# Erysipeloid

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Medical condition

Erysipeloid Cellular and colonial morphology of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Specialty Infectious diseases Diagnostic method gram staining or blood Agar culture

In humans, *[Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae](/source/Erysipelothrix_rhusiopathiae)* infections most commonly present in a mild [cutaneous](/source/Cutaneous) form known as **erysipeloid**[1] or **fish poisoning**.[2] *E. rhusiopathiae* can cause an indolent [cellulitis](/source/Cellulitis), more commonly in individuals who handle fish and raw meat.[3] *Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae* also causes Swine Erysipelas. It is common in domestic pigs and can be transmitted to humans who work with swine. It gains entry typically by abrasions in the hand. [Bacteremia](/source/Bacteremia) and [endocarditis](/source/Endocarditis) are uncommon but serious sequelae.[4][5] Due to the rarity of reported human cases, *E. rhusiopathiae* infections are frequently misidentified at presentation.[1]

## Diagnosis

Violaceous swelling with severe pain but without pus (Which differentiates from pus forming streptococcal and staphylococcal erysipelas)[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

## Erysipeloid of Rosenbach

**Erysipeloid of Rosenbach** is a cutaneous condition most frequently characterized by a purplish marginated swelling on the hands.[6]: 264 The eponym Rosenbach's disease is in reference to the milder type of the condition and is named after [Friedrich Julius Rosenbach](/source/Friedrich_Julius_Rosenbach).[7] Early work on the condition in US fishermen was carried out by Klaunders and colleagues.[8]

## Treatment

The treatment of choice is a single dose of [benzathine benzylpenicillin](/source/Penicillin#Benzathine) given by [intramuscular injection](/source/Intramuscular_injection), or a five-day to one-week course of either [oral penicillin](/source/Penicillin#Phenoxymethylpenicillin/penicillin_V) or intramuscular [procaine benzylpenicillin](/source/Procaine_benzylpenicillin).[9] [Erythromycin](/source/Erythromycin) or [doxycycline](/source/Doxycycline) may be given instead to people who are allergic to penicillin. *E. rhusiopathiae* is intrinsically [resistant](/source/Antibiotic_resistance) to [vancomycin](/source/Vancomycin).[9]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Brooke_1999_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Brooke_1999_1-1) Brooke C, Riley T (1999). ["Erysipelothrix rhusiopat: bacteriology, epidemiology and clinical manifestations of an occupational pathogen"](https://doi.org/10.1099%2F00222615-48-9-789). *J Med Microbiol*. **48** (9): 789–99. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1099/00222615-48-9-789](https://doi.org/10.1099%2F00222615-48-9-789). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [10482289](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10482289).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["THE SHIP CAPTAIN'S MEDICAL GUIDE"](http://www.dft.gov.uk/mca/mcga-shs_capt_guide_chap8.pdf) (PDF). p. 190.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Lehane_2000_3-0)** Lehane L, Rawlin G (2000). "Topically acquired bacterial zoonoses from fish: a review". *Med J Aust*. **173** (5): 256–9. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.5694/j.1326-5377.2000.tb125632.x](https://doi.org/10.5694%2Fj.1326-5377.2000.tb125632.x). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11130351](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130351). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [25479478](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:25479478).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Brouqui_2001_4-0)** Brouqui P, Raoult D (2001). ["Endocarditis due to rare and fastidious bacteria"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC88969). *Clin Microbiol Rev*. **14** (1): 177–207. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1128/CMR.14.1.177-207.2001](https://doi.org/10.1128%2FCMR.14.1.177-207.2001). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [88969](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC88969). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11148009](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11148009).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Nassar_2005_5-0)** Nassar I, de la Llana R, Garrido P, Martinez-Sanz R (2005). "Mitro-aortic infective endocarditis produced by *Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae*: case report and review of the literature". *J Heart Valve Dis*. **14** (3): 320–4. [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [15974525](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15974525).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Andrews_6-0)** James, William D., Berger, Timothy G., et al. (2006). *Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology*. Saunders Elsevier. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7216-2921-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7216-2921-0).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** *[Rosenbach's disease](http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/1267.html)* at [Whonamedit?](/source/Whonamedit%3F)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Klauder JV, Righter LL, Harkins MJ (1926). "A distinctive and severe form of erysipeloid among fish handlers". *Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology*. **14** (6): 662–678. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1001/archderm.1926.02370240029003](https://doi.org/10.1001%2Farchderm.1926.02370240029003).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-POC-IT_9-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-POC-IT_9-1) Vinetz J (October 4, 2007). ["*Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae*"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080607033900/http://prod.hopkins-abxguide.org/pathogens/bacteria/aerobic_gram_positive_bacillus/erysipelothrix_rhusiopathiae.html). *Point-of-Care Information Technology ABX Guide*. [Johns Hopkins University](/source/Johns_Hopkins_University). Archived from [the original](http://prod.hopkins-abxguide.org/pathogens/bacteria/aerobic_gram_positive_bacillus/erysipelothrix_rhusiopathiae.html) on June 7, 2008. Retrieved March 10, 2009. Retrieved on October 28, 2008. Freely available with registration.

## External links

Classification D ICD-11: 1B96 ICD-10: A26 ICD-9-CM: 027.1 MeSH: D004887 DiseasesDB: 4432 External resources MedlinePlus: 000632 eMedicine: derm/602

v t e Bacillota (low-G+C) Infectious diseases Bacterial diseases: G+ Bacilli Lactobacillales (Cat-) Streptococcus α optochin susceptible S. pneumoniae Pneumococcal infection optochin resistant Viridans streptococci: S. mitis S. mutans S. oralis S. sanguinis S. sobrinus S. anginosus group β A bacitracin susceptible: S. pyogenes Group A streptococcal infection Streptococcal pharyngitis Scarlet fever Erysipelas Rheumatic fever B bacitracin resistant, CAMP test+: S. agalactiae Group B streptococcal infection ungrouped Streptococcus iniae Cutaneous Streptococcus iniae infection γ D BEA+: Streptococcus bovis Enterococcus BEA+: Enterococcus faecalis Urinary tract infection Enterococcus faecium Bacillales (Cat+) Staphylococcus Cg+ S. aureus Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome Toxic shock syndrome MRSA Cg- novobiocin susceptible S. epidermidis novobiocin resistant S. saprophyticus Bacillus Bacillus anthracis Anthrax Bacillus cereus Food poisoning Listeria Listeria monocytogenes Listeriosis Clostridia Clostridium (spore-forming) motile: Clostridium botulinum Botulism Clostridium tetani Tetanus nonmotile: Clostridium perfringens Gas gangrene Clostridial necrotizing enteritis Clostridioides (spore-forming) Clostridioides difficile [Clostridium difficile] Pseudomembranous colitis Finegoldia (non-spore forming) Finegoldia magna Mollicutes Mycoplasmataceae Ureaplasma urealyticum Ureaplasma infection Mycoplasma genitalium Mycoplasma pneumoniae Mycoplasma pneumonia Anaeroplasmatales Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Erysipeloid

v t e Bacterial skin disease Gram +ve Bacillota Staphylococcus Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome Impetigo Toxic shock syndrome Streptococcus Impetigo Cutaneous group B streptococcal infection Streptococcal intertrigo Cutaneous Streptococcus iniae infection Erysipelas / Chronic recurrent erysipelas Scarlet fever Corynebacterium Erythrasma Clostridium Gas gangrene Dermatitis gangrenosa Others Listeriosis Erysipeloid of Rosenbach Mycoplasma Actinomycetota Mycobacterium- related Aquarium granuloma Borderline lepromatous leprosy Borderline leprosy Borderline tuberculoid leprosy Buruli ulcer Erythema induratum Histoid leprosy Lepromatous leprosy Leprosy Lichen scrofulosorum Lupus vulgaris Miliary tuberculosis Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare complex infection Mycobacterium haemophilum infection Mycobacterium kansasii infection Papulonecrotic tuberculid Primary inoculation tuberculosis Rapid growing mycobacterium infection Scrofuloderma Tuberculosis cutis orificialis Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis Tuberculous cellulitis Tuberculous gumma Tuberculoid leprosy Others Cutaneous actinomycosis Nocardiosis Cutaneous diphtheria infection Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection Group JK corynebacterium sepsis Gram -ve Pseudomonadota Alpha Endemic typhus Epidemic typhus Scrub typhus North Asian tick typhus Queensland tick typhus Flying squirrel typhus Trench fever Bacillary angiomatosis African tick bite fever American tick bite fever Rickettsia aeschlimannii infection Rickettsialpox Rocky Mountain spotted fever Human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis Flea-borne spotted fever Japanese spotted fever Mediterranean spotted fever Flinders Island spotted fever Verruga peruana Brill–Zinsser disease Brucellosis Cat-scratch disease Oroya fever Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection Beta Gonococcemia/Gonorrhea/Primary gonococcal dermatitis Melioidosis Cutaneous Pasteurella hemolytica infection Meningococcemia Glanders Chromobacteriosis infection Gamma Pasteurellosis Tularemia Vibrio vulnificus Rhinoscleroma Haemophilus influenzae cellulitis Pseudomonal pyoderma / Pseudomonas hot-foot syndrome / Hot tub folliculitis / Ecthyma gangrenosum / Green nail syndrome Q fever Salmonellosis Shigellosis Plague Granuloma inguinale Chancroid Aeromonas infection Campylobacterota Helicobacter cellulitis Other Syphilid Syphilis Chancre Yaws Pinta Bejel Chlamydia infection Leptospirosis Rat-bite fever Lyme disease Lymphogranuloma venereum Gram-negative folliculitis Gram-negative toe web infection Unspecified pathogen Abscess Periapical abscess Boil/furuncle Hospital furunculosis Carbuncle Cellulitis Paronychia / Pyogenic paronychia Perianal cellulitis Acute lymphadenitis Pilonidal cyst Pyoderma Folliculitis Superficial pustular folliculitis Sycosis vulgaris Pimple Ecthyma Pitted keratolysis Trichomycosis axillaris Necrotizing fasciitis Gangrene Chronic undermining burrowing ulcer Fournier gangrene Elephantiasis nostras Blistering distal dactylitis Botryomycosis Malakoplakia Pyomyositis Blastomycosis-like pyoderma Bullous impetigo Chronic lymphangitis Recurrent toxin-mediated perineal erythema Tick-borne lymphadenopathy Tropical ulcer

v t e Bacterial skin disease Gram +ve Bacillota Staphylococcus Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome Impetigo Toxic shock syndrome Streptococcus Impetigo Cutaneous group B streptococcal infection Streptococcal intertrigo Cutaneous Streptococcus iniae infection Erysipelas / Chronic recurrent erysipelas Scarlet fever Corynebacterium Erythrasma Clostridium Gas gangrene Dermatitis gangrenosa Others Listeriosis Erysipeloid of Rosenbach Mycoplasma Actinomycetota Mycobacterium- related Aquarium granuloma Borderline lepromatous leprosy Borderline leprosy Borderline tuberculoid leprosy Buruli ulcer Erythema induratum Histoid leprosy Lepromatous leprosy Leprosy Lichen scrofulosorum Lupus vulgaris Miliary tuberculosis Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare complex infection Mycobacterium haemophilum infection Mycobacterium kansasii infection Papulonecrotic tuberculid Primary inoculation tuberculosis Rapid growing mycobacterium infection Scrofuloderma Tuberculosis cutis orificialis Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis Tuberculous cellulitis Tuberculous gumma Tuberculoid leprosy Others Cutaneous actinomycosis Nocardiosis Cutaneous diphtheria infection Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection Group JK corynebacterium sepsis Gram -ve Pseudomonadota Alpha Endemic typhus Epidemic typhus Scrub typhus North Asian tick typhus Queensland tick typhus Flying squirrel typhus Trench fever Bacillary angiomatosis African tick bite fever American tick bite fever Rickettsia aeschlimannii infection Rickettsialpox Rocky Mountain spotted fever Human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis Flea-borne spotted fever Japanese spotted fever Mediterranean spotted fever Flinders Island spotted fever Verruga peruana Brill–Zinsser disease Brucellosis Cat-scratch disease Oroya fever Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection Beta Gonococcemia/Gonorrhea/Primary gonococcal dermatitis Melioidosis Cutaneous Pasteurella hemolytica infection Meningococcemia Glanders Chromobacteriosis infection Gamma Pasteurellosis Tularemia Vibrio vulnificus Rhinoscleroma Haemophilus influenzae cellulitis Pseudomonal pyoderma / Pseudomonas hot-foot syndrome / Hot tub folliculitis / Ecthyma gangrenosum / Green nail syndrome Q fever Salmonellosis Shigellosis Plague Granuloma inguinale Chancroid Aeromonas infection Campylobacterota Helicobacter cellulitis Other Syphilid Syphilis Chancre Yaws Pinta Bejel Chlamydia infection Leptospirosis Rat-bite fever Lyme disease Lymphogranuloma venereum Gram-negative folliculitis Gram-negative toe web infection Unspecified pathogen Abscess Periapical abscess Boil/furuncle Hospital furunculosis Carbuncle Cellulitis Paronychia / Pyogenic paronychia Perianal cellulitis Acute lymphadenitis Pilonidal cyst Pyoderma Folliculitis Superficial pustular folliculitis Sycosis vulgaris Pimple Ecthyma Pitted keratolysis Trichomycosis axillaris Necrotizing fasciitis Gangrene Chronic undermining burrowing ulcer Fournier gangrene Elephantiasis nostras Blistering distal dactylitis Botryomycosis Malakoplakia Pyomyositis Blastomycosis-like pyoderma Bullous impetigo Chronic lymphangitis Recurrent toxin-mediated perineal erythema Tick-borne lymphadenopathy Tropical ulcer

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Erysipeloid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erysipeloid) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erysipeloid?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.