# Edwards and Chapman Building

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<!-- Article title: '''Edwards and Chapman Building''' siteId: 14914 placeRef:600139 -->
{{Use Australian English|date=December 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}
{{Infobox historic site 
| name = Edwards and Chapman Building
| image =Sportsgirl (2009).jpg 
| caption =Upper facade, former Edwards and Chapman Building, 2009 
| locmapin = Queensland
| map_caption = 
| coordinates = {{coord|-27.4696|153.0247|region:AU-QLD_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| location = 120 Queen Street, [Brisbane City](/source/Brisbane_City%2C_Queensland), [City of Brisbane](/source/City_of_Brisbane), [Queensland](/source/Queensland), Australia
| beginning_label = Design period
| beginning_date = 1870s–1890s (late 19th century)
| built = 1881–1882
| built_for =[Richard Edwards](/source/Richard_Edwards_(Australian_politician)) and James Chapman 
| demolished = 
| architect = [Francis Drummond Greville Stanley](/source/Francis_Drummond_Greville_Stanley)
| architecture = [Italianate](/source/Italianate_architecture)
| owner = 
| designation1 = Queensland Heritage Register
| designation1_offname = Sportsgirl, Edwards and Chapman
| designation1_type = state heritage (built)
| designation1_date = 21 October 1992
| delisted1_date = 
| designation1_partof = 
| designation1_number = 600139
| designation1_free1name = Significant period
| designation1_free1value = 1881–1923 (fabric)<br/>1882–1938 (historical)
| designation1_free2name = Significant components
| designation1_free2value = 
| designation1_free3name = Builders
| designation1_free3value = Henry Holmes
}}

The '''Edwards and Chapman Building''' is a heritage-listed retail [warehouse](/source/warehouse) at 120 [Queen Street](/source/Queen_Street%2C_Brisbane), [Brisbane City](/source/Brisbane_City%2C_Queensland), [City of Brisbane](/source/City_of_Brisbane), [Queensland](/source/Queensland), [Australia](/source/Australia). It was designed by [Francis Drummond Greville Stanley](/source/Francis_Drummond_Greville_Stanley) and built from 1881 to 1882 by Henry Holmes. It was added to the [Queensland Heritage Register](/source/Queensland_Heritage_Register) on 21 October 1992.<ref name=qhr>{{cite QHR|14914|Sportsgirl|600139|accessdate=1 August 2014}}</ref>

== History ==
thumb|Chapman and Company drapery store, 1902|left
This building was erected as a retail warehouse during 1881–1882 and occupied by Edwards and Chapman in December 1882.<ref name="qhr" />
left|thumb|Richard Edwards, early 1900s
Welsh businessman [Richard Edwards](/source/Richard_Edwards_(Australian_politician)) joined Scotsman James Chapman in the establishment of a drapery store in [Brisbane](/source/Brisbane) in 1877. Successful in their venture, the two required larger premises and in September 1881 acquired deeds of grant to Allotments 13, 13A and 14 of Section 12.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20710845|title=CITY IMPROVEMENTS.|date=5 November 1881|via=National Library of Australia|newspaper=[The Queenslander](/source/The_Queenslander)|location=Brisbane|page=2 Supplement: Unknown|accessdate=7 June 2013}}</ref> The convict barracks, later first parliamentary buildings and supreme court had stood on this site from 1827 until its demolition in early 1881. A government decision to dispose of this Crown land prompted the redevelopment of the northern side of Queen street bounded by the old [Brisbane Town Hall](/source/First_Brisbane_Town_Hall) (in 2016, the NEXT Hotel site) and [Albert Street](/source/Albert_Street%2C_Brisbane).<ref name=qhr/>

Ex-Colonial Architect [Francis DG Stanley](/source/Francis_Drummond_Greville_Stanley) supervised the construction of the building by contractor H Holmes. With a frontage of {{convert|48|ft}} to Queen Street and a depth of {{convert|138|ft}}, this substantial warehouse incorporated features designed to "meet the requirements of a tropical climate". The three storey building with basement was notable for its {{convert|18|ft}} ceilings, and had an oval opening {{convert|50|by|15|ft}} in each floor. This device was intended to allow ventilation and better light dispersion. A hydraulic-powered [Otis lift](/source/Otis_Elevator_Company) was also incorporated in the building.<ref name=qhr/>

The company was dissolved when Richard Edwards retired in 1891 and James Chapman obtained title to the site in May of that year. As Chapman and Company the business diversified into soft furnishings and furniture. In 1923 extensive alterations were carried out to the shopfronts by SS Carrick under the guidance of architectural firm [Hall and Prentice](/source/Hall_and_Prentice). The work necessitated the insertion of steel columns and girders into the existing stonework.<ref name=qhr/>

Chapmans sold the building in 1938 ending the a 56-year association with the site. Subsequently, the building has been occupied by many other retail businesses. In 1992 when the building was listed on the [Queensland Heritage Register](/source/Queensland_Heritage_Register), it was occupied by the women's clothing store [Sportsgirl](/source/Sportsgirl).<ref name="qhr" /> In 2016, the basement level was occupied by a pharmacy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.priceline.com.au/store-locator/priceline-pharmacy-queen-street|title=Priceline Pharmacy Queen Street|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=8 December 2016}}</ref>

The building is now occupied on the three upper levels by City Beach, a Queensland-based fashion retailer.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.shopfully.com.au/stores/city-beach/182935/Queen+Street+Mall,+120+Queen+Street|title=City Beach, Brisbane Queensland|website=ShopFully|access-date=13 April 2017}}</ref>

== Description ==
The Edwards and Chapman Building located at 120 Queen Street dates from the [Victorian era](/source/Victorian_era) and was designed by FDG Stanley with ornate [Italianate detailing](/source/Italianate_architecture).<ref name=qhr/>

It consists of three storeys with a basement and an attic level. It has a simple rectangular plan with brick back and side walls and a richly ornamented front. The rear of the building is [polychrome brickwork](/source/polychrome_brickwork) while the front also uses lightly coloured [Oamaru limestone](/source/Oamaru_limestone). At street level facing Queen Street there is presently a modern shop front with a central doorway flanked by shop windows, and a suspended [awning](/source/awning) above.<ref name=qhr/>

The first floor level has a projecting [bay](/source/Bay_window) or [oriel window](/source/oriel_window) with flanking [arcades](/source/Arcade_(architecture)). The original detail of the bay window has been replaced with a modern glazed structure. The arcading is composed of round-headed arches supported on partially fluted [pilasters](/source/pilasters), with [Corinthian](/source/Corinthian_order) [capitals](/source/Capital_(architecture)). Recessed behind the arches are plate glass windows.<ref name=qhr/>

The second floor level has round headed window openings in line with the arches on the level below. These openings have decorative hood mouldings, and prominent [keystones](/source/Keystone_(architecture)) of [acanthus leaves](/source/acanthus_leaves). The [facade](/source/facade) is finished with a [dentilled](/source/dentilled) [string course](/source/string_course) which is the base of a Corinthian [entablature](/source/entablature) with Italianate [balustrading](/source/balustrading). A [vase](/source/vase) is located above a [pedestal](/source/pedestal) at each end and centred above the parapet is a triangular [pediment](/source/pediment). This has the words "ERECTED 1882" engraved on the surface.<ref name=qhr/>

Internally the building has suffered with its changing ownership, but although the original internal [columns](/source/columns) have been encased some traces of their original decoration remain.<ref name=qhr/>

The rear polychrome brick facade of the building has a carefully composed elevation of arched openings with the stone base partially exposed. Little has changed to this facade since it was first constructed apart from the bricking up of some of the openings and the installation of modern entry doors for access from [Burnett Lane](/source/Burnett_Lane).<ref name=qhr/>

The building is part of a group of surviving Victorian commercial buildings that are prominent in this portion of Queen Street.<ref name=qhr/>

== Heritage listing ==
The Edwards and Chapman Building was listed on the [Queensland Heritage Register](/source/Queensland_Heritage_Register) on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.<ref name=qhr/>

'''The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.'''

The building is important in demonstrating the evolution of Queensland's history, in particular the secondary phase of development in Queen Street during the early 1880s, initiated by the disposal of the convict barracks.<ref name=qhr/>

'''The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.'''

The building demonstrates the principal characteristics of the commercial work of Brisbane architect, FDG Stanley and of a Victorian era commercial building with ornate Italianate detailing.<ref name=qhr/>

'''The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.'''

The building is important in exhibiting particular aesthetic characteristics valued by the community, in particular, its contribution to the streetscape of Queen Street as part of a group of surviving 1880s commercial buildings.<ref name=qhr/>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

=== Attribution ===
{{QHR-CC-2014-contains}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category-inline|Edwards and Chapman Building}}

Category:Queensland Heritage Register
Category:Heritage of Brisbane
Category:Buildings and structures in Brisbane
Category:Brisbane central business district
Category:Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register
Category:Warehouses in Queensland

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Edwards and Chapman Building](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwards_and_Chapman_Building) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwards_and_Chapman_Building?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.