# Escucha Formation
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> Source revision: 1312094992
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{{Short description|Geological formation in Spain}}
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Escucha Formation
| image = Escucha (Terol).JPG
| caption = View of Escucha and surrounding rocks
| type = [Geological formation](/source/Geological_formation)
| age = [Late Aptian](/source/Aptian)-[mid Albian](/source/Albian)
~{{fossil range|117|103}}
| period = Albian
| prilithology = [Siltstone](/source/Siltstone), [mudstone](/source/mudstone) (E1, E3) [sandstone](/source/sandstone) (E2)
| otherlithology = [Coal](/source/Coal) (E1) [siltstone](/source/siltstone) (E2), [amber](/source/amber)
| namedfor = [Escucha, Teruel](/source/Escucha%2C_Teruel)
| namedby =
| region = [Teruel](/source/Teruel_Province), [Aragón](/source/Arag%C3%B3n)
[La Rioja](/source/La_Rioja_(Spain))
| country = [Spain](/source/Spain)
| coordinates = {{coord|42.6|N|2.7|W|display=inline,title}}
| paleocoordinates = {{coord|30.4|N|1.4|E|display=inline}}
| unitof =
| subunits = E1 to E3
| underlies = [Utrillas Formation](/source/Utrillas_Formation)
| overlies = [Castrillo de la Reina](/source/Castrillo_de_la_Reina_Formation), [Benassal](/source/Benassal_Formation) and [Oliete Formation](/source/Oliete_Formation)s
| thickness = ~{{convert|70|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| extent = [Cameros](/source/Cameros_Basin), [Maestrazgo](/source/Maestrazgo_Basin) and [Oliete Basins](/source/Maestrazgo_Basin)
| area =
| map = {{Location map+ | Spain
| relief = 1
| width = 250
| float = center
| places =
{{Location map~ | Spain
| lat_deg = 42.6
| lon_deg = -2.7
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 10
}}
{{Location map~ | Spain
| lat_deg = 41.0
| lon_deg = -0.6
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 10
}}
}}
| map_caption =
}}
The '''Escucha Formation''' is a geological [formation](/source/Formation_(geology)) in [La Rioja](/source/La_Rioja_Province%2C_Spain) and [Teruel](/source/Teruel_Province) provinces of northeastern [Spain](/source/Spain) whose strata date back to the late [Aptian](/source/Aptian) to middle [Albian](/source/Albian) stages of the [Early Cretaceous](/source/Early_Cretaceous). Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[Weishampel, et al., 2004]
The approximately {{convert|70|m|ft|abbr=on}} thick formation underlies the [Utrillas Formation](/source/Utrillas_Formation) and overlies [Castrillo de la Reina](/source/Castrillo_de_la_Reina_Formation), [Benassal](/source/Benassal_Formation) & [Oliete Formation](/source/Oliete_Formation)s. The Escucha Formation comprises [siltstone](/source/siltstone)s, [mudstone](/source/mudstone)s, [sandstone](/source/sandstone)s, [coal](/source/coal), [siltstone](/source/siltstone)s and [amber](/source/amber), in which several fossil insects were found. The formation was deposited in a variety of continental to paralic ([deltaic](/source/river_delta)) [environments](/source/depositional_environment).[Peyrot et al., 2007]
== Depositional Environment ==
The Escucha Formation represents [syn-rift](/source/syn-rift) depositional environment, deposited in siliciclastic [carbonate platforms](/source/Carbonate_platform), coastal siliciclastic environments and other offshore settings. In the basal part of the formation, cobble to boulder-sized [dropstones](/source/Dropstone) of glacial origin have been identified, representing long-distance iceberg rafting from Arctic sources.[{{Cite journal |last=Rodríguez-López |first=Juan Pedro |last2=Liesa |first2=Carlos L. |last3=Pardo |first3=Gonzalo |last4=Meléndez |first4=Nieves |last5=Soria |first5=Ana R. |last6=Skilling |first6=Ian |date=2016-06-15 |title=Glacial dropstones in the western Tethys during the late Aptian–early Albian cold snap: Palaeoclimate and palaeogeographic implications for the mid-Cretaceous |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003101821630058X |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=452 |pages=11–27 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.04.004 |issn=0031-0182|url-access=subscription }}]
== Fossil content ==
The Escucha Formation has provided the following fossils, among others:[[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Escucha&group_formation_member=Escucha Escucha Formation] at [Fossilworks](/source/Fossilworks).org]
=== Dinosaurs ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="5" align="center" | '''[Dinosaur](/source/Dinosaur)s'''
|-
! Taxa
! Location
! Notes
! Images
|-
| ''[Europelta carbonensis](/source/Europelta)''
| Ariño
| align=center | [Kirkland et al., 2013]
| center|150px
|-
| ''[Proa valdearinnoensis](/source/Proa_valdearinnoensis)''
| Ariño
| align=center | [McDonald et al., 2012]
| center|150px
|-
|}
;Other dinosaurs
* [Allosauroidea indet.](/source/Allosauroidea)
* [Iguanodontia indet.](/source/Iguanodontia)
* [Titanosauriformes indet.](/source/Titanosauriformes)
;Reptiles
* ''[Aragochersis lignitesta](/source/Aragochersis)''[Pérez García et al., 2020]
* ''[Toremys cassiopeia](/source/Toremys)''
* ''[Trachydermochelys sp.](/source/Trachydermochelys)''
* [Testudines indet.](/source/Testudines)
* ''[Anteophthalmosuchus escuchae](/source/Anteophthalmosuchus)''
* [Goniopholididae indet.](/source/Goniopholididae)
* ''[Hulkepholis plotos](/source/Hulkepholis)''
;Fish
* [Chondrichthyes indet.](/source/Chondrichthyes)
* [Osteichthyes indet.](/source/Osteichthyes)
;Crustaceans
* ''[Cretagourretia salasi](/source/Cretagourretia)''[{{cite journal|last1=Ossó |first1=À. |last2=Charbonnier |first2=S. |last3=Hyžný |first3=M. |last4=van Bakel |first4=B. W. M. |last5=Devillez |first5=J. |last6=Bover-Arnal |first6=T. |last7=Moreno-Bedmar |first7=J. A. |title=Decapod assemblages from the Aptian-Albian transition of the eastern Maestrat Basin (Iberian Chain) |year=2024 |journal=Geologica Acta |volume=22 |pages=1–35 |doi=10.1344/GeologicaActa2024.22.7 |doi-access=free }}]
* ''[Joeranina tausi](/source/Joeranina)''[Pérez de la Fuente et al., 2012]
| center|150px
|-
| ''[Amarantoraphidia](/source/Amarantoraphidia)''
| Peñacerrada I amber
| [Ortega Blanco et al., 2010, p.272]
|
|-
| ''[Radiophron ibericus](/source/Radiophron)''
| Peñacerrada I amber
| [Ortega Blanco et al., 2010, p.267]
|
|-
| ''[Styporaphidia? hispanica](/source/Styporaphidia%3F_hispanica)''
| Peñacerrada I amber
| [{{cite journal|last1=Sánchez-García |first1=A. |last2=Palencia |first2=L. |last3=Delclòs |first3=X. |last4=Peñalver |first4=E. |title=False scorpions (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones) from Lower Cretaceous Spanish amber |year=2024 |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |volume=10 |issue=6 |at=e1608 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1608 |doi-access=free |hdl=10550/111887 |hdl-access=free }}]
* ''[Ithioreolpium alavensis](/source/Ithioreolpium)''