# Endoscopic stenting

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| specialty    = gastroenterology
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'''Endoscopic stenting''' is a medical procedure by which a [stent](/source/stent), a hollow device designed to prevent constriction or collapse of a tubular organ, is inserted by [endoscopy](/source/endoscopy). They are usually inserted when a disease process has led to narrowing or obstruction of the organ in question, such as the [esophagus](/source/esophagus) or the [colon](/source/colon_(anatomy)).

There are various types of endoscopic stents: plastic stents, uncovered self-expandable metallic stents, partially covered self-expandable metallic stents, and fully covered self-expandable metallic stents.<ref name="Lam 2021">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lam R, Muniraj T | title = Fully covered metal biliary stents: A review of the literature | journal = World Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 27 | issue = 38 | pages = 6357–6373 | date = October 2021 | pmid = 34720527 | doi = 10.3748/wjg.v27.i38.6357 | pmc = 8517778 | doi-access = free }}</ref> [Self-expandable metallic stent](/source/Self-expandable_metallic_stent)s "play an important role in the management of malignant obstructing lesions in the gastrointestinal tract."<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = McLoughlin MT, Byrne MF | title = Endoscopic stenting: where are we now and where can we go? | journal = World Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 14 | issue = 24 | pages = 3798–3803 | date = June 2008 | pmid = 18609702 | pmc = 2721435 | doi = 10.3748/wjg.14.3798 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

A stent may be inserted into the [common bile duct](/source/common_bile_duct) during an [endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography](/source/endoscopic_retrograde_cholangiopancreatography), especially if [gallstone](/source/gallstone) removal is deemed too risky.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.keckmedicine.org/treatments/pancreatic-surgery/  |title = Pancreatic, Gallbladder and Biliary Surgery | work =  Keck Medicine | publisher = University of Southern California (USC) }}</ref>

==Complications==
Some complications of metallic stents are: stent migration (occurring in 20 to 40% of the cases). Stents with anchoring flaps or flared ends can reduce the risk of migration. Cholecystitis can be a complication for stenting of malignant biliary stricture. Stent occlusion may occur from tumor or tissue overgrowth, or due to sludge deposits, causing the development of cholangitis.<ref name="Lam 2021"/>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

Category:Endoscopy
Digestive system surgery

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Endoscopic stenting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscopic_stenting) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscopic_stenting?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.