# Enki Bilal

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French comic book creator and film director (born 1951)

Enki Bilal Enki Bilal in October 2017 Born Enes Bilal (1951-10-07) 7 October 1951 (age 74) Belgrade, PR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia Nationality French, Serbian Area(s) Artist, writer, director Notable works Nikopol Trilogy, Légendes d'Aujourd'hui, Partie de chasse Awards Full list

**Enki Bilal** (born **Enes Bilal**; born 7 October 1951) is a French [comic book creator](/source/Comic_book_creator) and film director.

## Biography

### Early life

Bilal was born in [Belgrade](/source/Belgrade), [PR Serbia](/source/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia), [SFR Yugoslavia](/source/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia),[1] to a [Czech](/source/Czechs_in_Serbia) mother, Ana, who came to Belgrade as child from [Karlovy Vary](/source/Karlovy_Vary), and a [Bosnian](/source/Bosnians) Muslim father, Muhamed Hamo Bilal, from [Ljubuški](/source/Ljubu%C5%A1ki), who had been [Josip Broz Tito](/source/Josip_Broz_Tito)'s tailor. When he was five years old, his father managed to take a trip and stay in [Paris](/source/Paris) as a political émigré. Enki and the rest of the family, his mother Ana and sister Enisa, stayed in Yugoslavia, and four years later they followed.[2][3] Enki Bilal has no sense of belonging to any ethnic group and religion, nor is he obsessed with soil and roots. He said in one interview: "I also feel Bosnian by my father's origin, a Serb by my place of birth and a Croat by my relationship with a certain one to my childhood friends, not to mention my other Czech half, who I am inherited from mother".[4]

### Education and career

At age 14, he met [René Goscinny](/source/Ren%C3%A9_Goscinny) and with his encouragement applied his talent to comics. He produced work for Goscinny's [Franco-Belgian comics](/source/Franco-Belgian_comics) magazine *[Pilote](/source/Pilote)* in the 1970s, publishing his first story, *Le Bol Maudit*, in 1972.

In 1975, Bilal began working with script writer [Pierre Christin](/source/Pierre_Christin) on a series of dark and surreal tales, resulting in the body of work titled *Légendes d'Aujourd'hui*.

In 1983, Bilal was asked by film director [Alain Resnais](/source/Alain_Resnais) to collaborate on his film *[La vie est un roman](/source/La_vie_est_un_roman)*, for which Bilal provided painted images that were incorporated in the "medieval" episodes of the film.

He is best known for the *Nikopol* trilogy (*[La Foire aux immortels](/source/La_Foire_aux_immortels)*, *[La Femme piège](/source/La_Femme_pi%C3%A8ge)* and *[Froid Équateur](/source/Froid_%C3%89quateur)*), which took more than a decade to complete. Bilal wrote the script and did the artwork. The final chapter, *Froid Équateur*, was chosen book of the year by the magazine *[Lire](/source/Lire_(magazine))* and is acknowledged by the inventor of [chess boxing](/source/Chess_boxing), [Iepe Rubingh](/source/Iepe_Rubingh), as the inspiration for the sport.

*[Quatre?](/source/Quatre%3F)* (2007), the last book in the *Hatzfeld* [tetralogy](/source/Tetralogy), deals with the breakup of [Yugoslavia](/source/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia) from a future viewpoint. The first installment came in 1998 in the shape of *[Le Sommeil du Monstre](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Le_Sommeil_du_Monstre&action=edit&redlink=1)* opening with the main character, Nike, remembering the war in a series of traumatic flashbacks. The third chapter of the tetralogy is *Rendez-vous à Paris* (2006), which was the fifth best selling new comic of 2006, with 280,000 copies sold.[5]

His cinematic career was revived with the expensive *[Immortel](/source/Immortel_(Ad_Vitam))*, his first attempt to adapt his books to the screen. The film divided critics, some panning the use of CGI characters but others seeing it as a faithful reinterpretation of the books.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

On 13 May 2008 a video game based on the *Nikopol* trilogy was announced titled *Nikopol: Secrets of the Immortals*. Published in North America by Got Game Entertainment in August 2008, the game is a "point and click" adventure for the PC; however, the Lead Designer was Marc Rutschlé[6] and not Bilal himself, who was the art designer, along with [Yoshitaka Amano](/source/Yoshitaka_Amano), for the video game *[Beyond Good and Evil 2](/source/Beyond_Good_and_Evil_2)*.

In 2012, Bilal was featured in a solo exhibition at [The Louvre](/source/The_Louvre). The exhibition, titled "The Ghosts of the Louvre", ran from 20 December 2012 to 18 March 2013. The exhibition was organized by Fabrice Douar, and featured a series of paintings of "Ghosts", done atop photographs that Bilal took of the Louvre's collection.[7]

## Awards

- 1980: Prix RTL – *for best adult comic*[8]

- 1987: [Angoulême Festival](/source/Angoul%C3%AAme_International_Comics_Festival), France, [Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême](/source/Grand_Prix_de_la_ville_d'Angoul%C3%AAme#1980s)[9][10]

- 1993: Best book of the year Award from *[Lire](/source/Lire_(magazine))* magazine[8]

- 1997: [Brussels International Festival of Fantasy Film](/source/Brussels_International_Festival_of_Fantasy_Film), Special Mention[11]

- 1999: [Adamson Award](/source/Adamson_Awards), [Sweden](/source/Sweden), for Best International Comic Book Cartoonist

- 1999: Angoulême Festival, Nominated for [Best comic book](/source/Angoul%C3%AAme_International_Comics_Festival_Prize_for_Best_Comic_Book#1990s)

- 2004: Angoulême Festival, Nominated for [Audience award](/source/Angoul%C3%AAme_International_Comics_Festival_Prize_Awarded_by_the_Audience)

- 2004: Fantasia Ubisoft Festival, Gold medal for Best Groundbreaking Film, Bronze Medal for Best International Film (public prizes)[12]

- 2006: [International Horror Guild Award](/source/International_Horror_Guild_Award), Best Illustrated Narrative, for *Memories*[13]

## Bibliography

### *Légendes d'Aujourd'hui*

- (written by [Pierre Christin](/source/Pierre_Christin))

- *La Croisière des oubliés* (1975, [Dargaud](/source/Dargaud); *The Cruise of Lost Souls*, also translated as *The Voyage Of Those Forgotten*)

- *Le Vaisseau de pierre* (1976, [Dargaud](/source/Dargaud); *Ship of Stone*, also translated as *Progress!*)

- *La ville qui n'existait pas* (1977, [Dargaud](/source/Dargaud); *The Town That Didn't Exist*, also translated as *The City That Didn't Exist*)

### *Fins de Siècle*

- (written by [Pierre Christin](/source/Pierre_Christin))

- *[Les Phalanges de l'ordre noir](/source/The_Black_Order_Brigade)* (1979, [Dargaud](/source/Dargaud); *The Black Order Brigade*)

- *[Partie de chasse](/source/The_Hunting_Party_(comics))* (1983, [Dargaud](/source/Dargaud); *The Hunting Party*)

### *Nikopol*

- *[La Foire aux immortels](/source/La_Foire_aux_immortels)* (1980, [Dargaud](/source/Dargaud); *The Carnival of Immortals*)

- *[La Femme piège](/source/La_Femme_pi%C3%A8ge)* (1986, [Dargaud](/source/Dargaud); *The Woman Trap*)

- *[Froid Équateur](/source/Froid_%C3%89quateur)* (1992, [Les Humanoïdes Associés](/source/Les_Humano%C3%AFdes_Associ%C3%A9s); *Cold Equator*)

### *Monstre*

- *[Le Sommeil du monstre](/source/Le_Sommeil_du_monstre)* (1998, [Les Humanoïdes Associés](/source/Les_Humano%C3%AFdes_Associ%C3%A9s); *The Dormant Beast*)

- *32 Décembre* (2003, [Les Humanoïdes Associés](/source/Les_Humano%C3%AFdes_Associ%C3%A9s); *December 32*)

- *[Rendez-vous à Paris](/source/Rendez-vous_%C3%A0_Paris)* (2006, [Casterman](/source/Casterman); *Rendezvous in Paris*)

- *[Quatre?](/source/Quatre%3F)* (2007, [Casterman](/source/Casterman); *Four?*)

### *Coup de Sang*

- *Animal'Z* (2009, [Casterman](/source/Casterman))

- *Julia & Roem* (2011, [Casterman](/source/Casterman))

- *La Couleur de l'Air* (2014, [Casterman](/source/Casterman))

### *Bug*

- “Tome 1” (2017, [Casterman](/source/Casterman))

- “Tome 2” (2019, [Casterman](/source/Casterman))

- “Tome 3” (2022, [Casterman](/source/Casterman))

- “Tome 4” (2025, [Casterman](/source/Casterman))

### Other

- *Mémoires d'outre-espace, Histoires courtes 1974–1977* (*Memories From Outer Space*, 1978)

- *[Exterminateur 17](/source/Exterminator_17)* (*Exterminator 17*, 1979; written by Jean-Pierre Dionnet)

- *Los Angeles – L'Étoile oubliée de Laurie Bloom* (*Los Angeles – The Forgotten Star of Laurie Bloom*, 1984)

- *Hors Jeu* (*Off Play*, 1987; with Patrick Cauvin)

- *Coeurs sanglants et autres faits divers* (*Bleeding Hearts and Other Stories*, 1988; written by Pierre Christin)

- *Bleu Sang* (*Blue Blood*, 1994)

- *Mémoires d'autre temps, Histoires courtes 1971–1981* (*Memories From Other Times*, 1996)

- *EnkiBilalAnDeuxMilleUn* (*EnkiBilalInTwoThousandOne*, 1996)

- *Tykho Moon – livre d'un film* (*Tykho Moon – Book of a Film*, 1996)

- *Un Siècle d'Amour* (*A century of Love*, 1999)

- *Le Sarcophage* (*The Sarcophagus*, 2000)

- *Magma* (2000)

- *Les Fantômes du Louvre* (2012)

### English translations

#### Comics in *Heavy Metal*Magazine

From its start through the 1980s, Bilal was a frequent contributor to the American *[Heavy Metal](/source/Heavy_Metal_(magazine))* magazine. Many notable Bilal comics made their English debut in this period of the magazine. Although shorter stories appeared later in the '90s, *Heavy Metal* readers had to wait until 2012 for another graphic novel feature from Bilal.

**Graphic novels**

English title Date (start) Issue (start) Date (end) Issue (end) Writer Number of pages Exterminator 17 1978/10 Vol. 2 No. 6 1979/03 Vol. 2 No. 11 Jean-Pierre Dionnet 60 Progress! 1980/07 Vol. 4 No. 4 1980/11 Vol. 4 No. 8 Pierre Christin 54 The Nikopol Trilogy: The Immortals' Fete 1981/05 Vol. 5 No. 2 1981/12 Vol. 5 No. 9 Enki Bilal 62 The Voyage of Those Forgotten 1982/04 Vol. 6 No. 1 1982/11 Vol. 6 No. 8 Pierre Christin 52 The City That Didn't Exist 1983/03 Vol. 6 No. 12 1983/09 Vol. 7 No. 6 Pierre Christin 54 The Hunting Party 1984/06 Vol. 8 No. 3 1985/03 Vol. 8 No. 12 Pierre Christin 82 The Nikopol Trilogy: The Trapped Woman 1986/Fall Vol. 10 No. 3 same as start Enki Bilal 54 Animal'z 2012/03 March 2012 2014/04 270 Enki Bilal 87

**Short stories**

English title Date Issue Note Number of pages "Crossroads of the Universe" 1977/07 Vol. 1 No. 4 reprinted in Greatest Hits 1994 7 "The Death of Orlaon, or: Legendary Immortality" 1978/07 Vol. 2 No. 3 reprinted in The Best of 1982 4 "Ultimate Negotiations" 1979/01 Vol. 2 No. 9 4 "True Tales of Outer Space: The Planet of no Return" 1979/02 Vol. 2 No. 10 7 "Going Native" 1979/04 Vol. 2 No. 12 7 "The Road to Ruin" 1980/02 Vol. 3 No. 10 written by Pierre De La Varech 2 "Of Needle and Thread" 1980/04 Vol. 4 No. 1 reprinted in hardcover version of Greatest Hits 1994 4 "Only the Plitch" 1980/05 Vol. 4 No. 2 reprinted in The Best of No. 2 1986 10 "Amusing Stories Section: A Day in the Log of the City of Alger" 1982/08 Vol. 6 No. 5 written by Jean-Pierre Dionnet 4 "Enki Bilal Enters the World of Hardcore Science Fiction" 1983/10 Vol. 7 No. 7 Art gallery 7 "The Gray Man" 1984/09 Vol. 9 No. 6 reprinted in Greatest Hits 1994 1 "Over the Wall" 1984 Son of Heavy Metal 4 "The Leader's Surprise" 1997/07 Vol. 21 No. 3 4 "Mondovision" 1997/11 Vol. 21 No. 5 4 "Close the Shutters and Open Your Eyes" 1997 Horror Special – Vol. 11 No 1 10 "On the Wing" 1997/Fall 20 Years of Heavy Metal – Vol. 11 No. 2 7 "New York, 2000 AD." 1998/01 Vol. 21 No. 6 4 "The Slow Boat to Vega" 1998/03 Vol. 22 No. 1 4

#### Comic Book Albums

Since the late seventies, it were publishers [NBM](/source/NBM_Publishing),[14] [Catalan Communications](/source/Catalan_Communications), [Humanoids Publishing](/source/Les_Humano%C3%AFdes_Associ%C3%A9s), and [Titan Comics](/source/Titan_Comics) that have released several albums by Bilal.

#### NBM

- *The Call of the Stars* (March 1979. Flying Buttress Publications [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-918348-02-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-918348-02-1), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-918348-02-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-918348-02-9))

A collection of short stories.

- *The Phantoms of the Louvre* (June 2014. [NBM Publishing](/source/NBM_Publishing). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-56163-841-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56163-841-2), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1561638413](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1561638413))

#### Catalan Communications (NY publishing house)

*Paperback books*

- *[Exterminator 17](/source/Exterminator_17)* (June 1986. 60 pages [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-87416-024-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87416-024-3), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-87416-024-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87416-024-6))

- *Gods in Chaos: A Graphic Novel* (February 1988. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-87416-049-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87416-049-9), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-87416-049-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87416-049-9)) – First installment of the [Nikopol Trilogy](/source/Nikopol_Trilogy)

- *The Woman Trap* (May 1988. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-87416-050-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87416-050-2), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-87416-050-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87416-050-5)) – Second installment of the [Nikopol Trilogy](/source/Nikopol_Trilogy)

- *The Town That Didn't Exist* (February 1989. 56 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-87416-051-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87416-051-0), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-87416-051-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87416-051-2)) - First installment of *Légendes d'Aujourd'hui*

- *[The Ranks of the Black Order](/source/The_Black_Order_Brigade)* (June 1989. 80 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-87416-052-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87416-052-9), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0874160529](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0874160529)) - Second installment of *Légendes d'Aujourd'hui*

- *[The Hunting Party](/source/The_Hunting_Party_(comics))* (March 1990. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-87416-053-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87416-053-7)) - Third installment of *Légendes d'Aujourd'hui*

- *Outer States* (July 1990. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-87416-085-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87416-085-5), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-87416-085-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87416-085-7))

#### Humanoids Publishing

*Hardcover, large format books*

- *[The Nikopol Trilogy](/source/The_Nikopol_Trilogy)* (February 2000. 176 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-9672401-2-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9672401-2-3))

- *[The Black Order Brigade](/source/The_Black_Order_Brigade)* (May 2000. 88 pages, hardcover. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-9672401-8-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9672401-8-2), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-9672401-8-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9672401-8-3))

- *Ship of stone* (2001. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-930652-39-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-930652-39-9), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-930652-39-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-930652-39-2))

- *The Cruise of Lost Souls* (2001. 56 pages [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-930652-38-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-930652-38-0), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-930652-38-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-930652-38-5))

- *[The Hunting Party](/source/The_Hunting_Party_(comics))* (March 2002. 100 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-9672401-7-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9672401-7-4))

- *Memories From Outer Space* (April 2002. 52 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-930652-26-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-930652-26-7))

- *[Exterminator 17](/source/Exterminator_17)* (June 2002. 66 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-930652-50-X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-930652-50-X))

- *The Dormant Beast* (5 October 2002. 72 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-930652-83-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-930652-83-6), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-930652-83-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-930652-83-5))

- *The Town That Didn't Exist* (March 2003. 56 pages, Hardcover. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-930652-37-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-930652-37-2), [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-930652-37-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-930652-37-8))

*The Bilal Library:* *(small format – 190 × 260 cm – paperbacks)*

- *Townscapes* (1 July 2004. 176 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-4012-0361-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-0361-2))

- *The Beast Trilogy: Chapters 1& 2* (29 September 2004. 128 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-4012-0398-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-0398-1))

- *[The Nikopol Trilogy](/source/The_Nikopol_Trilogy)* (10 November 2004. 176 pages [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-4012-0384-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-0384-1))

- *The Chaos Effect* (19 January 2005. 168 pages) Containing [The Black Order Brigade](/source/The_Black_Order_Brigade) and [The Hunting Party](/source/The_Hunting_Party_(comics))

- *Memories* (20 April 2005. 144 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-4012-0380-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4012-0380-9)) Contains *Memories of Outer Space* and *Memories of Outer Times*

*Trade Paperback:*

- *The Dormant Beast* (March 2000. 72 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-9672401-5-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9672401-5-8))

#### Titan Comics

*Hardcover, large format books*

- *[The Nikopol Trilogy](/source/The_Nikopol_Trilogy)* (April 2016. 184 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9781782763536](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781782763536))

- *Century's End* (November 2016. 184 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9781785868740](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781785868740))

- *[Exterminator 17](/source/Exterminator_17)* (November 2018. 240 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9781785867330](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781785867330))

- *Monster* (September 2019. 264 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9781785868733](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781785868733))

- *Legends of Today* (February 2021. 176 pages. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9781785868740](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781785868740))

## Filmography

Year Title Director Writer 1989 Bunker Palace Hôtel Yes Yes 1996 Tykho Moon Yes Yes 2004 Immortel, ad vitam Yes Yes

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [Život bez formata](http://www.popboks.com/tekst.php?ID=6130) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20080209013803/http://www.popboks.com/tekst.php?ID=6130) 2008-02-09 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine); [sr:Popboks](https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popboks), December 26, 2007

1. **[^](#cite_ref-lambiek-bilal_2-0)** Lambiek Comiclopedia. ["Enki Bilal"](http://lambiek.net/artists/b/bilal.htm).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Sadiković-2013-Bilal_3-0)** Dr. Halid Sadiković (12 September 2013). ["Enki Bilal"](http://ljubusaci.com/2013/09/12/enki-bilal/). *Ljubušaci.com* (in Bosnian). Retrieved 4 July 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Enki Bilal (September 12, 2013). ["Enki Bilal"](http://www.ljubusaci.com/2013/09/12/enki-bilal/).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-TCR_5-0)** Beatty, Bart (January 3, 2007). ["ACBD Status Report for 2006"](http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/briefings/eurocomics/8313/). The Comics Reporter.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Nikopol: Secrets of the Immortals credits (Windows, 2008)"](https://www.mobygames.com/game/36518/nikopol-secrets-of-the-immortals/credits/windows/). *MobyGames*. Retrieved 2024-04-05.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Louvre Exhibitions (December 20, 2012). ["The Ghosts of the Louvre, Enki Bilal"](https://web.archive.org/web/20201021083311/https://www.louvre.fr/en/expositions/ghosts-louvre-enki-bilal). Archived from [the original](http://www.louvre.fr/en/expositions/ghosts-louvre-enki-bilal) on October 21, 2020. Retrieved June 28, 2014.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-eb-bio_8-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-eb-bio_8-1) [Enki Bilal biography](http://bilal.enki.free.fr/biographie.php3) bilal.enki.free.fr

1. **[^](#cite_ref-toutenBD-awards87_9-0)** ToutEnBD. ["Le Palmarès 1987"](https://web.archive.org/web/20071212193327/http://www.toutenbd.com/article.php3?id_article=839) (in French). Archived from [the original](http://www.toutenbd.com/article.php3?id_article=839) on December 12, 2007.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Dutrey, Jacques (July 1987). "Enki Bilal Wins Top Prize at Angoulême". *[The Comics Journal](/source/The_Comics_Journal)* (116). [Fantagraphics Books](/source/Fantagraphics_Books): 130.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** La Médiathèque. ["1997"](http://www.lamediatheque.be/dec/cinema/film_fantastique/1997.php).{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** [Press release](http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/pressrelease.php?id=479) Fantasia Ubisoft 2004 Festival

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** ["IHG Award Recipients (2005)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20090422073428/http://horroraward.org/prevrec.html#2005). Archived from [the original](http://www.horroraward.org/prevrec.html#2005) on April 22, 2009. Retrieved November 25, 2007.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** [Hervé St.Louis: Interview with Terry Nantier – Publisher of NBM Publishing on Comic Book Bin]

## Sources

- [Bilal publications in *Pilote*](http://bdoubliees.com/journalpilote/auteurs1/bilal.htm), *Metal Hurlant*, *(A SUIVRE)* BDoubliées (in French)

- [Enki Bilal](http://www.bedetheque.com/auteur-14-BD-Bilal-Enki.html) at Bedetheque (in French)

- [Enki Bilal](https://www.comics.org/search.lasso/?sort=chrono&query=Enki+Bilal&type=credit) at the [Grand Comics Database](/source/Grand_Comics_Database)

- [Enki Bilal](https://web.archive.org/web/2018010101/http://comicbookdb.com/creator.php?ID=11234) at the Comic Book DB (archived from [the original](http://comicbookdb.com/creator.php?ID=11234))

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Enki Bilal](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Enki_Bilal).

- [Enki Bilal](http://www.casterman.com/Bande-dessinee/Auteurs/bilal-enki)—[Casterman](/source/Casterman)'s page

- [Enki Bilal](https://www.lambiek.net/artists/b/bilal.htm) presented at [Lambiek](/source/Lambiek)'s [Comiclopedia](/source/Comiclopedia)

- [Bilal fansite](http://bilal.enki.free.fr/) (in French)

- [Enki Bilal](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0082094/) at [IMDb](/source/IMDb_(identifier))

- [Enki Bilal](https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?4269) at the [Internet Speculative Fiction Database](/source/Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database)

v t e Contributors to Heavy Metal Editors Brad Balfour Kevin Eastman Dave Elliott Joseph Illidge Sean Kelly Valerie Marchant Leonard Mogel Grant Morrison Tim Seeley Julie Simmons-Lynch Lou Stathis Ted White Debra Yanover Writers Brad Balfour Steve Brown Jean-Pierre Dionnet Harlan Ellison Archie Goodwin Alejandro Jodorowsky Jay Kinney Elaine Lee Richard A. Lupoff Doug Moench John Shirley Robert Silverberg Lou Stathis Bhob Stewart Jan Strnad Stefano Tamburini Ted White Artists Enki Bilal Stephen R. Bissette Caza Richard Corben Howard Cruse Nicolas de Crécy Philippe Druillet Alex Ebel Will Eisner Jean-Claude Forest Dave Gibbons H. R. Giger Juan Giménez Jean Giraud John Holmstrom Matt Howarth Jeffrey Catherine Jones Michael Kaluta Paul Kirchner Tanino Liberatore Terrance Lindall Milo Manara Esteban Maroto Pepe Moreno Gray Morrow Jean-Michel Nicollet [fr] Alex Niño Luis Royo Paolo Eleuteri Serpieri Walt Simonson Dan Steffan Jim Steranko Steve Stiles Arthur Suydam Alain Voss John Workman Bernie Wrightson Olivia De Berardinis Related Heavy Metal Les Humanoïdes Associés Métal Hurlant National Lampoon Schwermetall [de] Heavy Metal (film) Heavy Metal 2000 Love, Death & Robots

Authority control databases International VIAF GND National United States France BnF data Artists ULAN RKD Artists People Trove Deutsche Biographie Other SNAC

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Enki Bilal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enki_Bilal) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enki_Bilal?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.