# Effective circulating volume

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{{short description|Volume of arterial blood effectively perfusing tissue}}

In [hematology](/source/hematology), '''effective circulating volume''' ('''ECV''') is the volume of [arterial](/source/arterial) [blood](/source/blood) effectively [perfusing](/source/perfusion) tissue.<ref name="Rennke">{{cite book |last1=Rennke |first1=Helmut G. |last2=Denker |first2=Bradley M. |title=Renal Pathophysiology: The Essentials |date=2007 |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |isbn=9780781796262 |page=[https://archive.org/details/renalpathophysio0000renn/page/46 46] |url=https://archive.org/details/renalpathophysio0000renn |url-access=registration |quote=Effective circulating volume. |access-date=1 November 2018 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Marik |first1=Paul Ellis |title=Handbook of Evidence-Based Critical Care |date=2001 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=9780387951539 |page=110 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AVH-OrOifV8C&q=%22Effective+circulating+volume%22 |access-date=1 November 2018 |language=en}}</ref>  ECV is a dynamic quantity and not a measurable, distinct compartment.<ref name="Rennke" />  This concept is useful for discussion of [cardiovascular](/source/cardiovascular) and [renal](/source/renal_physiology) physiology.

Though ECV normally varies with [extracellular fluid](/source/extracellular_fluid) (ECF), they become uncoupled in diseases, such as [congestive heart failure](/source/congestive_heart_failure) (CHF) or hepatic [cirrhosis](/source/cirrhosis). In such cases, decreased ECV may lead to [volume depletion](/source/volume_depletion) responses and [edema](/source/edema).{{cn|date=March 2021}}

Decreased ECV can stimulate [renin](/source/renin) secretion or stimulate a [sympathetic nervous system](/source/sympathetic_nervous_system) response or [prostaglandin](/source/prostaglandin) release (all of which help mediate [renal blood flow](/source/renal_blood_flow) and [glomerular filtration rate](/source/glomerular_filtration_rate) among other things).{{cn|date=March 2021}}

==See also==
* [Blood plasma](/source/Blood_plasma)

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
* John Bullock, Michael B. Wang, Joseph Boyle.  ''NMS Physiology''. 4th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001. pp 337-339.

Category:Cardiovascular physiology

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Effective circulating volume](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective_circulating_volume) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective_circulating_volume?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.