# Esslingeriana

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{{Short description|Single-species genus of lichen}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2021}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Esslingeriana idahoensis - Flickr - pellaea.jpg
| image_caption = ''E. idahoensis'' in [Castle Crags](/source/Castle_Crags), [California](/source/California)
| status = G5
| status_system = TNC
| status_ref = <ref name=NS>{{cite NatureServe |id=2.123993 |title=''Esslingeriana idahoensis'' |access-date=12 September 2025}}</ref>
| parent_authority = [Hale](/source/Mason_Hale) & M.J.Lai (1980)
| taxon = Esslingeriana idahoensis
| authority = (Essl.) Hale & M.J.Lai (1980)
}}

'''''Esslingeriana''''' is a fungal [genus](/source/genus) in the family [Parmeliaceae](/source/Parmeliaceae). The genus is [monotypic](/source/monotypic), containing the single [foliose lichen](/source/foliose_lichen) species '''''Esslingeriana idahoensis''''', [commonly](/source/common_name) known as the '''tinted rag lichen'''.<ref name="Brodo et al. 2001"/> It is found in northwestern North America.

==Systematics==

''Esslingeriana idahoensis'' was originally [described](/source/species_description) by Theodore Esslinger in 1971 as a member of genus ''[Cetraria](/source/Cetraria)''. He collected the [type specimen](/source/type_(biology)) from [Mount Spokane State Park](/source/Mount_Spokane_State_Park) ([Spokane County, Washington](/source/Spokane_County%2C_Washington)). Widely distributed in northwestern North America, ''E.&nbsp;idahoensis'' is named for its abundance in the [douglas fir](/source/douglas_fir) forests of the northern [Idaho](/source/Idaho).<ref name="Esslinger 1971"/>

Genus ''Esslingeriana'' was [circumscribed](/source/circumscription_(taxonomy)) in 1980 by lichenologists [Mason Hale](/source/Mason_Hale) and Ming-Jou Lai.<ref name="Lai 1980"/> [Molecular phylogenetic](/source/Molecular_phylogenetic) studies have shown that ''Esslingeriana'' is in the cetrarioid [clade](/source/clade) of the Parmeliaceae. Cetrarioid lichens are those that are erect, [foliose](/source/foliose_lichen) (leafy), and with [apothecia](/source/apothecia) and [pycnidia](/source/pycnidia) ([sexual](/source/sexual_reproduction) and [asexual](/source/asexual_reproduction) reproductive structures, respectively) that are largely restricted to the margins of the lobes. ''Esslingeriana'', along with the genera ''[Dactylina](/source/Dactylina)'' and ''[Melanelia](/source/Melanelia)'', are the earliest-[diverging](/source/evolutionary_divergence) members of the cetrarioid clade.<ref name="Thell et al. 2012"/>

==Description==
''Esslingeriana idahoensis'' is a pale gray (sometimes with a yellowish tint), [foliose](/source/foliose_lichen) (leafy) lichen that is loosely attached to its [substrate](/source/substrate_(biology)). The [thallus](/source/thallus) comprises individual elongated lobes measuring {{convert|1.5|–|5|mm|in|abbr=on|2}} wide. The thallus surface lacks [isidia](/source/isidia), [soredia](/source/soredia), and [pseudocyphella](/source/pseudocyphella)e. The lower thallus surface is black and wrinkled, with sparse and scattered, unbranched [rhizine](/source/rhizine)s that function as [holdfasts](/source/holdfast_(biology)) to attach the thallus to the substrate. [Ascomata](/source/Ascomata) are in the form of large brown [apothecia](/source/apothecia), typically located at the tips of the lobes.<ref name="Brodo et al. 2001"/>

The expected results of standard [chemical spot tests](/source/spot_test_(lichen)) in the [cortex](/source/cortex_(botany)) are PD+ (pale yellow), K+ (yellow), KC−, and C−; in the [medulla](/source/medulla_(lichenology)) they are PD−, K+ (purplish pink), KC−, and C−. ''Esslingeriana idahoensis'' contains the secondary chemicals [atranorin](/source/atranorin) and [endocrocin](/source/endocrocin).<ref name="Brodo et al. 2001"/>

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="Brodo et al. 2001">{{cite book |first1=Irwin M. |last1=Brodo |first2=Sylvia Duran |last2=Sharnoff |first3=Stephen |last3=Sharnoff |title=Lichens of North America |year=2001 |publisher=Yale University Press |page=310 |isbn=978-0-300-08249-4}}</ref>

<ref name="Esslinger 1971">{{cite journal |last1=Esslinger |first1=Theodore L. |year=1971 |title=''Cetraria idahoensis'', a new species of lichen endemic to western North America |journal=The Bryologist |volume=74 |issue=3 |pages=364–369 |doi=10.2307/3241644 |jstor=3241644}}</ref>

<ref name="Lai 1980">{{cite journal |last1=Lai |first1=Ming Jou |year=1980 |title=Studies on the cetrarioid lichens in Parmeliaceae of east Asia (1) |journal=Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum |volume=33 |issue=3–4 |pages=215–229}}</ref>

<ref name="Thell et al. 2012">{{cite journal |last=Thell |first=Arne |last2=Crespo |first2=Ana |last3=Divakar |first3=Pradeep K. |last4=Kärnefelt |first4=Ingvar |last5=Leavitt |first5=Steven D. |last6=Lumbsch |first6=H. Thorsten |last7=Seaward |first7=Mark R. D. |title=A review of the lichen family Parmeliaceae – history, phylogeny and current taxonomy |journal=Nordic Journal of Botany |volume=30 |issue=6 |year=2012 |doi=10.1111/j.1756-1051.2012.00008.x |pages=641–664}}</ref>

}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q5399934}}

Category:Parmeliaceae
Category:Monotypic Lecanorales genera
Category:Lichen genera
Category:Taxa named by Mason Hale
Category:Taxa described in 1980
Category:Fungi without expected TNC conservation status

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Esslingeriana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esslingeriana) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esslingeriana?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.