# Farmakonisi > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Farmakonisi > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Farmakonisi.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farmakonisi > Source revision: 1323899756 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Greek island in the Aegean Sea}} {{Infobox Greek Dimos |name = Farmakonisi |name_local = Φαρμακον��σι |image_map = |image_skyline = |caption_skyline = |coordinates = {{Coord|37|17|24|N|27|05|06|E|display=inline,title}} |elevation_min = |elevation_max = |area = 3.866 |periph = [South Aegean](/source/South_Aegean) |periphunit = [Kalymnos](/source/Kalymnos_(regional_unit)) |municipality = [Leros](/source/Leros) |population = 21 |population_as_of = 2021 |postal_code = 854 00 |area_code = 22470 |licence = |website = }} '''Farmakonisi''' ({{langx|el|Φαρμακονήσι}}) is a small Greek [island](/source/island) and [community](/source/Municipalities_and_communities_of_Greece) of the [Dodecanese](/source/Dodecanese), in the [Aegean Sea](/source/Aegean_Sea), [Greece](/source/Greece). It lies in the middle between the chain of the Dodecanese islands in the west, and the coast of [Asia Minor](/source/Asia_Minor) ([Turkey](/source/Turkey)) in the east. To the north of it are the island of [Agathonisi](/source/Agathonisi), to the west the islands of [Leipsoi](/source/Leipsoi), [Patmos](/source/Patmos) and [Leros](/source/Leros), and to the south the islands of [Kalymnos](/source/Kalymnos) and [Pserimos](/source/Pserimos). It forms part of the municipality of Leros, and had at the 2021 census a population of 21 inhabitants. Prominent historical monuments on the island include the church of Agios Georgios ({{langx|el|Άγιος Γεώργιος}}) and the nearby ruins of an ancient [Roman](/source/Ancient_Rome) temple. The area of Farmakonisi is {{cvt|1.48|sqmi|km2}}. ==Name== In [Antiquity](/source/Ancient_history), the island was known as ''Pharmakousa'' ({{langx|el|Φαρμακοῦσσα}},{{Cite web |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg048.perseus-grc1:1 |title=Plutarch, Life of Caesar, §1 |access-date=2021-02-20 |archive-date=2022-07-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706113941/https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg048.perseus-grc1:1 |url-status=live }} {{langx|la|Pharmacussa}}{{Cite web |url=http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/suetonius/suet.caesar.html#4 |title=Suetonius, Lives of the 12 Caesars, §JCa.4 |access-date=2020-11-13 |archive-date=2015-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150306191452/http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/suetonius/suet.caesar.html#4 |url-status=live }}) and took its name from pharmaceutical herbs that were growing on it. Alternative names for it are ''Pharmakos'', whence it is known as ''Farmaco'' in Italian. It is known as ''Bulamaç'' in Turkish.{{Cite web |url=http://gnswww.nga.mil/geonames/Gazetteer/Search/Results.jsp?Feature__Unique_Feature_ID=-817260&Diacritics=Yes&reload=1 |title=Error |access-date=2007-04-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071217080254/http://gnswww.nga.mil/geonames/Gazetteer/Search/Results.jsp?Feature__Unique_Feature_ID=-817260&Diacritics=Yes&reload=1 |archive-date=2007-12-17 |url-status=dead}} ==History== [[File:Front Arkoi Leipsoi Leros Back Agathonisi Farmakonisi Turkey coastline.jpg|thumb|left|Front, left to right: [Arkoi](/source/Arkoi), [Leipsoi](/source/Leipsoi), [Leros](/source/Leros). Back, left to right: [Agathonisi](/source/Agathonisi), Farmakonisi and the [Turkish](/source/Turkey) coastline.]] In ancient times, [Hippocrates](/source/Hippocrates) used to visit Farmakonisi to gather pharmaceutical herbs. [Plutarch](/source/Plutarch) in his ''[Parallel Lives](/source/Parallel_Lives)'' tells that the young [Julius Caesar](/source/Julius_Caesar), while traveling to [Asia Minor](/source/Asia_Minor), was kidnapped by pirates and held prisoner there 38 days. During his imprisonment he promised them that, if he were freed, he would have all of them killed. After having paid a ransom twice as high as his kidnappers claimed (since he said that the required amount was too low for someone like himself), and having been freed, he organized a fleet and maintained his promise, crucifying all of them. thumb|right|Farmakonisi, in South Aegean In modern times, the islet -dependent from [Leros](/source/Leros)- was occupied in 1912 by the [Kingdom of Italy](/source/Kingdom_of_Italy) during the [Italo-Turkish War](/source/Italo-Turkish_War) and, after being part of the [Italian Islands of the Aegean](/source/Italian_Islands_of_the_Aegean),Bertarelli (1929) p. 157 was ceded from Italy to Greece in 1947. ==Administration== Since 2011, as part of the [Kallikratis Plan](/source/Kallikratis_Plan), the island has been part of the municipality of [Leros](/source/Leros). ==Flora== Farmakonisi was notable since the ancient times for its very rich flora with several species of herbs growing on the island's surface. The flora is dominated by cedar, while cereals were grown in the small plateau of the island in past times. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Sources== *{{cite book |last=Bertarelli |first=L.V. |title=Guida d'Italia, Vol. XVII |publisher=Consociazione Turistica Italiana |location=Milano |year=1929 |language=Italian}} ==External links== *[http://www.leros.gr/ Official website of Municipality of Leros] {{in lang|en|el|it}} {{Dodecanese Islands}} {{Aegean Sea}} {{Authority control}} Category:Leros Category:Islands of Greece Category:Dodecanese Category:Landforms of Kalymnos (regional unit) Category:Islands of the South Aegean --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Farmakonisi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farmakonisi) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farmakonisi?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.