# Embrya

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***Embrya*** is the second [studio album](/source/Studio_album) by American recording artist [Maxwell](/source/Maxwell_(musician)), released on June 30, 1998, by [Columbia Records](/source/Columbia_Records). As on his 1996 debut album *[Maxwell's Urban Hang Suite](/source/Maxwell's_Urban_Hang_Suite)*, he collaborated with record producer and [Sade](/source/Sade_(band)) member [Stuart Matthewman](/source/Stuart_Matthewman). A [neo soul](/source/Neo_soul) album, *Embrya* features heavy basslines, string arrangements, and an emphasis on [groove](/source/Groove_(music)) over melodies. It has themes of love and spirituality.

## Background

With a lesser jazz emphasis than his debut album, *Embrya* continues the trend towards heavy basslines and string arrangements, and it focuses on themes such as love and spirituality. However, the album features more of an emphasis on groove than melodies.[2] Its production sound contains bassy, electronic and slight syncopated beats.[3] Maxwell has defined the album's title as "an approaching growing transition thought to be contained but destined for broader perception."[4]

## Critical reception

*Embrya* was originally received unfavorably by many critics.[5] In the *[Chicago Tribune](/source/Chicago_Tribune)*, [Greg Kot](/source/Greg_Kot) wrote that the record "functions primarily as background music, sustaining its contemplative tone and percolating groove almost too well".[6] [Ann Powers](/source/Ann_Powers) of *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)* called Maxwell "an expert seducer" and the music "the aural equivalent of lotion rubbed on one's back by someone interesting", but believed the lyrics lacked substance.[7] [Greg Tate](/source/Greg_Tate) wrote in *[Spin](/source/Spin_(magazine))* that the album "comes off as a tad [New Agey](/source/New-age_music), [art-rock](/source/Art_rock) pretentious, emotionally calculated, and sappy."[2] [Dream Hampton](/source/Dream_Hampton), writing in *[The Village Voice](/source/The_Village_Voice)*, said that the "listless and unfocused" songwriting does not redeem the "ridiculous, loaded song titles" and found the music "lazy": "The band drones along as if in some somnambulant session that never ends."[8] In *[The Village Voice](/source/The_Village_Voice)*, [Robert Christgau](/source/Robert_Christgau) cited "Luxury: Cococure" as a "choice cut",[9] indicating "a good song on an album that isn't worth your time or money".[10] [Stephen Thomas Erlewine](/source/Stephen_Thomas_Erlewine) deemed *Embrya* "a bit of a sophomore stumble, albeit one with promising moments", while writing in [AllMusic](/source/AllMusic), "[Maxwell] overstuffs his songs with ideas that lead nowhere".[11] In *[(The New) Rolling Stone Album Guide](/source/The_Rolling_Stone_Album_Guide)* (2004), Arion Berger assigned the album two stars out of five, and found the songs monotonous and called the album "unfocused and pretentious ... full of overwrought, underwritten songs with obscure, fancy titles revolving around a sort of sexual [gnosticism](/source/Gnosticism)."[12]

In a positive review, Connie Johnson from the *[Los Angeles Times](/source/Los_Angeles_Times)* viewed Maxwell's music as unique and the album as an improvement from his debut album, which was "somewhat derivative".[13] [Rob Sheffield](/source/Rob_Sheffield) of *[Rolling Stone](/source/Rolling_Stone)* magazine complimented its lush musical backdrops and found the songs "pretty wonderful, even though they're impossible to tell apart or to remember after they're done."[14] [David Browne](/source/David_Browne_(journalist)), writing in *[Entertainment Weekly](/source/Entertainment_Weekly)*, called the album "beautiful R&B background music" and felt that, despite vague and pretentious lyrics, it serves as "the culmination of the retro-soul movement that began taking shape several years ago."[15] Amy Linden of *[Vibe](/source/Vibe_(magazine))* called it "neo-soul via ambience" and said that "like smoke, Maxwell's love songs drift away, fading ever so seductively into the background, where they stay."[1] Critics have since reappraised *Embrya* as a groundbreaking forerunner to later trends in [Alternative R&B](/source/Alternative_R%26B), and Columbia Records reissued the album in 2018 on its 20th anniversary.[16] *Embrya* was nominated for a [Grammy Award for Best R&B Album](/source/Grammy_Award_for_Best_R%26B_Album), losing to [Lauryn Hill](/source/Lauryn_Hill)'s *[The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill](/source/The_Miseducation_of_Lauryn_Hill)* (1998).[17] In 1999, it won the [Soul Train Music Award](/source/Soul_Train_Music_Award) for Best Male Soul/R&B Album.[18]

In 2024, *[Uncut](/source/Uncut_(magazine))* ranked the album at number 110 in their list of "The 500 Greatest Albums of the 1990s", describing it as a "mighty smooth" record inspired by the "[longform](/source/Progressive_soul) works" of [Marvin Gaye](/source/Marvin_Gaye) and [D'Angelo](/source/D'Angelo) and writing that "the result is more distinct and enduring than was reckoned at the time."[19]

## Commercial performance

*Embrya* was released on June 10, 1998.[20] It sold more than one million copies and garnered Maxwell a new [alternative](/source/Alternative_culture) fanbase, but confounded urban consumers.[5] On May 26, 1999, the album was certified [platinum](/source/RIAA_certification) by the [Recording Industry Association of America](/source/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America) (RIAA).[20]

## Track listing

**Notes:**

- "Gestation: Mythos" on initial CD pressings is a [pregap](/source/Pregap) track, later pressings include it as track 1, thus pushing the other track numbers forward by one. A 2019 remaster approved by Maxwell places the track at the end of the album.

## Personnel

Credits are adapted from [Allmusic](/source/Allmusic).[21]

- Gloria Agostini – harp
- Chris Apostle – production coordination
- Carl Carter – bass
- [Tom Coyne](/source/Tom_Coyne_(music_engineer)) – mastering
- [Clark Gayton](/source/Clark_Gayton) – trombone
- Kerry Griffin – drums
- Lisa Guastella – production coordination assistant
- Russell Gunn – trumpet
- Reggie Hamilton – bass, nylon-string guitar
- [Bashiri Johnson](/source/Bashiri_Johnson) – percussion
- Gene Lake – drums
- Glen Marchese – engineer, mixing
- [Stuart Matthewman](/source/Stuart_Matthewman) – beats, guitar, mixing, producer, programming, baritone saxophone
- [Maxwell](/source/Maxwell_(musician)) – beats, engineer, horn arrangements, mixing, producer, vocals
- Greg Moore – guitar
- [Mike Pela](/source/Mike_Pela) – associate producer, mixing
- Julian Peploe – art direction
- Susan Poliacik – cello
- Matthew Raimondi – violin
- Andrew Richardson – stylist
- Daniel Sadownick – percussion
- Veronica Salas – viola
- Darrell Smith – beats, engineer, producer
- Mario Sorrenti – phjo
- Gerald Tarack – violin

## Charts

### Weekly charts

Chart (1998) Peak position European Top 100 Albums (Music & Media)[22] 43

### Year-end charts

Chart (1998) Position US Billboard 200[23] 117 US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard)[24] 32 Chart (1999) Position US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard)[25] 99

## References

1. Linden, Amy. "[Review: *Embrya*](https://books.google.com/books?id=JywEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA153&dq=)". *[Vibe](/source/Vibe_(magazine))*: 153–154. August 1998.

1. Tate, Greg (August 1998). ["Review: Embrya"](https://books.google.com/books?id=PeGUjNqTnGcC&pg=PA136). *[Spin](/source/Spin_(magazine))*. Retrieved May 5, 2013.

1. Johnson Jr., Billy. ["Embrya"](https://archive.today/20070629081745/http://www.music.yahoo.ca/read/review/12050815). [Yahoo! Music](/source/Yahoo!_Music). Archived from [the original](http://www.music.yahoo.ca/read/review/12050815) on June 29, 2007. Retrieved May 5, 2013.

1. Harrington, Richard. [Maxwell's `Embrya,' In the Mood for Love](https://web.archive.org/web/20121025060615/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-677589.html). *[The Washington Post](/source/The_Washington_Post)*. Retrieved on 2009-03-30.

1. Seyfu Hinds, Sewlyn (April 2001). ["Inner Vision"](https://books.google.com/books?id=fyYEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA108). *[Vibe](/source/Vibe_(magazine))*. Retrieved May 5, 2013.

1. Kot, Greg (July 5, 1998). ["Maxwell"](https://www.chicagotribune.com/1998/07/05/maxwell-35/). *[Chicago Tribune](/source/Chicago_Tribune)*. Retrieved August 22, 2016.

1. Powers, Ann. [Review: *Embrya*](https://www.nytimes.com/1998/07/14/arts/critic-s-choice-pop-cd-s-beach-boys-and-girls-of-summer.html?scp=1&sq=Maxwell%20Embrya&st=cse). *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*. Retrieved on 2009-09-24.

1. Hampton, Dream. [Review: *Embrya*](https://web.archive.org/web/20100929014550/http://www.villagevoice.com/1998-07-14/music/he-wants-you-to-want-him/). *[The Village Voice](/source/The_Village_Voice)*. Retrieved on 2009-09-24.

1. Christgau, Robert (February 23, 1999). ["Consumer Guide"](http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/cg/cgv199-99.php). *[The Village Voice](/source/The_Village_Voice)*. Retrieved May 5, 2013.

1. ["Key to Icons"](http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/bk-cg90/grades-90s.php). Robert Christgau. 2000. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20121130180649/http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/bk-cg90/grades-90s.php) November 30, 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved November 23, 2012.

1. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. [ Review: *Embrya*]. [Allmusic](/source/Allmusic). Retrieved on 2009-09-24.

1. Berger et al. 2004, p. 521.

1. Johnson, Connie. [Review: *Embrya*](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-jun-28-ca-64244-story.html). *[Los Angeles Times](/source/Los_Angeles_Times)*. Retrieved on 2009-09-24. (Star rating found at [archived page](https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/30719563.xml?dids=30719563:30719563&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+28%2C+1998&author=Connie+Johnson&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=POP+MUSIC%3B+RECORD+RACK%3B+It's+Uniquely+Maxwell%3B+***+1%2F2+MAXWELL+%22Embrya%22+Columbia&pqatl=google)[dead link])

1. Sheffield, Rob. ["Review: *Embrya*"](https://web.archive.org/web/20071225183742/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/maxwell/albums/album/228137/review/5944347/embrya). *[Rolling Stone](/source/Rolling_Stone)*. Archived from [the original](https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/maxwell/albums/album/228137/review/5944347/embrya) on 2007-12-25. Retrieved 2009-09-24.

1. Browne, David. [Review: *Embrya*](https://web.archive.org/web/20080928231957/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,283861,00.html). *[Entertainment Weekly](/source/Entertainment_Weekly)*. Retrieved on 2009-09-24.

1. Ani, Ivie (June 2018). ["Maxwell Talks Social Media, Making Politically Charged Music & What The Legacy Of 'Embrya' Is 20 Years Later"](https://www.okayplayer.com/music/maxwell-interview-okayplayer.html). *[Okayplayer](/source/Okayplayer)*. Retrieved October 17, 2020.

1. [Erykah Badu sweeps Soul Train Awards](https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/erykahbadu/articles/story/5919702/badu_sweeps_soul_train_awards) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20090305225504/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/erykahbadu/articles/story/5919702/badu_sweeps_soul_train_awards) 2009-03-05 at the Wayback Machine *rollingstone.com* March 3, 1998

1. [14th Annual Soul Train Award Winners](http://www.allyourtv.com/awards/awardssoultrain14th.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20000917150200/http://www.allyourtv.com/awards/awardssoultrain14th.html) 2000-09-17 at the Wayback Machine *allyourtv.com/awards/* March 6, 2000

1. "The Ultimate Record Collection: The 500 Greatest Albums of the 1990s". *Uncut: The Archive Collection*. '***(7): 49. April 2024.***

1. ["American album certifications – Maxwell – Embrya"](https://archive.today/20130717084702/http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?artist=%22Embrya%22). [Recording Industry Association of America](/source/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America). *If necessary, click*Advanced*, then click*Format*, then select*Album*, then click*SEARCH. Archived from [the original](https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?artist=%22Embrya%22) on July 17, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2013.

1. ["Embrya – Maxwell: Credits"](http://www.allmusic.com/album/embrya-mw0000034449/credits). [Allmusic](/source/Allmusic). Retrieved May 5, 2013.

1. ["European Top 100 Albums"](https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-and-Media/90s/1998/MM-1998-07-11.pdf). *[Music & Media](/source/Music_%26_Media)*. Vol. 15, no. 28. July 11, 1998. p. 12. Retrieved February 8, 2023. – via World Radio History.

1. ["Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 1998"](https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/1998/top-billboard-200-albums). *Billboard*. Retrieved August 20, 2020.

1. ["Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums – Year-End 1998"](https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/1998/top-r-and-b-hip-hop-albums). *Billboard*. Retrieved August 20, 2020.

1. ["Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums – Year-End 1999"](https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/1999/top-r-and-b-hip-hop-albums). *Billboard*. Retrieved August 20, 2020.

## Bibliography

- Berger, Arion et al. (November 2, 2004). *[The New Rolling Stone Album Guide](/source/The_Rolling_Stone_Album_Guide)*. 4th ed. [Simon & Schuster](/source/Simon_%26_Schuster). ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Embrya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embrya) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embrya?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.