbors*](https://archive.org/details/geographyrussiai00blin). Guilford Press. pp. [44](https://archive.org/details/geographyrussiai00blin/page/n60). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9781606239339](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781606239339).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Martynenko, A. B. (2007-04-01). "The steppe insect fauna in the Russian Far East: Myth or reality?". *Entomological Review*. **87** (2): 148–155. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2007EntRv..87..148M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007EntRv..87..148M). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1134/S0013873807020030](https://doi.org/10.1134%2FS0013873807020030). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1555-6689](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1555-6689). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [44269225](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:44269225).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["South Siberian forest steppe | Ecoregions | WWF"](https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/pa0817). *World Wildlife Fund*. Retrieved 2019-08-13.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["On the Southern Border of the Forest and Forest-Steppe Cultures in the Urals in the Ist Millennium BC"](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316022718). *ResearchGate*. Retrieved 2019-08-13.

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