# Fibroma

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> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Fibroma.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroma
> Source revision: 1354391610
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{{Short description|Benign tumors composed of fibrous or connective tissue}}
{{hatnote|'Fibroma' can also refer to [uterine fibroids](/source/uterine_fibroids).}}
{{Medref|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox medical condition
| name            = Fibroma
| image           = Weiches-fibrom-augenlid.jpg
| caption         = Soft fibroma (fibroma molle)
| pronounce       = 
| field           = 
| synonyms        = Fibroid tumors, fibroids
| symptoms        = 
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| diagnosis       = 
| differential    = [Fibrosarcoma](/source/Fibrosarcoma)
| prevention      = 
| treatment       = [Cryotherapeutic](/source/Cryotherapy) removal, snip removal
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'''Fibromas''' are [benign tumor](/source/benign_tumor)s that are composed of fibrous or [connective tissue](/source/connective_tissue).<ref name="Van Peenen 1966 p. 201">{{cite book |last=Van Peenen |first=H.J. |title=Essentials of Pathology |publisher=Year Book Medical Publishers |year=1966 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M2FrAAAAMAAJ |access-date=30 May 2021 |page=201 |quote=The fibroma is a benign tumor, frequently found in fascia and subcutaneous tissue. As is true of most benign tumors, it is composed of cells of fairly normal appearance — in this case, fibroblasts.}}</ref> They can grow in all organs, arising from [mesenchyme](/source/mesenchyme)  tissue. The term "[fibroblast](/source/fibroblast)ic" or "fibromatous" is used to describe tumors of the [fibrous connective tissue](/source/fibrous_connective_tissue). When the term ''fibroma'' is used without modifier, it is usually considered [benign](/source/benign), with the term [fibrosarcoma](/source/fibrosarcoma) reserved for [malignant](/source/malignant) tumors.

== Types ==
=== Hard fibroma ===
The hard fibroma (fibroma durum) consists of many fibres and few cells, e.g. in skin it is called [dermatofibroma](/source/dermatofibroma) (fibroma simplex or nodulus cutaneous).<ref name="Mosbys Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions p. 806">{{cite book |title=Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions – eBook |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-323-41419-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BIstDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA806 |access-date=30 May 2021 |page=806}}</ref>  A special form is the [keloid](/source/keloid), which derives from hyperplastic growth of [scars](/source/scars).

=== Soft fibroma ===
The soft fibroma (fibroma molle) or fibroma with a shaft ([acrochordon](/source/acrochordon), skin tag, fibroma pendulans) consist of many loosely connected cells and less fibroid tissue.<ref name="Mosbys Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions p. 1655">{{cite book |title=Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions – eBook |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-323-41419-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BIstDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1655 |access-date=30 May 2021 |page=1655}}</ref> It mostly appears at the neck, armpits or groin. The photo shows a soft fibroma of the eyelid.

=== Other types of fibroma ===
The fibroma cavernosum or [angiofibroma](/source/angiofibroma), consists of many often dilated vessels, it is a vasoactive tumor occurring almost exclusively in adolescent males.

The cystic fibroma (fibroma cysticum) has central softening or dilated [lymphatic vessels](/source/lymphatic_vessels).

The myxofibroma (fibroma myxomatodes) is produced by liquefaction of the underlying [soft tissue](/source/soft_tissue).

The cemento-ossifying fibroma is hard and fibrous, most frequently seen in the [jaw](/source/jaw) or [mouth](/source/mouth), sometimes in connection with a [fracture](/source/fracture) or another type of [injury](/source/injury).

Other fibromas: [chondromyxoid fibroma](/source/chondromyxoid_fibroma), [desmoplasmic fibroma](/source/desmoplasmic_fibroma), [nonossifying fibroma](/source/nonossifying_fibroma), [ossifying fibroma](/source/ossifying_fibroma), [nuchal fibroma](/source/nuchal_fibroma), [collagenous fibroma](/source/collagenous_fibroma), [fibroma of tendon sheath](/source/fibroma_of_tendon_sheath), perifollicular fibroma, pleomorphic fibroma, [uterine fibroma](/source/uterine_fibroma), [Gardner fibroma](/source/Gardner_fibroma), etc.

The [neurofibroma](/source/neurofibroma) is a benign nerve-sheath tumor in the peripheral nervous system.

=== Ovarian fibroma ===
{{Main|Ovarian fibroma}}
It appears in the [sex cord-stromal tumour](/source/sex_cord-stromal_tumour) group of [ovarian neoplasms](/source/Ovarian_cancer). Ovary fibromas are most frequent during [middle age](/source/middle_age), and rare in [children](/source/children).
Upon gross [pathological](/source/pathology) inspection, ovary fibromas are firm and white or tan.
Variants with [edema](/source/edema) are especially likely to be associated with [Meigs' syndrome](/source/Meigs'_syndrome).
On [microscopic](/source/Microscope) examination, there are intersecting bundles of spindle cells producing [collagen](/source/collagen).

There may be [thecoma](/source/thecoma)tous areas ([fibrothecoma](/source/fibrothecoma)).  The presence of an ovarian fibroma can cause [ovarian torsion](/source/ovarian_torsion) in some cases.

== Treatment ==
Benign fibromas may, but need not, be removed. Removal is usually a brief outpatient procedure or using [cryotherapy](/source/cryotherapy) in which the lesion is deep frozen (-196 degrees Celsius using liquid nitrogen) and thawed for two or more cycles, with full recovery within 3 to 4 weeks. The cryotherapy treatment needs no anesthetics and is painless. Another simple treatment is snip removal after injecting local anesthetic.

== See also ==
* [Acrochordon](/source/Acrochordon) (skin tags)
* [Fibrous lesions](/source/Fibrous_Lesions)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Medical resources
| DiseasesDB      = 
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| ICDO            = {{ICDO|8810|0}} |
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| MeshID          = D005350 ||
| SNOMED CT       = 424568000
}}

{{Commons category|Fibromas}}
{{Soft tissue tumors and sarcomas}}
{{Genital neoplasia}}

<!-- retain ancestor category (for non-cancerous case) -->
<!-- retain ancestor category (for non-ovarian cancerous case) -->
Category:Gynaecological cancer
Category:Integumentary neoplasia

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Fibroma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroma) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroma?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.