# Energy in Belarus

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Energy_in_Belarus
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Energy_in_Belarus.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Belarus
> Source revision: 1332652663
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

Belarus electricity supply by source

Map of power plants

[Lukoml power station](/source/Lukoml_power_station)

Power lines (220, 330 и 750 kv) in Belarus

[Astravets Nuclear Power Plant](/source/Astravets_Nuclear_Power_Plant) in 2023

Most [energy](/source/World_energy_resources_and_consumption) in [Belarus](/source/Belarus) is cheap [fossil gas from Russia](/source/Natural_gas_in_Russia),[1] and Belarus is a net energy importer. According to [IEA](/source/International_Energy_Agency), the energy import vastly exceeded the [energy production](/source/Energy_production) in 2015, describing Belarus as one of the world's least energy sufficient countries in the world.[2] Belarus imports oil from Russia,[3] and sends back some refined products such as gasoline.[4]

Total energy consumption (measured by total primary energy supply) in Belarus was 27.0 Mtoe in 2018, similar to consumption in Norway and Hungary.[2] Primary energy use in Belarus was 327 TWh or 34 TWh per million persons in 2008.[5]

Primary energy use per capita in Belarus in 2009 (34 MWh) was slightly more than in [Portugal](/source/Energy_in_Portugal) (26 MWh) and about half of the use in [Belgium](/source/Energy_in_Belgium) (64 MWh) or [Sweden](/source/Energy_in_Sweden) (62 MWh).[5]

Electricity consumed in 2021 was 32.67 billion kWh, 3,547 kWh per capita.[6]

## Overview

Energy in Belarus[7] Population (million) Total energy supply (TWh) Production (TWh) Net Import (TWh) Electricity (TWh) CO2-emission (Mt) 1990 10.19 518.8 39.5 489.7 44.6 99.8 1991 10.19 504.3 41.1 464.8 44.8 96.2 1992 10.22 423.6 41.4 381.5 40.0 86.8 1993 10.24 360.5 38.2 322.3 35.3 75.4 1994 10.23 307.7 40.9 264.2 31.4 64.0 1995 10.19 281.1 39.4 251.2 28.4 56.9 1996 10.16 287.6 39.7 247.0 28.5 57.8 1997 10.12 287.9 39.7 261.1 29.9 58.2 1998 10.07 279.0 38.4 249.7 30.4 56.3 1999 10.03 275.0 42.1 237.8 30.1 54.1 2000 9.98 279.7 41.0 245.2 29.9 52.1 2001 9.93 279.9 42.3 244.8 29.9 50.9 2002 9.87 287.2 43.3 247.8 29.6 50.8 2003 9.80 295.4 41.9 257.6 30.0 51.4 2004 9.73 309.1 42.4 270.5 30.9 54.5 2005 9.66 308.1 44.6 266.5 31.4 55.0 2006 9.60 327.9 45.6 286.5 32.3 57.2 2007 9.56 321.0 46.4 275.6 32.4 55.7 2008 9.53 323.9 46.1 285.8 33.2 58.4 2009 9.51 303.8 45.7 257.5 31.4 55.3 2010 9.48 316.7 47.0 271.4 33.8 59.5 2011 9.46 333.5 48.7 285.3 34.4 56.4 2012 9.45 346.1 48.3 308.6 35.0 57.5 2013 9.44 308.9 46.4 273.4 34.5 57.5 2014 9.45 317.9 43.1 282.0 34.9 56.8 2015 9.46 290.1 41.7 248.7 33.8 52.6 2016 9.47 287.6 42.5 242.1 33.7 53.0 2017 9.46 293.6 46.1 251.5 34.2 54.0 2018 9.44 313.8 48.2 269.1 35.2 57.1 2019 9.42 303.5 50.8 256.8 35.4 55.4 2020 9.38 292.2 51.7 244.6 35.3 52.5 2021 9.30 317.2 70.2 248.1 38.1 53.1 2022 9.21 307.9 71.9 236.8 36.0 50.5 Change 1990-2022 -9.6% -40.6% 82.0% -51.6% -19.3% -49.4%

## Power plants

Name Region/city Capacity, MW[8] Lukoml GRES Vitebsk Region 2,889 Byaroza GRES Brest Region 1,095 Minsk thermal No. 4 Minsk city 1,035 Minsk thermal No. 5 Minsk Region 719.6 Gomel thermal No. 2 Gomel city 544 Minsk thermal No. 3 Minsk city 442 Mogilev thermal No. 2 Mogilev city 347 Grodno thermal No. 2 Grodno city 302.5 Novopolotsk thermal Novopolotsk city 270 Mazyr thermal Mazyr city 205 Babruysk thermal No. 2 Babruysk city 182.6 Svietlahorsk thermal Svietlahorsk city 155 Minsk thermal No. 2 Minsk city 94 Viciebsk thermal Vitebsk city 80 Orsha thermal Orsha city 79.8 Barysaw thermal Barysaw city 65 Zhodzina thermal Zhodzina city 54 Lida thermal Lida city 43 Vitebsk hydro Vitebsk Region 40 Mogilev thermal No. 1 Mogilev city 38.5 Gomel thermal No. 1 Gomel city 37.3 Zhlobin thermal Zhlobin city 26.2 Pinsk thermal Pinsk city 22 Polotsk hydro Vitebsk Region 21.7 Mogilev thermal No. 3 Mogilev city 19.5 Baranavichy thermal Baranavichy city 18 Grodno hydro Grodno Region 17 Brest thermal Brest city 12 Babruysk thermal No. 1 Babruysk city 12

The [Astravets Nuclear Power Plant](/source/Astravets_Nuclear_Power_Plant) became operational in 2020.[9] In 2024, it produced 15.7 TWh of electricity generating up to 40% of the country's supply.[10]

## Natural gas

The country is one of the world’s largest importers of natural gas with estimates for 2018 being about 17 Mtoe (20 billion cubic metres [bcm]) of natural gas, making it the leading importer among the so-called EU4Energy countries: [Armenia](/source/Armenia), [Azerbaijan](/source/Azerbaijan), Belarus, [Georgia](/source/Georgia_(country)), [Kazakhstan](/source/Kazakhstan), [Kyrgyzstan](/source/Kyrgyzstan), [Moldova](/source/Moldova), [Tajikistan](/source/Tajikistan), [Turkmenistan](/source/Turkmenistan), [Ukraine](/source/Ukraine) and [Uzbekistan](/source/Uzbekistan). In 2018 almost all generated electricity came from [natural gas](/source/Natural_gas) (97%, or 39 terawatt hours [TWh]).[2] In 1990, the IEA reported natural gas as constituting 52% of electricity generation, with oil generating 48%.[11]

There are two large gas pipes running through Belarus, the [Yamal–Europe pipeline](/source/Yamal%E2%80%93Europe_pipeline) and [Northern Lights](/source/Northern_Lights_(pipeline)). In addition there is the [Minsk–Kaliningrad Interconnection](/source/Minsk%E2%80%93Kaliningrad_Interconnection) that connects to [Kaliningrad](/source/Kaliningrad).

In 2021 18.64 billion m3 were consumed with 0.06 billion produced, the rest imported.[6]

## Oil

Oil refineries, oil and gas pipelines in Belarus

Belarus is a large oil refiner, listed 36th in the world, at 19 Mt of oil products in 2018 by the IEA.[2] It has two refineries and oil pipelines built during the Soviet era including the [Mozyr Oil Refinery](/source/Mozyr_Oil_Refinery).

Oil consumed in 2021 amounted to 49.13m barrels with 12.52 m barrels produced, the rest imported.[6]

## Renewable energy

Main article: [Renewable energy in Belarus](/source/Renewable_energy_in_Belarus)

Renewable energy generation accounted for 6% of Belarus’s energy in 2018, rising to 8% in 2020, mostly from [biofuels](/source/Biofuel) and waste. Renewables share in electricity generation was 2% in 2018 (0.8 TWh).[2]

Years in which the last three renewable power levels achieved [6] Achievement Year Achievement Year Achievement Year 4% 1999 6% 2001 8% 2020

Renewable energy includes wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy sources.

## Storage

Because non-nuclear thermal power plants are ramped up and down depending on heat requirements, and nuclear is not very flexible, increased battery storage has been suggested.[12]

## Subsidies

Fossil fuelled heat is heavily subsidized.[13]: 62

## See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Energy in Belarus](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Energy_in_Belarus).

- [Energy portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Energy)
- [Belarus portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Belarus)

- [Map of Belarusian power grids](https://nadoloni.com) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170707082150/https://nadoloni.com/) 2017-07-07 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

- [Druzhba pipeline](/source/Druzhba_pipeline)

- [2004 Russia–Belarus gas dispute](/source/2004_Russia%E2%80%93Belarus_gas_dispute)

- [2007 Russia–Belarus energy dispute](/source/2007_Russia%E2%80%93Belarus_energy_dispute)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Ritchie, Hannah; Roser, Max; Rosado, Pablo (2022-10-27). ["Energy"](https://ourworldindata.org/energy/country/belarus). *Our World in Data*.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-iea-profile_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-iea-profile_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-iea-profile_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-iea-profile_2-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-iea-profile_2-4) [*Belarus energy profile*](https://www.iea.org/reports/belarus-energy-profile), [International Energy Agency](/source/International_Energy_Agency), retrieved May 26, 2021

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** [*The Economic Aspects of the Energy Sector in CIS Countries*](https://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/publications/pages/publication12678_en.pdf) (PDF), [European Commission](/source/European_Commission), retrieved May 26, 2021

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Russia increases gasoline imports from Belarus as domestic supplies shrink"](https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/russia-increases-gasoline-imports-belarus-domestic-supplies-shrink-2024-03-27/).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-IEA2010_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-IEA2010_5-1) [IEA Key energy statistics 2010](http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2010/key_stats_2010.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20101011091637/http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2010/key_stats_2010.pdf) 2010-10-11 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) Page: Country specific indicator numbers from page 48

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-wor11_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-wor11_6-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-wor11_6-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-wor11_6-3) ["Energy consumption in Belarus"](https://www.worlddata.info/europe/belarus/energy-consumption.php). Retrieved 11 November 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["Energy Statistics Data Browser"](https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser?country=BELARUS). [International Energy Agency](/source/International_Energy_Agency). Retrieved 21 July 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** [Установленная мощность, кВт](http://www.energo.by/content/deyatelnost-obedineniya/osnovnye-pokazateli/ustanovlennaya-moshchnost/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180113093240/http://www.energo.by/content/deyatelnost-obedineniya/osnovnye-pokazateli/ustanovlennaya-moshchnost/) 2018-01-13 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) (in Russian)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["Belarus reopens nuclear power plant after replacing equipment"](https://www.reuters.com/article/markets/belarus-reopens-nuclear-power-plant-after-replacing-equipment-idUSL8N2I50X6/). *[Reuters](/source/Reuters)*. 19 November 2020.{{[cite news](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_news)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["Белорусская АЭС выработала 40 млрд. кВтч электроэнергии"](https://belaes.by/ru/novosti/item/4791-belorusskaya-aes-vyrabotala-40-mlrd-kvtch-elektroenergii.html) [Belarusian NPP generated 40 billion kWh of electricity]. *belaes.by* (in Russian). 26 February 2025. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250628171607/https://belaes.by/ru/novosti/item/4791-belorusskaya-aes-vyrabotala-40-mlrd-kvtch-elektroenergii.html) from the original on 28 June 2025. Retrieved 21 July 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-iea.1990_11-0)** [*IEA statistics: Belarus 1990*](https://web.archive.org/web/20141022152836/http://www.iea.org/statistics/statisticssearch/report/?country=BELARUS&product=electricityandheat&year=1990), archived from [the original](http://www.iea.org/statistics/statisticssearch/report/?country=BELARUS&product=electricityandheat&year=1990) on 2014-10-22

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["How the energy system of Belarus should develop in order to stay beneficial. Forecast"](https://ecoidea.me/en/article/4676). *ecoidea.me*. Retrieved 2021-12-23.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Irena2021_13-0)** ["Renewables Readiness Assessment: Belarus"](https://www.irena.org/publications/2021/Jul/Renewables-Readiness-Assessment-Belarus). */publications/2021/Jul/Renewables-Readiness-Assessment-Belarus*. Retrieved 2021-12-23.

v t e Belarus articles History Neuri Androphagi Kievan Rus' Principality of Polotsk Principality of Turov Grand Duchy of Lithuania Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Russian Empire Russification Belarusian Democratic Republic Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic During World War II Western Belorussia Annexation of Western Belarus Sovietization of Western Byelorussia Republic of Belarus Military history Resistance movement Geography Cities Extreme points Geology Protected areas Biosphere Reserves National parks Rivers Swamps Politics Administrative divisions Censorship Constitution Elections Central Election Commission Foreign relations Government Human rights (LGBT) Law enforcement State Security Committee Ministry of Internal Affairs Internal Troops Militsiya Presidential Security Service Military Parliament Political parties President Prime Minister List Union State of Russia and Belarus Economy Agriculture Banking Central bank Ruble (currency) Telecommunications Energy Industry International sanctions Stock exchange Trade unions Transport Society Demographics Belarusians Rus' people Ruthenians Gente Ruthenus, natione Polonus Polish–Lithuanian identity Education Healthcare Language Religion Culture Architecture Awards and decorations Belarusian names Cuisine Folk dance Languages Libraries Literature Music Cinema Media National symbols Public holidays World Heritage Sites Outline Index Bibliography Category Portal

v t e Energy in Europe Sovereign states Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands North Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom States with limited recognition Abkhazia Kosovo Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria Dependencies and other entities Åland Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Svalbard Other entities European Union

v t e Sovereign states and dependencies of Europe Sovereign states Albania Andorra Armenia2 Austria Azerbaijan1 Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus2 Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia1 Germany Greece Hungary Iceland3 Ireland Italy Kazakhstan1 Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands North Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia1 San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey1 Ukraine United Kingdom Vatican City4 States with limited recognition Abkhazia2 Kosovo Northern Cyprus2 South Ossetia2 Transnistria Dependent territories Denmark Faroe Islands3 autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark United Kingdom Akrotiri and Dhekelia2 (Sovereign Base Areas) Gibraltar (British Overseas Territory) Crown Dependencies Bailiwick of Guernsey Alderney Guernsey Sark Bailiwick of Jersey Isle of Man Special areas of internal sovereignty Finland Åland (autonomous region subject to the Åland convention of 1921) Norway Svalbard (unincorporated area subject to the Svalbard Treaty) United Kingdom England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland (country of the United Kingdom subject to the British-Irish Agreement) 1 Spans the conventional boundary between Europe and another continent. 2 Considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons but is geographically in Western Asia. 3 Oceanic islands within the vicinity of Europe are usually grouped with the continent even though they are not situated on its continental shelf. 4 Governed by the Holy See which has sovereignty over Vatican City. Category Europe portal

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Energy in Belarus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Belarus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Belarus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.