# Epsilon Draconis

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Binary star in the constellation Draco

Epsilon Draconis Location of ε Draconis (circled) Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox ICRS Constellation Draco A Right ascension 19h 48m 10.35046s[1] Declination +70° 16′ 04.5491″[1] Apparent magnitude (V) 3.91[2] B Right ascension 19h 48m 10.54875s[3] Declination +70° 16′ 07.5676″[3] Apparent magnitude (V) 6.80[4] Characteristics A Evolutionary stage red clump[5] Spectral type G7IIIbFe-1[6] U−B color index +0.48[7] B−V color index +0.88 [7] B Spectral type F6V[8] B−V color index 0.57[4] Astrometry A Radial velocity (Rv) +2.89±0.11[1] km/s Proper motion (μ) RA: +79.486 mas/yr[1] Dec.: +40.041 mas/yr[1] Parallax (π) 21.3219±0.1256 mas[1] Distance 153.0 ± 0.9 ly (46.9 ± 0.3 pc) B Proper motion (μ) RA: +86.898 mas/yr[3] Dec.: +37.126 mas/yr[3] Parallax (π) 21.3808±0.0403 mas[3] Distance 152.5 ± 0.3 ly (46.77 ± 0.09 pc) Details A Mass 1.20±0.08,[9] 1.76+0.29 −0.23[10] M☉ Radius 10.41±0.29[9] R☉ Luminosity 63.1[10] L☉ Surface gravity (log g) 2.61[10] cgs Temperature 4,966±41[11] K Metallicity [ M / H ] {\displaystyle {\begin{smallmatrix}\left[{\ce {M}}/{\ce {H}}\right]\end{smallmatrix}}} = -0.31[9] Metallicity [Fe/H] −0.30[2] dex Rotational velocity (v sin i) 2.25±0.56[12] km/s Age 2.6+1.8 −1.6[10] Gyr B Radius 1.16[13] R☉ Luminosity 2.814[13] L☉ Temperature 6,936[13] K Other designations Tyl, ε Dra, 63 Dra, AG+70°689, BD+69°1070, GC 27471, HD 188119, HIP 97433, HR 7582, SAO 9540, CCDM J19482+7016AB, PLX 4689, IRAS 19483+7008, 2MASS J19481035+7016045[2] Database references SIMBAD data

**Epsilon Draconis**, [Latinized](/source/Romanization_of_Greek) from ε Draconis, is a [binary star](/source/Binary_star)[8] in the [constellation](/source/Constellation) [Draco](/source/Draco_(constellation)), with a combined [apparent magnitude](/source/Apparent_magnitude) of 3.84,[14] it is the [eleventh-brightest star](/source/List_of_stars_in_Draco) in this rather faint constellation. This star along with [Delta Draconis](/source/Delta_Draconis) (Altais), [Pi Draconis](/source/Pi_Draconis) and [Rho Draconis](/source/Rho_Draconis) forms an [asterism](/source/Asterism_(astronomy)) known as Al Tāis, meaning "the Goat".[15] The distance to this system has been calculated to be about 150 [light-years](/source/Light-year), based on [stellar parallax](/source/Stellar_parallax) measurements.[1]

In [Chinese astronomy](/source/Chinese_astronomy), 天廚 (*Tiān Chú*), meaning the [Celestial Kitchen](/source/Purple_Forbidden_enclosure), refers to an asterism consisting of Epsilon Draconis, [Delta Draconis](/source/Delta_Draconis), [Sigma Draconis](/source/Sigma_Draconis), Rho Draconis, [64 Draconis](/source/64_Draconis) and Pi Draconis.[16] Consequently, the [Chinese name](/source/Chinese_star_names) for Epsilon Draconis itself is 天廚三 (*Tiān Chú sān*, English: the Third Star of the Celestial Kitchen.)[17] Most authors do not use a traditional name for this star, using instead the [Bayer designation](/source/Bayer_designation);[5] but [Bečvář](/source/Anton%C3%ADn_Be%C4%8Dv%C3%A1%C5%99) (1951) listed it as **Tyl** [/ˈtɪl/](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English).[18][19]

## Visibility

With a declination in excess of 70 degrees north, Epsilon Draconis is principally visible in the northern hemisphere, with southern locations north of 20° South able to see it just above the horizon. The star is [circumpolar](/source/Circumpolar_star) throughout all of [Europe](/source/Europe), [China](/source/China), most of [India](/source/India) and as far south as the tip of the [Baja peninsula](/source/Baja_peninsula) in [North America](/source/North_America) as well as other locations around the globe having a latitude greater than about 20° North. Since Epsilon Draconis has an apparent magnitude of almost 4.0, the star is easily observable to the naked eye as long as one's stargazing is not hampered by the [light pollution](/source/Light_pollution) common to most cities.

The best time for observation is in the evening sky during the summer months, when the "Dragon constellation" passes the meridian at midnight, but given its circumpolar nature in the northern hemisphere, it is visible to most of the world's inhabitants throughout the year.

## Properties

Epsilon Draconis is a [binary star](/source/Binary_star), whose components can be split in a telescope. They are separated by 3.2 [arcseconds](/source/Arcsec) as of 2012, translating to a [projected separation](/source/Projected_separation) of 145 [astronomical units](/source/Astronomical_unit).[5]

The primary of the system has a [spectral type](/source/Stellar_classification) of G7IIIbFe-1, which classify it as a is a [yellow giant](/source/Giant_star) star, a star which ran out of [hydrogen](/source/Hydrogen) at its [core](/source/Stellar_core) and expanded in size.[6] It is visible with [apparent magnitude](/source/Apparent_magnitude) of 3.91.[2] [Asteroseismology](/source/Asteroseismology) of this star retrieve a mass of 1.20 [solar masses](/source/Solar_mass) and a radius over ten times [solar](/source/Solar_radius).[9] Other estimates suggest masses between 1.5 and 2 solar masses.[10] This star's abundance of elements heavier than [helium](/source/Helium) relative to [hydrogen](/source/Hydrogen), what astronomers term [metallicity](/source/Metallicity), is just half of the Sun's.[9][a] The [effective temperature](/source/Effective_temperature) of the star is 4,966 [K](/source/Kelvin),[11] roughly 800 degrees cooler than the Sun. It seems to have already enabled helium fusion at its [core](/source/Stellar_core), being a [red clump](/source/Red_clump) star.[5]

The secondary is a [F-type main-sequence star](/source/F-type_main-sequence_star) of class F6V,[8] fusing hydrogen into helium at its core. It has an [apparent magnitude](/source/Apparent_magnitude) 6.8[4] and is 14 times fainter than the primary. This star is about 20% times larger, three times brighter and about 1,100 degrees hotter than the Sun.[13]

## See also

- [Variable star](/source/Variable_star)

- [Double star](/source/Double_star)

## Notes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-metal_20-0)** The abundance is estimated by taking [M/H] to the power of ten: 10[M/H] = 10−0.31 = 0.49

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR3a_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR3a_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR3a_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR3a_1-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR3a_1-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR3a_1-5) Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). ["*Gaia* Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties"](https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202243940). *Astronomy and Astrophysics*. **674**: A1. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[2208.00211](https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.00211). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2023A&A...674A...1G](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023A&A...674A...1G). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1051/0004-6361/202243940](https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202243940). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [244398875](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244398875). [Gaia DR3 record for this source](https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-4?-source=+I%2F355&-from=nav&-nav=cat%3AI%2F355%26tab%3A%7BI%2F355%2Fgaiadr3%7D%26key%3Asource%3D1355%2Fgaiadr3%26HTTPPRM%3A%26-out.add%3D.%26Source%3D%3D%3D2251191616254289152%26-go+%25%23Sesame%23%25%26) at [VizieR](/source/VizieR).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-SIMBADa_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-SIMBADa_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-SIMBADa_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-SIMBADa_2-3) ["eps Dra"](http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=eps+Dra). *[SIMBAD](/source/SIMBAD)*. [Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg](/source/Centre_de_donn%C3%A9es_astronomiques_de_Strasbourg). Retrieved January 26, 2025.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR3b_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR3b_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR3b_3-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR3b_3-3) Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). ["*Gaia* Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties"](https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202243940). *Astronomy and Astrophysics*. **674**: A1. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[2208.00211](https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.00211). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2023A&A...674A...1G](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023A&A...674A...1G). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1051/0004-6361/202243940](https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202243940). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [244398875](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244398875). [Gaia DR3 record for this source](https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-4?-source=+I%2F355&-from=nav&-nav=cat%3AI%2F355%26tab%3A%7BI%2F355%2Fgaiadr3%7D%26key%3Asource%3D1355%2Fgaiadr3%26HTTPPRM%3A%26-out.add%3D.%26Source%3D%3D%3D2251191611957165440%26-go+%25%23Sesame%23%25%26) at [VizieR](/source/VizieR).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-SIMBADb_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-SIMBADb_4-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-SIMBADb_4-2) ["eps Dra B"](http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=eps+Dra+B). *[SIMBAD](/source/SIMBAD)*. [Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg](/source/Centre_de_donn%C3%A9es_astronomiques_de_Strasbourg). Retrieved January 26, 2025.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-kaler_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-kaler_5-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-kaler_5-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-kaler_5-3) Kaler, Jim. ["Epsilon Draconis"](http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/epsdra.html). Retrieved 2016-11-24.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Keenan_McNeil_1989_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Keenan_McNeil_1989_6-1) Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (1989). "The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars". *Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series*. **71**: 245. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1989ApJS...71..245K](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1989ApJS...71..245K). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1086/191373](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F191373). [Epsilon Draconis' database entry](https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=III/150&Name=HD%20188119) at [VizieR](/source/VizieR).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-MERMILLIOD_7-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-MERMILLIOD_7-1) Mermilliod, J.-C. (1986). "Compilation of Eggen's UBV data, transformed to UBV (unpublished)". *Catalogue of Eggen's UBV Data. SIMBAD*. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1986EgUBV........0M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986EgUBV........0M).

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1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-HD-TESS_9-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-HD-TESS_9-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-HD-TESS_9-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-HD-TESS_9-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-HD-TESS_9-4) Hon, Marc; Kuszlewicz, James S.; Huber, Daniel; Stello, Dennis; Reyes, Claudia (2022-10-01). ["HD-TESS: An Asteroseismic Catalog of Bright Red Giants within TESS Continuous Viewing Zones"](https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Fac8931). *[The Astronomical Journal](/source/The_Astronomical_Journal)*. **164** (4): 135. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[2208.06478](https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.06478). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2022AJ....164..135H](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022AJ....164..135H). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.3847/1538-3881/ac8931](https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Fac8931). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0004-6256](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-6256). [Epsilon Draconis' database entry](https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=J/AJ/164/135&TIC=279979429) at [VizieR](/source/VizieR).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Luck2015_10-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Luck2015_10-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Luck2015_10-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Luck2015_10-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Luck2015_10-4) Luck, R. Earle (2015-09-01). "Abundances in the Local Region. I. G and K Giants". *[The Astronomical Journal](/source/The_Astronomical_Journal)*. **150** (3): 88. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[1507.01466](https://arxiv.org/abs/1507.01466). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2015AJ....150...88L](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AJ....150...88L). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/88](https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-6256%2F150%2F3%2F88). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0004-6256](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-6256). [Epsilon Draconis' database entry](https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=J/AJ/150/88&Name=*%20eps%20Dra) at [VizieR](/source/VizieR).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Tautvaisiene2020_11-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Tautvaisiene2020_11-1) Tautvaišienė, G.; Mikolaitis, Š.; Drazdauskas, A.; Stonkutė, E.; Minkevičiūtė, R.; Kjeldsen, H.; Brogaard, K.; von Essen, C.; Grundahl, F.; Pakštienė, E.; Bagdonas, V.; Viscasillas Vázquez, C. (2020-05-01). ["Chemical Composition of Bright Stars in the Continuous Viewing Zone of the TESS Space Mission"](https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-4365%2Fab8b67). *[The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series](/source/The_Astrophysical_Journal_Supplement_Series)*. **248** (1): 19. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[2005.07526](https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.07526). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2020ApJS..248...19T](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020ApJS..248...19T). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.3847/1538-4365/ab8b67](https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-4365%2Fab8b67). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0067-0049](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0067-0049). [Epsilon Draconis' database entry](https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=J/ApJS/248/19&TIC=279979429) at [VizieR](/source/VizieR).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Strassmeier2023_12-0)** Strassmeier, K. G.; Weber, M.; Gruner, D.; Ilyin, I.; Steffen, M.; Baratella, M.; Järvinen, S.; Granzer, T.; Barnes, S. A.; Carroll, T. A.; Mallonn, M.; Sablowski, D.; Gabor, P.; Brown, D.; Corbally, C. (2023-03-01). "VPNEP: Detailed characterization of TESS targets around the Northern Ecliptic Pole - I. Survey design, pilot analysis, and initial data release". *[Astronomy & Astrophysics](/source/Astronomy_%26_Astrophysics)*. **671**: A7. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[2302.01794](https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.01794). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2023A&A...671A...7S](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023A&A...671A...7S). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1051/0004-6361/202245255](https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202245255). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0004-6361](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-6361). [Epsilon Draconis' database entry](https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=J/AJ/164/135&TIC=279979429) at [VizieR](/source/VizieR).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR2b_13-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR2b_13-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR2b_13-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-GaiaDR2b_13-3) [Brown, A. G. A.](/source/Anthony_Brown_(scientist)); et al. ([Gaia collaboration](/source/Data_Processing_and_Analysis_Consortium)) (August 2018). ["*Gaia* Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties"](https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201833051). *[Astronomy & Astrophysics](/source/Astronomy_%26_Astrophysics)*. **616**. A1. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[1804.09365](https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.09365). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2018A&A...616A...1G](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018A&A...616A...1G). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1051/0004-6361/201833051](https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201833051). [Gaia DR2 record for this source](https://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-S?Gaia%20DR2%202251191611957165440) at [VizieR](/source/VizieR).

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## External links

- Astrophotographs:[Epsilon Draconis](http://www.asociacionhubble.org/portal/index.php/foro/viewtopic.php?f=63&t=16459&start=50)

- SkyView Image: [Epsilon Draconis](https://skyview.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/nnskcall.pl?VCOORD=297.0431337500000382,+70.2679302777777792&SURVEY=Digitized+Sky+Survey&SCOORD=&EQUINX=2000&LUT=colortables/stern-special.bin)

v t e Constellation of Draco List of stars in Draco Draco in Chinese astronomy Stars Bayer α (Thuban) β (Rastaban) γ (Eltanin) δ (Altais) ε (Tyl) ζ (Aldhibah) η (Athebyne) θ ι (Edasich) κ λ (Giausar) μ (Alrakis) ν (Kuma) ξ (Grumium) ο π ρ σ (Alsafi) τ υ φ χ ψ1 (Dziban) ψ2 ω Flamsteed 4 6 7 (Tianyi) 8 (Taiyi) 10 (i) 15 (A) 18 (g) 19 (h) 26 36 39 (b) 42 (Fafnir) 45 (d) 50 59 64 (e) 68 Variable TW YY AG BY CL CM CX DO EK HP V581 HR 3751 4126 4934 5811 6237 6518 6618 (Alruba) 6817 7137 7783 HD 109246 (Funi) 101364 128717 147379 156279 158259 176693 191939 Other 2MASS 1237+6526 2MASS J17554042+6551277 G 240-72 GD 356 Gliese 420 Gliese 625 Gliese 687 GRW +70 8247 Kepler-4 Kepler-10 Kepler-12 Kepler-90 Kepler-296 KOI-256 LP 71-82 Qatar-1 SDSS J1240+6710 Struve 2398 TOI-1136 WD 1856+534 WISE 1647+5632 WISE 1841+7000 Exoplanets HD 139357 b HD 167042 b ι Dra b (Hypatia) Kepler-4b Kepler-10b c Kepler-12b Kepler-90e f g h i Kepler-296b c d e f TOI-1452 b TrES-2b Star clusters LAMOST 1 Nebulae Cat's Eye Nebula NGC 6742 Galaxies NGC 3147 3197 3735 4121 4125 4221 4236 4319 4331 4332 4363 4441 4513 4545 4589 5678 5777 5866 5866B 5879 5905 5907 5949 5963 5965 5982 5985 6090 6248 6285 6286 6338 6340 6365 6373 6394 6412 6503 6505 6566 6621 6622 6670 6676 6786 6789 Other 1ES 1927+654 1ES 1959+650 3C 249.1 3C 305 3C 319 3C 343 3C 343.1 3C 351 3C 356 3C 371 3C 380 3C 390.3 3C 401 4C +72.26 4C 73.08 8C 1241+735 Abell 2218 BCG Bean galaxy Beaver galaxy BZQ J1727+5510 Draco Dwarf Draco II GB 1508+5714 Goldfish galaxy H1821+643 HFLS3 IERS B1946+708 IRAS F17179+5444 IRAS 18580+6527 J120011.1+680924.8 KKR 25 Markarian 817 Markarian 876 Original TRG PGC 39058 Porphyrion QSO B1823+568 RGZ J172749.5+534647 S5 1803+784 S5 2007+777 SDSS J1715+6008 Tadpole Galaxy UGC 9391 UGC 9405 UGC 11241 UGC 11411 WISEA J145223.62+611707.5 WN B1851+5707 Galaxy clusters Abell 2218 CL1358+62 Draco Supercluster NGC 5866 Group Astronomical events SN 2003jb SN 2005B SN 2016aps Swift J1644+57 Category

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Epsilon Draconis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epsilon_Draconis) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epsilon_Draconis?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.