# Energy in Cyprus

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Electricity in Cyprus is managed by the [Electricity Authority of Cyprus](/source/Electricity_Authority_of_Cyprus). Power is primarily generated at three fuel oil-burning stations but the use of distributed [renewable energy](/source/Renewable_energy) is expanding.

## Overview

Energy consumption by source, Cyprus

Electricity production by source, Cyprus

Energy in Cyprus[1] Capita Prim. energy Production Import Electricity CO2-emission Million TWh TWh TWh TWh Mt 2004 0.83 30.5 2.21 28.4 4.47 6.94 2007 0.79 28.4 0.81 33.5 4.65 7.35 2008 0.80 30.1 0.93 35.5 4.93 7.57 2009 0.81 29.2 0.93 33.8 5.04 7.46 2012 0.80 4.77 6.93 2012R 0.86 25.9 1.28 30.4 4.58 6.46 2013 0.87 22.4 1.28 27.0 4.10 5.62 Change 2004-09 -2.4% -4.2% -57.9% 19.3% 12.8% 7.5% Mtoe = 11.63 TWh. Prim. energy includes energy losses 2012R = CO2 calculation criteria changed, numbers updated

About 97% of the primary energy use was imported in 2008.[2] However, the European Union RES target (2020) for Cypus is 13% giving Cyprus an opportunity to promote its own energy production and increase its [energy independence](/source/Energy_independence) in the near future. According to the national action plan Cyprus expects it will also meet this target.[3]

According to the IEA key statistics for 2010, Cypriot energy imports in 2008 were 5 TWh higher than the primary energy use. If correct, this corresponds to about 18% storage capacity of the annual energy use. There was an equal imbalance in 2007.[2]

## Renewable energy

A recent scientific article published in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews in 2014 by Prof. Mete Feridun of [University of Greenwich](/source/University_of_Greenwich) in London and his colleagues investigates the long-run equilibrium relationship among [international tourism](/source/International_tourism), energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions (CO2), and the direction of causality among these variables. The authors report evidence that international tourism is a catalyst for energy consumption and for an increase in the level of carbon dioxide emissions in Cyprus.[4]

In 2021 Cyprus, amongst the EU members, was one of the least producing renewable energy.[5]

The table below shows the renewable electricity generation in Cyprus since 2010 as a percentage of the total electricity generation, according to [Eurostat](/source/Eurostat).

Renewable Electricity Generation (GWh) Year Wind Biofuel Solar % of Total 2010 32 35 6 1.39% 2011 106 52 12 3.45% 2012 161 50 22 4.93% 2013 190 49 47 6.65% 2014 188 51 84 7.40% 2015 205 51 128 8.45% 2016 222 52 146 8.59% 2017 222 52 172 8.91% 2018 217 57 200 9.36% 2019 225 58 218 9.76% Renewable Electricity Generation (GWh) Year Wind Biofuel Solar % of Total 2020 228 61 296 12.04% 2021 232 60 468 14.84% 2022 234 58 602 16.98% A wind farm in Cyprus

### Wind power

With a [feed-in tariff](/source/Feed-in_tariff) for large wind power plants, the Cypriot National Renewable Energy Action Plan targets a total of 6.8% of its renewable electricity share from [wind power](/source/Wind_power_in_the_European_Union) by 2020. In 2005 there was no wind energy; in 2023 it totaled 3.93% of electricity.[6] The average target for all EU countries by 2020 is 14%.[3]

### Solar

Main article: [Solar power in Cyprus](/source/Solar_power_in_Cyprus)

The Cypriot target of [solar power](/source/Solar_power), including both [photovoltaics](/source/Photovoltaics) and [concentrated solar power](/source/Concentrated_solar_power), is a combined 7% of electricity by 2020, which will be one of the top percentages in the European Union markets. Respective targets are 8% for [Spain](/source/Solar_power_in_Spain), [Germany](/source/Solar_power_in_Germany) 7%, [Greece](/source/Solar_power_in_Greece) 5%, [Portugal](/source/Solar_power_in_Portugal) 4%, and [Malta](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solar_power_in_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1) 1%.[3]

Solar heating is the usage of solar energy to provide space or [water heating](/source/Water_heating). [Solar heating](/source/Solar_heating) per capita in 2010 was for Cyprus the highest of all [European countries](/source/Solar_power_in_the_European_Union): 611 W per capita. The corresponding value in other top EU countries included Austria at 385, Greece 253 and [Germany](/source/Solar_power_in_Germany) 120. In 2010 this capacity was the lowest in the EU, with high unutilised domestic energy opportunities: in [Finland](/source/Energy_in_Finland) 4, Latvia 3, [Estonia](/source/Energy_in_Estonia) 1, and Lithuania 1. Correspondingly the value was high in [Denmark](/source/Solar_power_in_the_European_Union) with 68.[7]

The number of photovoltaic systems in Cyprus rose by 66% in the year to July 2023, to over 45,000, with a capacity of 256 MW, the systems being used by each customer, including commercial, to reduce their electricity bill through an agreement of net-metering.[8]

The [United Nations Development Programme](/source/United_Nations_Development_Programme) (UNDP) in Cyprus installed a 15 KW photovoltaic system at its offices. The park cost US$30,000 and is now connected to the grid.

#### Net metering

In 2011 the [Cypriot Energy Regulatory Authority](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cypriot_Energy_Regulatory_Authority&action=edit&redlink=1) (CERA) announced a number of steps aimed at facilitating development of [photovoltaics](/source/Photovoltaics) in Cyprus. Among them is the large-scale application of [net metering](/source/Net_metering). CERA aims to reduce electricity prices for the households where net metering is applied, via fuel saving and carbon dioxide reduction. Cyprus introduced net metering as pilot program in 2012. The program concerns selected governmental buildings and a few communities only. Its goal was to gain significant experience and knowledge on how to run the electricity grid using net metering.[9][10]

The [University of Cyprus](/source/University_of_Cyprus) announced plans for a second 10 to 13 MW solar park in 2013 and that it will lead a €1.3 million research program into the adoption of net metering across the [European Union](/source/European_Union). The UoC will also lead an EU-funded European research program on promoting net metering policies. The university has signed a memorandum of co-operation with the Bishopric of Tamasos and Orini of the [Church of Cyprus](/source/Church_of_Cyprus), to develop a photovoltaic park in the Cypriot capital of [Nicosia](/source/Nicosia).[11]

#### Curtailment

The solar grid in Cyprus experiences high amounts of [curtailment](/source/Curtailment_(electricity)), with 29% in 2024 and approaching 46% in 2025, amounting to 306 GWh of solar energy discarded. [12]

There are multiple factors contributing to the curtailment. Solar capacity has been steadily increasing in Cyprus partially as a result of government subsidies [13][14], but Cyprus does not have methods to deal with surplus energy generation. It lacks adequate battery storage solutions and cannot send energy out, being an isolated energy grid. [15]

## Interconnectors

Main articles: [EuroAsia Interconnector](/source/EuroAsia_Interconnector) and [EuroAfrica Interconnector](/source/EuroAfrica_Interconnector)

Map of EuroAsia Interconnector

The [EuroAsia Interconnector](/source/EuroAsia_Interconnector) is planned to connect [Israel](/source/Israel), [Cyprus](/source/Cyprus), and [Greece](/source/Greece) with a 2000 MW [HVDC](/source/High-voltage_direct_current) [undersea power cable](/source/Submarine_power_cable).[16] It is a leading Project of Common Interest of the [European Union](/source/European_Union) and also a priority for the Electricity Highway Interconnector Project.[17][18] [Cyprus](/source/Cyprus), as the last EU member fully isolated from energy interconnections, will be connected to the European network.[16]

The [EuroAfrica Interconnector](/source/EuroAfrica_Interconnector) will connect [Egypt](/source/Egypt), Cyprus, and Greece with another 2000 MW HVDC undersea power cable. These projects will allow Cyprus to use cheaper and cleaner electricity from the mainland rather than burn imported oil in less-efficient, dirtier generators.

## See also

- [Cyprus portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Cyprus)
- [Energy portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Energy)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Energy in Cyprus](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Energy_in_Cyprus).

- [Block 12](/source/Block_12)

- [Solar power in Cyprus](/source/Solar_power_in_Cyprus)

- [Renewable energy by country](/source/List_of_renewable_energy_topics_by_country)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-IEA2015_1-0)** IEA Key World Energy Statistics Statistics [2015](http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld_Statistics_2015.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040322/http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld_Statistics_2015.pdf) 4 March 2016 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), [2014 (2012R as in November 2015](http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/keyworld2014.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150405035039/http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/keyworld2014.pdf) 5 April 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) + 2012 as in March 2014 is comparable to previous years statistical calculation criteria, [2013](http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld2013.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20140902105825/http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld2013.pdf) 2 September 2014 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), [2012](http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/kwes.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20130309143010/http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/kwes.pdf) 9 March 2013 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), [2011](http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2011/key_world_energy_stats.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20111027013037/http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2011/key_world_energy_stats.pdf) 27 October 2011 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), [2010](http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2010/key_stats_2010.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20101011091637/http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2010/key_stats_2010.pdf) 11 October 2010 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), [2009](http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2009/key2009.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20131007042901/http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2009/key2009.pdf) 7 October 2013 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), [2006](http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2006/key2006.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20091012043312/http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2006/key2006.pdf) 12 October 2009 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) [IEA](/source/International_Energy_Agency) October, crude oil p.11, coal p. 13 gas p. 15

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-IEA2010_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-IEA2010_2-1) [IEA Key energy statistics 2010](http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2010/key_stats_2010.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20101011091637/http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2010/key_stats_2010.pdf) 11 October 2010 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) Page: Country specific indicator numbers from page 48

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-EWEA2050_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-EWEA2050_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-EWEA2050_3-2) ["EWEA March 2011"](http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/ewea_documents/documents/publications/reports/EWEA_EU_Energy_Policy_to_2050.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved 9 October 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Katircioglu, lalih Turan, Feridun, Mete and Kilinc, Ceyhun (2014) Estimating tourism-induced energy consumption and CO2 emissions: The case of Cyprus. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 29. pp. 634-640. ISSN 1364-0321 (doi:10.1016/j.rser.2013.09.004)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Promoting renewable energy and energy storage in Cyprus"](https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/134692.html). October 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Cyprus Wind electricity generation, percent - data, chart"](https://www.theglobaleconomy.com/Cyprus/wind_electricity_generation_percent/). *TheGlobalEconomy.com*. Retrieved 14 May 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** [Photovoltaic energy barometer 2011](http://www.eurobserv-er.org/pdf/baro202.asp) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200114212100/https://www.eurobserv-er.org/pdf/baro202.asp) 14 January 2020 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) – EurObserv’ER

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["Electricity self-consumption in Cyprus on remarkable rise, data show"](https://in-cyprus.philenews.com/local/electricity-self-consumption-in-cyprus-on-remarkable-rise-official-data/). 3 November 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["Family sees electricity bill drastically reduced with net metering - Cyprus Mail"](http://cyprus-mail.com/family-sees-electricity-bill-drastically-reduced-with-net-metering/). 19 June 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["Green Cyprus: Net-Metering pilot and Nationwide Tree Planting Project"](http://greencyprus.net/net-metering-tree-planting-projects-go-ahead/). Retrieved 9 October 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["University of Cyprus will lead EU Net Metering Research"](http://cyprustoday.net/news/index.php/university-of-cyprus-will-lead-eu-net-metering-research/). Retrieved 9 October 2017.{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["Why Cyprus wastes nearly half its solar energy — and what battery storage could fix"](https://cyprus-mail.com/2026/03/19/why-cyprus-wastes-nearly-half-its-solar-energy-and-what-battery-storage-could-fix). *cyprus-mail.com*. 19 March 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** Solutions, BDigital Web. ["Cypriots losing confidence in solar energy amid frequent shutdowns"](https://knews.kathimerini.com.cy/en/news/cypriots-losing-confidence-in-solar-energy-amid-frequent-shutdowns). *knews.com.cy*. Retrieved 14 May 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** ["Cyprus Solar electricity capacity - data, chart"](https://www.theglobaleconomy.com/Cyprus/solar_electricity_capacity/). *TheGlobalEconomy.com*. Retrieved 14 May 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** ["Why Cyprus wastes nearly half its solar energy — and what battery storage could fix"](https://cyprus-mail.com/2026/03/19/why-cyprus-wastes-nearly-half-its-solar-energy-and-what-battery-storage-could-fix). *cyprus-mail.com*. 19 March 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-EA_16-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-EA_16-1) [The EuroAsia Interconnector document](http://www.euroasia-interconnector.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/EuroAsia_Interconnector_Project_Overall_leaflet_English.pdf)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-EU_17-0)** [EU Projects by country](https://ec.europa.eu/inea/en/connecting-europe-facility/cef-energy/projects-by-country/multi-country/3.10.1-0004-cyel-s-m-16)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FU_18-0)** [Funding for Projects of Common Interest](https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/infrastructure/projects-common-interest/funding-projects-common-interest)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Energy in Cyprus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Cyprus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Cyprus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.